Flowchart of final patient sample included in analysis.

Flowchart detailing patients included in final data analysis from original identification in database of renal transplant patients. Of the 539 patients in the database, 240 met inclusion criteria (demographic and stress test within 24 months prior to transplant). Of these 240 patients, 8 were excluded because of missing MACE outcomes data or stress test report.</p

Baseline characteristics of study cohort.

Baseline characteristics of study cohort.</p

Multivariate analysis for long-term MACE post renal transplant.

Multivariate analysis for long-term MACE post renal transplant.</p

Association between Red Blood Cell Transfusion and 30-day Readmission Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement

Background: We sought to evaluate the association between post-procedural packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusion following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and 30-day all-cause readmission. We assessed incidence, causes and predictors of 30-day readmission. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 417 patients who underwent TAVR and survived the index hospitalization. A propensity-score adjusted multivariable logistic regression model was utilized to relate PRBC transfusion to 30-day readmission and to identify predictors of 30-day readmission. Results: The overall 30-day readmission rate was 19.4% and was for non-cardiac causes in 54.3% of patients. Of patients who received PRBC transfusion and those who were not transfused, 30.9% and 21.7% were readmitted within 30 days, respectively (p = 0.08). After propensity adjustment, the odds of readmission were not different among transfused and non-transfused patients (1.33 [95% CI 0.74, 2.40, p = 0.34]). However, among non-anemic patients, transfusion was associated with a greater likelihood of readmission (50% vs. 11.8%, OR 4.92 [95% CI 1.74, 13.91], p = 0.003), in contrast to anemic patients in whom it was not (OR 0.96, [95% CI 0.53, 1.73], p = 0.89; interaction p = 0.002). Independent predictors of 30-day readmission included history of atrial fibrillation (OR: 2.06; CI: 1.23, 3.46, p = 0.006), urgent TAVR procedure (OR: 2.29; CI: 1.20, 4.38, p = 0.020), discharge to nursing home or rehabilitation facility (OR: 1.95; CI: 1.11, 3.44, p = 0.014) and any post-operative complication (OR: 2.08; CI: 1.19, 3.63, p = 0.007). Conclusions: Pre-procedure atrial fibrillation and urgent procedures are novel predictors of early readmission following TAVR. PRBC transfusion did not independently predict 30-day readmission following TAVR.</p

10.1177_1358863X18816816_supplemental_material_tables – Supplemental material for Thirty-day readmission after endovascular or surgical revascularization for chronic mesenteric ischemia: Insights from the Nationwide Readmissions Database

Supplemental material, 10.1177_1358863X18816816_supplemental_material_tables for Thirty-day readmission after endovascular or surgical revascularization for chronic mesenteric ischemia: Insights from the Nationwide Readmissions Database by Fabio V Lima, Dhaval Kolte, David W Louis, Kevin F Kennedy, J Dawn Abbott, Peter A Soukas, Omar N Hyder, Shafiq T Mamdani and Herbert D Aronow in Vascular Medicine</p

10.1177_1358863X18816816_supplementary_material_figure1 – Supplemental material for Thirty-day readmission after endovascular or surgical revascularization for chronic mesenteric ischemia: Insights from the Nationwide Readmissions Database

Supplemental material, 10.1177_1358863X18816816_supplementary_material_figure1 for Thirty-day readmission after endovascular or surgical revascularization for chronic mesenteric ischemia: Insights from the Nationwide Readmissions Database by Fabio V Lima, Dhaval Kolte, David W Louis, Kevin F Kennedy, J Dawn Abbott, Peter A Soukas, Omar N Hyder, Shafiq T Mamdani and Herbert D Aronow in Vascular Medicine</p

10.1177_1358863X18816816_supplementary_material_figure2 – Supplemental material for Thirty-day readmission after endovascular or surgical revascularization for chronic mesenteric ischemia: Insights from the Nationwide Readmissions Database

Supplemental material, 10.1177_1358863X18816816_supplementary_material_figure2 for Thirty-day readmission after endovascular or surgical revascularization for chronic mesenteric ischemia: Insights from the Nationwide Readmissions Database by Fabio V Lima, Dhaval Kolte, David W Louis, Kevin F Kennedy, J Dawn Abbott, Peter A Soukas, Omar N Hyder, Shafiq T Mamdani and Herbert D Aronow in Vascular Medicine</p

sj-pdf-1-vmj-10.1177_1358863X211033649 – Supplemental material for Exercise therapy referral and participation in patients with peripheral artery disease: Insights from the PORTRAIT registry

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-vmj-10.1177_1358863X211033649 for Exercise therapy referral and participation in patients with peripheral artery disease: Insights from the PORTRAIT registry by Tripti Gupta, Patrick Manning, Dhaval Kolte, Kim G Smolderen, Nancy Stone, Jessica G Henry, Jingyan Wang, Kensey L Gosch, Christopher J White, John Spertus and J Dawn Abbott in Vascular Medicine</p

