Fuzzy Phase Partition and Hybrid Modeling Based Quality Prediction and Process Monitoring Methods for Multiphase Batch Processes

A novel fuzzy phase partition method and a hybrid modeling strategy are proposed for quality prediction and process monitoring in batch processes with multiple operation phases. The fuzzy phase partition method is proposed on the basis of a sequence-constrained fuzzy c-means (SCFCM) clustering algorithm. It divides the batch process into several fuzzy operation phases by performing the SCFCM algorithm on trajectory data of phase-sensitive process variables. This SCFCM-based partition method not only has high computation efficiency and good partition accuracy but also is easy to implement and popularize. In addition, it generates “soft” partition results, where a “transition” phase exists between two adjacent “steady” operation phases. A hybrid modeling strategy is developed to build appropriate models for all operation phases according to their own characteristics. Phase-based multiway PLS models are built for regular steady phases that have longer durations and stable process behaviors. Just-in-time PLS models are built for those phases with shorter durations but time-varying or nonlinear process behaviors, including all transition phases and several irregular steady phases. This hybrid modeling strategy significantly enhances the modeling accuracy, resulting in better quality prediction and process monitoring performance. Advantages of proposed methods are illustrated by case studies in a fed-batch penicillin fermentation process

Data_Sheet_1_The use of IVF/ICSI and risk of postpartum hemorrhage: A retrospective cohort study of 153,765 women in China.pdf

ObjectivePostpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is the leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. Identifying women who are at high risk of PPH is crucial for implementing early preventive and interventive strategies. This study aimed to examine whether there is an association between the use of in vitro fertilization (IVF) /intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and increased risk of PPH.MethodThis retrospective cohort study was conducted using medical record data from women who delivered at a tertiary hospital in Shanghai, China, between January 1, 2013 and April 30, 2019. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the associations between the use of IVF/ICSI and the risk of PPH.ResultsA total of 153,765 pregnant women were included, of which 6,484 conceived through IVF/ICSI and147,281 conceived naturally. The incidence of PPH was 1.9% in this cohort. The incidence of PPH in women who conceived through IVF/ICSI was significantly higher than those in women who conceived naturally (3.4% vs. 1.7%, p ConclusionOur findings demonstrated that women who conceived through IVF/ICSI were at higher risk of PPH and suggested to obstetricians and midwives to identify and implement early preventative strategies for PPH among pregnant women who conceived through IVF/ICSI.</p

Mismatch Negativity of Sad Syllables Is Absent in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

<div><p>Background</p><p>Major depressive disorder (MDD) is an important and highly prevalent mental disorder characterized by anhedonia and a lack of interest in everyday activities. Additionally, patients with MDD appear to have deficits in various cognitive abilities. Although a number of studies investigating the central auditory processing of low-level sound features in patients with MDD have demonstrated that this population exhibits impairments in automatic processing, the influence of emotional voice processing has yet to be addressed. To explore the automatic processing of emotional prosodies in patients with MDD, we analyzed the ability to detect automatic changes using event-related potentials (ERPs).</p><p>Method</p><p>This study included 18 patients with MDD and 22 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Subjects were instructed to watch a silent movie but to ignore the afferent acoustic emotional prosodies presented to both ears while continuous electroencephalographic activity was synchronously recorded. Prosodies included meaningless syllables, such as “dada” spoken with happy, angry, sad, or neutral tones. The mean amplitudes of the ERPs elicited by emotional stimuli and the peak latency of the emotional differential waveforms were analyzed.</p><p>Results</p><p>The sad MMN was absent in patients with MDD, whereas the happy and angry MMN components were similar across groups. The abnormal sad emotional MMN component was not significantly correlated with the HRSD-17 and HAMA scores, respectively.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>The data indicate that patients with MDD are impaired in their ability to automatically process sad prosody, whereas their ability to process happy and angry prosodies remains normal. The dysfunctional sad emotion-related MMN in patients with MDD were not correlated with depression symptoms. The blunted MMN of sad prosodies could be considered a trait of MDD.</p></div

Grand averaged waveforms of differential ERPs (deviant emotion minus standard emotion).

<p>Emotional MMN under happy, angry, and sad conditions in HC and MDD groups.</p

Mean values (with <i>SD</i>) of demographic and clinical variables in MDD patients and healthy controls.

<p>HRSD-17, Hamilton Rating Scale of Depression-17; HAMA, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale;</p><p>MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination.</p

Grand averaged mean amplitudes of MMN.

<p>Emotional MMN under happy, angry, and sad conditions in HC and MDD groups. Error bars indicate standard deviations from the mean.</p

Grand averaged 2D scalp topographies of emotional MMN in HC and MDD groups.

<p>Grand averaged 2D scalp topographies of emotional MMN in HC and MDD groups.</p

Hypoxia Regulates mTORC1-Mediated Keratinocyte Motility and Migration via the AMPK Pathway

<div><p>Keratinocyte migration, the initial event and rate-limiting step in wound healing, plays a vital role in restoration of the intact skin barrier, also known as re-epithelialization. After acute tissue injury, hypoxic microenvironment gradually develops and acts as an early stimulus to initiate the healing process. Although we have previously found that hypoxia induces keratinocyte migration, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here, we first observed that hypoxia increased mTORC1 activity. Recombinant lentivirus vector and Rapamycin were used for silencing mTORC1 in HaCaT cells and primary mouse keratinocytes (MKs). Using cell migration assay and a Zeiss chamber equipped with imaging system, we also demonstrated that mTORC1 downregulation reversed hypoxia-induced keratinocyte motility and lateral migration. Importantly, hypoxia-activated mTORC1 was accompanied by the AMPK downregulation, and we found that the AMPK pathway activators Metformin (Met) and 5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) decreased the mTORC1 activity, cell motility and lateral migration. Thus, our results suggest that hypoxia regulates mTORC1-mediated keratinocyte motility and migration via the AMPK pathway.</p></div

Hypoxia mediates time-dependent, sustained suppression of the AMPK signalling pathway in keratinocytes.

<p>(A) Representative cropped blots of phosphorylated AMPKα (Thr172), AMPK, phosphorylated ACC (Ser79), ACC, and β-actin (loading control) in MKs and HaCaT cells under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. (B) The graphs represent the mean ± SD of the relative integrated signals in MKs. N, normoxia. *P< 0.05 versus the N group. (C) The statistical graphs represent the mean ± SD of the relative integrated signals in HaCaT cells. N, normoxia. *P< 0.05 versus the N group.</p

Carbon Quantum Dot/NiFe Layered Double-Hydroxide Composite as a Highly Efficient Electrocatalyst for Water Oxidation

The design of highly efficient, durable, and earth-abundant catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction is crucial to a variety of important energy conversion and storage processes. Here, we use carbon quantum dots (CQDs, ∼5 nm) to form hybrids with the ultrathin nickel–iron layered double-hydroxide (NiFe-LDH) nanoplates. The resulting CQD/NiFe-LDH complex exhibits high electrocatalytic activity (with an overpotential of ∼235 mV in 1 M KOH at a current density of 10 mA cm^–2) and stability for oxygen evolution, which almost exceed the values of all previously reported Ni-Fe compounds and were comparable to those of the most active perovskite-based catalyst