7,891 research outputs found
Structure of strongly coupled, multi-component plasmas
We investigate the short-range structure in strongly coupled fluidlike plasmas using the hypernetted chain approach generalized to multicomponent systems. Good agreement with numerical simulations validates this method for the parameters considered. We found a strong mutual impact on the spatial arrangement for systems with multiple ion species which is most clearly pronounced in the static structure factor. Quantum pseudopotentials were used to mimic diffraction and exchange effects in dense electron-ion systems. We demonstrate that the different kinds of pseudopotentials proposed lead to large differences in both the pair distributions and structure factors. Large discrepancies were also found in the predicted ion feature of the x-ray scattering signal, illustrating the need for comparison with full quantum calculations or experimental verification
Early out-of-equilibrium beam-plasma evolution
We solve analytically the out-of-equilibrium initial stage that follows the
injection of a radially finite electron beam into a plasma at rest and test it
against particle-in-cell simulations. For initial large beam edge gradients and
not too large beam radius, compared to the electron skin depth, the electron
beam is shown to evolve into a ring structure. For low enough transverse
temperatures, the filamentation instability eventually proceeds and saturates
when transverse isotropy is reached. The analysis accounts for the variety of
very recent experimental beam transverse observations.Comment: to appear in Phys. Rev. Letter
Building multiparticle states with teleportation
We describe a protocol which can be used to generate any N-partite pure
quantum state using Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. This protocol employs
only local operations and classical communication between the N parties
(N-LOCC). In particular, we rely on quantum data compression and teleportation
to create the desired state. This protocol can be used to obtain upper bounds
for the bipartite entanglement of formation of an arbitrary N-partite pure
state, in the asymptotic limit of many copies. We apply it to a few
multipartite states of interest, showing that in some cases it is not optimal.
Generalizations of the protocol are developed which are optimal for some of the
examples we consider, but which may still be inefficient for arbitrary states.Comment: 11 pages, 1 figure. Version 2 contains an example for which protocol
P3 is better than protocol P2. Correction to references in version
Conditional Quantum Dynamics and Logic Gates
Quantum logic gates provide fundamental examples of conditional quantum
dynamics. They could form the building blocks of general quantum information
processing systems which have recently been shown to have many interesting
non--classical properties. We describe a simple quantum logic gate, the quantum
controlled--NOT, and analyse some of its applications. We discuss two possible
physical realisations of the gate; one based on Ramsey atomic interferometry
and the other on the selective driving of optical resonances of two subsystems
undergoing a dipole--dipole interaction.Comment: 5 pages, RevTeX, two figures in a uuencoded, compressed fil
The Measurement Calculus
Measurement-based quantum computation has emerged from the physics community
as a new approach to quantum computation where the notion of measurement is the
main driving force of computation. This is in contrast with the more
traditional circuit model which is based on unitary operations. Among
measurement-based quantum computation methods, the recently introduced one-way
quantum computer stands out as fundamental.
We develop a rigorous mathematical model underlying the one-way quantum
computer and present a concrete syntax and operational semantics for programs,
which we call patterns, and an algebra of these patterns derived from a
denotational semantics. More importantly, we present a calculus for reasoning
locally and compositionally about these patterns.
We present a rewrite theory and prove a general standardization theorem which
allows all patterns to be put in a semantically equivalent standard form.
Standardization has far-reaching consequences: a new physical architecture
based on performing all the entanglement in the beginning, parallelization by
exposing the dependency structure of measurements and expressiveness theorems.
Furthermore we formalize several other measurement-based models:
Teleportation, Phase and Pauli models and present compositional embeddings of
them into and from the one-way model. This allows us to transfer all the theory
we develop for the one-way model to these models. This shows that the framework
we have developed has a general impact on measurement-based computation and is
not just particular to the one-way quantum computer.Comment: 46 pages, 2 figures, Replacement of quant-ph/0412135v1, the new
version also include formalization of several other measurement-based models:
Teleportation, Phase and Pauli models and present compositional embeddings of
them into and from the one-way model. To appear in Journal of AC
The Rotating Quantum Thermal Distribution
We show that the rigidly rotating quantum thermal distribution on flat
space-time suffers from a global pathology which can be cured by introducing a
cylindrical mirror if and only if it has a radius smaller than that of the
speed-of-light cylinder. When this condition is met, we demonstrate numerically
that the renormalized expectation value of the energy-momentum stress tensor
corresponds to a rigidly rotating thermal bath up to a finite correction except
on the mirror where there are the usual Casimir divergences.Comment: 8 pages, 2 PostScript figure
Quantum advantages in classically defined tasks
We analyze classically defined games for which a quantum team has an
advantage over any classical team. The quantum team has a clear advantage in
games in which the players of each team are separated in space and the quantum
team can use unusually strong correlations of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR)
type. We present an example of a classically defined game played at one
location for which quantum players have a real advantage.Comment: 4 pages, revised version, to be published in PR
Collective and static properties of model two-component plasmas
Classical MD data on the charge-charge dynamic structure factor of
two-component plasmas (TCP) modeled in Phys. Rev. A 23, 2041 (1981) are
analyzed using the sum rules and other exact relations. The convergent power
moments of the imaginary part of the model system dielectric function are
expressed in terms of its partial static structure factors, which are computed
by the method of hypernetted chains using the Deutsch effective potential.
High-frequency asymptotic behavior of the dielectric function is specified to
include the effects of inverse bremsstrahlung. The agreement with the MD data
is improved, and important statistical characteristics of the model TCP, such
as the probability to find both electron and ion at one point, are determined.Comment: 25 pages, 6 figures, 5 tables. Published in Physical Review E
http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v76/e02640
Fiber-Cavity-Based Optomechanical Device
We describe an optomechanical device consisting of a fiber-based optical
cavity containing a silicon nitiride membrane. In comparison with typical
free-space cavities, the fiber-cavity's small mode size (10 {\mu}m waist, 80
{\mu}m length) allows the use of smaller, lighter membranes and increases the
cavity-membrane linear coupling to 3 GHz/nm and quadratic coupling to 20
GHz/nm^2. This device is also intrinsically fiber-coupled and uses glass
ferrules for passive alignment. These improvements will greatly simplify the
use of optomechanical systems, particularly in cryogenic settings. At room
temperature, we expect these devices to be able to detect the shot noise of
radiation pressure.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures; the following article has been submitted to
Applied Physics Letter
Faraday Instability in a Surface-Frozen Liquid
Faraday surface instability measurements of the critical acceleration, a_c,
and wavenumber, k_c, for standing surface waves on a tetracosanol (C_24H_50)
melt exhibit abrupt changes at T_s=54degC above the bulk freezing temperature.
The measured variations of a_c and k_c vs. temperature and driving frequency
are accounted for quantitatively by a hydrodynamic model, revealing a change
from a free-slip surface flow, generic for a free liquid surface (T>T_s), to a
surface-pinned, no-slip flow, characteristic of a flow near a wetted solid wall
(T < T_s). The change at T_s is traced to the onset of surface freezing, where
the steep velocity gradient in the surface-pinned flow significantly increases
the viscous dissipation near the surface.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures. Physical Review Letters (in press
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