Balloon Predilation in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement with Self-expanding Valves

Introduction: The utility of routine balloon predilation in transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) with self-expanding valves is not established. Clinical outcomes at 30 days and 1 year post TAVR, deploying the “no balloon predilation” strategy have not been systematically described. Methods: Between October 2011 and September 2016, all patients who underwent TAVR with self-expanding valves (CoreValve®, Medtronic, Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA) were stratified into predilation and no predilation groups. Of the 564 patients in the study, predilation was performed in 410 (72.7%) patients. Results: The need for postdilation was less when predilation was performed (30.2%), compared with no predilation (39.0%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR]:0.741, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.493–1.114). “Clinically significant” paravalvular leak (PVL) was similar in the predilation (5.9%) and no predilation (6.8%) groups (aOR: 0.886, 95% CI: 0.398–1.971). Permanent pacemaker implantation was higher following predilation (25.1%), compared with no predilation (15.6%; aOR:3.086, 95% CI:1.413–6.738). There were no differences in 30-day myocardial infarction, or 30-day and 1-year stroke and death. When patients undergoing predilation were further stratified into conservative predilation (predilation balloon size ≤ minimum annulus diameter) and aggressive predilation (predilation balloon size > minimum annulus) groups, need for postdilation was lowest with aggressive predilation. PVL, 30-day and 1-year stroke rates were similar in the aggressive, conservative and no predilation groups. Conclusion: Balloon predilation in TAVR with a self-expanding prosthesis was associated with a significant decrease in the need for balloon postdilation, and a significant increase in the need for a permanent pacemaker. There was no difference in PVL, and 30-day and 1-year stroke and death rates between the two groups.</p

Smoking prevalence and attributable disease burden in 195 countries and territories, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

Background The scale-up of tobacco control, especially after the adoption of the Framework Convention for TobaccoControl, is a major public health success story. Nonetheless, smoking remains a leading risk for early death anddisability worldwide, and therefore continues to require sustained political commitment. The Global Burden ofDiseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) offers a robust platform through which global, regional, andnational progress toward achieving smoking-related targets can be assessed.Methods We synthesised 2818 data sources with spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression and produced estimatesof daily smoking prevalence by sex, age group, and year for 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2015. We analysed38 risk-outcome pairs to generate estimates of smoking-attributable mortality and disease burden, as measured bydisability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). We then performed a cohort analysis of smoking prevalence by birth-year cohortto better understand temporal age patterns in smoking. We also did a decomposition analysis, in which we parsed outchanges in all-cause smoking-attributable DALYs due to changes in population growth, population ageing, smokingprevalence, and risk-deleted DALY rates. Finally, we explored results by level of development using theSocio-demographic Index (SDI).Findings Worldwide, the age-standardised prevalence of daily smoking was 25·0% (95% uncertainty interval [UI]24·2–25·7) for men and 5·4% (5·1–5·7) for women, representing 28·4% (25·8–31·1) and 34·4% (29·4–38·6)reductions, respectively, since 1990. A greater percentage of countries and territories achieved significant annualisedrates of decline in smoking prevalence from 1990 to 2005 than in between 2005 and 2015; however, only four countrieshad significant annualised increases in smoking prevalence between 2005 and 2015 (Congo [Brazzaville] andAzerbaijan for men and Kuwait and Timor-Leste for women). In 2015, 11·5% of global deaths (6·4 million [95% UI5·7–7·0 million]) were attributable to smoking worldwide, of which 52·2% took place in four countries (China, India,the USA, and Russia). Smoking was ranked among the five leading risk factors by DALYs in 109 countries andterritories in 2015, rising from 88 geographies in 1990. In terms of birth cohorts, male smoking prevalence followedsimilar age patterns across levels of SDI, whereas much more heterogeneity was found in age patterns for femalesmokers by level of development. While smoking prevalence and risk-deleted DALY rates mostly decreased by sex andSDI quintile, population growth, population ageing, or a combination of both, drove rises in overall smokingattributableDALYs in low-SDI to middle-SDI geographies between 2005 and 2015.Interpretation The pace of progress in reducing smoking prevalence has been heterogeneous across geographies,development status, and sex, and as highlighted by more recent trends, maintaining past rates of decline should notbe taken for granted, especially in women and in low-SDI to middle-SDI countries. Beyond the effect of the tobaccoindustry and societal mores, a crucial challenge facing tobacco control initiatives is that demographic forces arepoised to heighten smoking’s global toll, unless progress in preventing initiation and promoting cessation can besubstantially accelerated. Greater success in tobacco control is possible but requires effective, comprehensive, andadequately implemented and enforced policies, which might in turn require global and national levels of politicalcommitment beyond what has been achieved during the past 25 years.</p