A survey on functioning of male and female with migraine

Migraines are severe, recurring, and painful headaches. The extreme pain have that migraines cause can last for hours or even days. Migraines can follow an aura of sensory disturbances followed by a severe headache that often appears on one side of the head. Objective of the study include; To find out whether male and female are more prone to develop migraine, To evaluate which triggering factors contributes to migraine and To evaluate the people taking OTC for migraine. A Prospective survey will be carried out in 75 peoples using the information’s gathered from students in Pharmacy colleges in Trivandrum. This study provides the prevalence of migraine headache. Past history, medication usage, diagnosis, treatment, triggering factors, physical and intellectual activities was collected, analysed properly and response is recorded. These collected data will be subjected to statistical analysis. In the current research, a survey on functioning of male and female with migraine was formulated. Among the respondents about 18-35 age group is commonly affected migraine with 98.7%(n=74). Approximately, 63.5%(n=47) female are affected with migraine than 36.5%(n=27) male. About 11.16%(n=8) of patients taken prescription drugs and 52.2%(n=48) are taken over-the-counter medicines. Migraine worsened in 77.20%(n=48) patients with stress, 50%(n=33) bright sunshine, 33.30%(n=22)  loud noise and others have air travel, fatigue, certain smells and perfume. The goal of management is to reduce frequency and severity of episodes in males and females. Also limit the impact of this chronic pain condition

Prevalence of breathing difficulty and evaluating the use of inhaler among public in rural area

Asthma and COPD are common diseases of the airways and lungs that have a major impact on the health of the population. Major limitation to the effective use of inhaled medications is the inability of many patients to use various inhaler devices correctly. Patients require appropriate education in the correct handling of inhaled medications. Objective of the study is the prevalence of breathing difficulty and evaluating the use of inhaler among public in rural area. Methodology includes a cross sectional questionnaire study carried out among 35 people in rural area. The study is mainly based on the use of inhaler techniques among peoples leave in a particular locality and taken there duration of disease, medications, frequency of using the inhaler to determine the correct way of using the inhaler. Result includes about 35 patients were responded. Among them 36.5% were female patients and 23.5% were males. Most of the patients have asthma 24%. most often people have correct knowledge about inhaler use. 59.3% people using meter dose inhaler and 37% people use rotahaler. about 63% people use inhaler whenever necessary, 25.9% people use inhaler twice a day, 3.7% use after a long journey and 7.4% use all of the above. The opportunity for technological innovation and educational interventions to reduce errors is highlighted, as well as the specific challenges faced by children

RNA Viruses, Pregnancy and Vaccination: Emerging Lessons from COVID-19 and Ebola Virus Disease

Pathogenic viruses with an RNA genome represent a challenge for global human health since they have the tremendous potential to develop into devastating pandemics/epidemics. The management of the recent COVID-19 pandemic was possible to a certain extent only because of the strong foundations laid by the research on previous viral outbreaks, especially Ebola Virus Disease (EVD). A clear understanding of the mechanisms of the host immune response generated upon viral infections is a prime requisite for the development of new therapeutic strategies. Hence, we present here a comparative study of alterations in immune response upon SARS-CoV-2 and Ebola virus infections that illustrate many common features. Vaccination and pregnancy are two important aspects that need to be studied from an immunological perspective. So, we summarize the outcomes and immune responses in vaccinated and pregnant individuals in the context of COVID-19 and EVD. Considering the significance of immunomodulatory approaches in combating both these diseases, we have also presented the state of the art of such therapeutics and prophylactics. Currently, several vaccines against these viruses have been approved or are under clinical trials in various parts of the world. Therefore, we also recapitulate the latest developments in these which would inspire researchers to look for possibilities of developing vaccines against many other RNA viruses. We hope that the similar aspects in COVID-19 and EVD open up new avenues for the development of pan-viral therapies