The Emerging Aversion to Inequality: Evidence from Poland 1992-2005

This paper provides an illustration of the changing tolerance for inequality in a context of radical political and economic transformation and rapid economic growth. We focus on the Polish experience of transition and explore self-declared attitudes of the citizens. Using monthly representative surveys of the population, realized by the Polish poll institute (CBOS) from 1992 to 2005, we identify a structural break in the relation between income inequality and subjective evaluation of well-being. The downturn in the tolerance for inequality (1997) coincides with the increasing distrust of political elites.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64387/1/wp919.pd

Nominal or Real? The Impact of Regional Price Levels on Satisfaction with Life

According to economic theory, real income, i.e., nominal income adjusted for purchasing power, should be the relevant source of life satisfaction. Previous work, however, has only studied the impact of inflation adjusted nominal income and not taken into account regional differences in purchasing power. Therefore, we use a novel data set to study how regional price levels affect satisfaction with life. The data set comprises about 7 million data points that are used to construct a price level for each of the 428 administrative districts in Germany. We estimate pooled OLS and ordered probit models that include a comprehensive set of individual level, time-varying and time-invariant control variables as well as control variables that capture district heterogeneity other than the price level. Our results show that higher price levels significantly reduce life satisfaction. Furthermore, we find that a higher price level tends to induce a larger loss in life satisfaction than a corresponding decrease in nominal income. A formal test of neutrality of money, however, does not reject neutrality of money. Our results provide an argument in favor of regional indexation of government transfer payments such as social welfare benefits

Herramienta de comunicación inclusiva

El lenguaje juega un rol fundamental en la construcción de la cultura y de las identidades; construye significados, genera sentido y percepciones y, con ellas, valoraciones positivas o negativas sobre lo que nombramos; y, al nombrar, se da existencia, ya que lo que no es nombrado es invisibilizado o negado.De este modo, a expresarse utilizando un lenguaje que refleje la igualdad entre las personas, que visibilice a aquellas pertenecientes a grupos vulnerados o invisibilizados, que no reproduzca estereotipos, ni etiquete o encasille a las personas, para que todas reciban un trato equitativo y puedan desarrollar sus potencialidades. Esperamos que el ámbito empresarial pueda nutrirse de esta herramienta.Esta herramienta surgió como resultado del evento exclusivo para empresas miembro “Workshop y campañatón sobre comunicación inclusiva”, que se llevó a cabo el 7 de julio de 2017 en la UTDT. En este documento, se concentran los contenidos expuestos durante el workshop, y su objetivo es incentivar a todas las personas a incorporar una mirada inclusiva reconociendo la posibilidad que tienen los medios de deconstruir los estilos de comunicación socialmente instalados, así como aportar las definiciones básicas de cada tema desarrollado. En este sentido, a continuación, se presenta el uso del lenguaje y la comunicación en discapacidad, diversidad sexual y género

Life satisfaction and confidence in national institutions: evidence from South America

A number of South American countries experienced turbulent democratic, political and economic upheaval over the last 40 years in the form of coup d’états in the 1970s, tumultuous elections, and repeated severe economic crises, some of which happened fairly recently. Starting in 2010, a number of court proceedings across the region have made past military coup d’états the focus of national conversations. South American citizens may, therefore, have lost confidence in national institutions that have repeatedly disappointed their trust and expectations; a situation with potentially detrimental effects on their well-being. Using eight waves of the Gallup World Poll collected between 2009 and 2016 across ten South American countries, we investigate to what extent people’s confidence in financial institutions, the honesty of elections, the military, the judicial system, the national government and the police is associated with people’s current and expectation of future life satisfaction. We find that people who report confidence in these six institutions rate their current and expected life satisfaction, on average, to be higher than those who lack these types of institutional confidence, even after controlling for demographic factors and macroeconomic indicators. In addition, we investigate changes over time for all six measures of confidence in institutions as well as for current and expectation of future life satisfaction. Our results suggest that governments’ investments in well-functioning institutions may contribute positively to subjective well-being in a society. However, our analysis is correlational and we thus cannot rule out reverse causality