Semantic Matchmaking as Non-Monotonic Reasoning: A Description Logic Approach

Matchmaking arises when supply and demand meet in an electronic marketplace, or when agents search for a web service to perform some task, or even when recruiting agencies match curricula and job profiles. In such open environments, the objective of a matchmaking process is to discover best available offers to a given request. We address the problem of matchmaking from a knowledge representation perspective, with a formalization based on Description Logics. We devise Concept Abduction and Concept Contraction as non-monotonic inferences in Description Logics suitable for modeling matchmaking in a logical framework, and prove some related complexity results. We also present reasonable algorithms for semantic matchmaking based on the devised inferences, and prove that they obey to some commonsense properties. Finally, we report on the implementation of the proposed matchmaking framework, which has been used both as a mediator in e-marketplaces and for semantic web services discovery

Diffuse gamma-ray emission from galactic pulsars

Millisecond Pulsars are second most abundant source population discovered by the Fermi-LAT. They might contribute non-negligibly to the diffuse emission measured at high latitudes by Fermi-LAT, the IDGRB. Gamma-ray sources also contribute to the anisotropy of the IDGRB measured on small scales by Fermi-LAT. We aim to assess the contribution of the unresolved counterpart of the detected MSPs population to the IDGRB and the maximal fraction of the measured anisotropy produced by this source class. We model the MSPs spatial distribution in the Galaxy and the gamma-ray emission parameters by considering radio and gamma-ray observational constraints. By simulating a large number of MSPs populations, we compute the average diffuse emission and the anisotropy 1-sigma upper limit. The emission from unresolved MSPs at 2 GeV, where the peak of the spectrum is located, is at most 0.9% of the measured IDGRB above 10 degrees in latitude. The 1-sigma upper limit on the angular power for unresolved MSP sources turns out to be about a factor of 60 smaller than Fermi-LAT measurements above 30 degrees. Our results indicate that this galactic source class represents a negligible contributor to the high-latitude gamma-ray sky and confirm that most of the intensity and geometrical properties of the measured diffuse emission are imputable to other extragalactic source classes. Nevertheless, given the MSP distribution, we expect them to contribute significantly to the gamma-ray diffuse emission at low latitudes. Since, along the galactic disk, the population of young Pulsars overcomes in number the one of MSPs, we compute the gamma-ray emission from the whole population of unresolved Pulsars in two low-latitude regions: the inner Galaxy and the galactic center.Comment: 19 pages, 26 figures. It matches the published version, minor changes onl

Numerical Stochastic Perturbation Theory for full QCD

We give a full account of the Numerical Stochastic Perturbation Theory method for Lattice Gauge Theories. Particular relevance is given to the inclusion of dynamical fermions, which turns out to be surprisingly cheap in this context. We analyse the underlying stochastic process and discuss the convergence properties. We perform some benchmark calculations and - as a byproduct - we present original results for Wilson loops and the 3-loop critical mass for Wilson fermions.Comment: 35 pages, 5 figures; syntax revise

Optimal Szeg\"o-Weinberger type inequalities

Denote with $\mu_{1}(\Omega;e^{h\left(|x|\right)})$ the first nontrivial eigenvalue of the Neumann problem \begin{equation*} \left\{\begin{array}{lll} -\text{div}\left(e^{h\left(|x|\right)}\nabla u\right) =\mu e^{h\left(|x|\right)}u & \text{in} & \Omega & & \frac{\partial u}{\partial \nu}=0 & \text{on} & \partial \Omega , \end{array} \right. \end{equation*} where $\Omega$ is a bounded and Lipschitz domain in $\mathbb{R}^{N}$. Under suitable assumption on $h$ we prove that the ball centered at the origin is the unique set maximizing $\mu_{1}(\Omega;e^{h\left(|x|\right)})$ among all Lipschitz bounded domains $\Omega$ of $\mathbb{R}^{N}$ of prescribed $e^{h\left(|x|\right)}dx$-measure and symmetric about the origin. Moreover, an example in the model case $h\left(|x|\right) =|x|^{2},$ shows that, in general, the assumption on the symmetry of the domain cannot be dropped. In the one-dimensional case, i.e. when $\Omega$ reduces to an interval $(a,b),$ we consider a wide class of weights (including both Gaussian and anti-Gaussian). We then describe the behavior of the eigenvalue as the interval $(a,b)$ slides along the $x$-axis keeping fixed its weighted length