An effect of suint on sheep wool impedance and heat resistance values

The phenomenon of impedance finds an application in many areas of science; however, no studies relate to wool. Thus, the aim of the study was an examination of an effect of from the presence of suint layer on sheep wool fibers on impedance and heat resistance values. Electrical characteristics (impedance [Ω]) and heat resistance were compared in terms of wool washing effect. The impedance of wool samples was tested in the frequency range of 10 Hz to 1 MHz. In order to measure electrical characteristics and heat resistance values, five samples of greasy wool were collected from different sheep breeds, standardized by weight. After the analyses, the samples were washed and reexamined. The results showed significant differences in the impedance between the greasy and washed wool samples in each of the tested breed (p > 0.05). The suint layer reduces the impedance level, which was also confirmed by a heat resistance test results demonstrating that absence of suint layer on wool fibers significantly reduced this feature value (p > 0.05). This was also reflected in the weight differences between the examined wool samples before and after their washing

The Dependence of the Liquid Application on the Coverage of the Sprayed Objects in Terms of the Characteristics of the Sprayed Object during Spraying

When assessing the quality of the spraying procedure, three indicators are used: uneven distribution of precipitation of liquid sprayed, degree of coverage of sprayed surfaces, and deposition of liquid spraying However, there is a lack of information on the relationship between the quality parameters of the procedure. Therefore, the research was carried out at the Institute of Agricultural Engineering of Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the degree of coverage of sprayed surfaces and the deposition of liquid in the aspect of the parametric characteristics of the protected plant using selected single and double stream nozzles. Experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions. The carrier of nozzles acted as an independent self-propelled sprayer used for spraying, whereas the parametric characteristics of plants were determined using artificial plants as the ratio of the vertical projection surface and the horizontal projection surface. The results and their analysis showed a strong and very strong correlation between the analyzed parameters in terms of the characteristics of the sprayed object

Application of the Electrical Impedance Analysis Method, Combined With Measurments Heat Resistence and Breaking Strength on The Comparison of Natural Wool Fibers of Selected Species of Animals with Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) Fiber

The production of clothing in recent years is mainly based on synthetic materials. Synthetics such as polyacrylonitrile fiber (PAN) significantly reduce the costs of clothing production. PAN fiber requires considerably more water than natural fibers in the treatment process, which has a negative impact on the environment. This is quite different in the case of natural fiber wool, which is a biodegradable material. Due to the high quality of its products, wool is also a material highly appreciated by the textile industry. Differences between the materials were determined by testing electrical properties (resistance and impedance), which may represent differences at the molecular level. As the use of the proposed method is at the preliminary stage, measurements of fiber diameter, heat resistance, and breaking stress were also performed to supplement the results. The electrical characteristic tests showed a higher resistance of wool compared to PAN fiber, which indicates that wool is a better dielectric than PAN fiber. The breaking stress tests showed that PAN fiber was the weakest of the assessed fibers. The measurements have also shown that the heat resistance of the samples of wool from alpaca were higher than those of PAN fiber. The wool samples from angora goats were characterized by the lowest heat resistance