Models to Reduce the Complexity of Simulating a Quantum Computer

Recently Quantum Computation has generated a lot of interest due to the discovery of a quantum algorithm which can factor large numbers in polynomial time. The usefulness of a quantum com puter is limited by the effect of errors. Simulation is a useful tool for determining the feasibility of quantum computers in the presence of errors. The size of a quantum computer that can be simulat ed is small because faithfully modeling a quantum computer requires an exponential amount of storage and number of operations. In this paper we define simulation models to study the feasibility of quantum computers. The most detailed of these models is based directly on a proposed imple mentation. We also define less detailed models which are exponentially less complex but still pro duce accurate results. Finally we show that the two different types of errors, decoherence and inaccuracies, are uncorrelated. This decreases the number of simulations which must be per formed.Comment: 25 page

Book review: The Deficit Myth: Modern Monetary Theory and the Birth of the People’s Economy by Stephanie Kelton

In The Deficit Myth: Modern Monetary Theory and the Birth of the People’s Economy, Stephanie Kelton dispels six key myths that have shaped the conventional understanding of deficits as inherently bad, instead arguing that deficits can strengthen economies and lead to faster growth. This book is a triumph, writes Professor Hans G. Despain, shifting normative grounds of government spending away from the false and unproductive idea that deficits are irresponsible and ruinous towards the productive political activity of deciding which spending programmes should be prioritised

Fan Films and Fanworks in the Age of Social Media: How Copyright Owners Are Relying on Private Ordering to Avoid Angering Fans

Fandoms active in creating “fanworks” are increasingly able to leverage social media to coordinate and respond to owners of large media franchises who attempt to limit the creation and distribution of fan films. The resulting friction between these groups can be more efficiently addressed through private ordering rather than through formal legal reform

Of Mirrors and Men

The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in body self-consciousness and exercise self-efficacy between college males exercising in the presence or absence of mirrors in a general gym atmosphere. It was hypothesized that the presence of mirrors would increase body self-consciousness and increase exercise self-efficacy. The treatment group (n = 15) exercised in an environment where the mirrors had been covered up with dark paper and the control group (n=15) exercised in an environment where the mirrors were present. Body self-consciousness was assessed using the Objectified Body Consciousness Scale OBCS which is comprised of three subscales: body shame, body surveillance and appearance control beliefs. Exercise self-efficacy was assessed using the Self Presentational Efficacy Scale SPES which is comprised of three subscales: efficacy expectancy, outcome expectancy and outcome value. No significant differences were found between treatment and controls groups in body self-consciousness and exercise self-efficacy. Correlations identified that males in a mirror free environment experience an increase in both body shame and body surveillance from Pre-exercise (r=.664) to Post-exercise (r=.845). This suggests that exercise experienced males are engaging in self-reference through some other means than their reflection

[Review of] Charlotte H. Bruner, ed. African Women\u27s Writing

African Women\u27s Writing is a companion volume to Bruner\u27s Unwinding Threads, first published by Heinemann ten years ago. In her Preface to this volume, Bruner says that this book came about because new writers, or hitherto unpublished ones, were not only writing fiction but were recording the New Africa. Thus, only two writers reappear in this volume: Bessie Head of South Africa and Assia Djebar of Algeria, and a good many of the authors were born after 1945

Book review: Boom and bust: a global history of financial bubbles by William Quinn and John D. Turner

In Boom and Bust: A Global History of Financial Bubbles, William Quinn and John D. Turner take readers on a 300-year tour through the history of the world’s most significant financial bubbles, aiming to improve understanding of why bubbles happen, their destructive and sometimes beneficial consequences, and potential policy measures to help prevent them. Hans G. Despain praises the book as a well-written, entertaining and accessible read that is particularly impressive in providing an analytical framework for theorists, policymakers and investors

The Adult Student in Higher Education and Training

This thesis will focus on the needs of the adult or nontraditional student. An in-depth look at bow non-traditional students came to be and how higher education is accommodating them today and tomorrow. Before 1944, adult students were not commonplace on college campuses. At that time even high school graduation was a rare achievement. However, The Servicemen\u27s (and women\u27s) Readjustment Act of 1944, better known as The GI Bill, changed all that. The Act provided many benefits but it is best known for giving former soldiers, both male and female, a chance at a college education or a degree from a trade school. In the 1950s and 1960s the non-traditional students were outnumbering the traditional students. The adult students brought much knowledge and wisdom to class and they were focused on goals. As a result, in the early 1970s accelerated courses for adults only were born. Many were evening classes, and on occasion, a few weekend programs. Friends University, a small Quaker College in Wichita, Kansas, was saved from extinction by adding adult classes to its curriculum. College and degrees may not be for everyone. There are people in blue-collar supervisory positions who need communication and listening skills more than a degree. Toastmasters International is an organization that has been filling that need for nearly three quarters of a century. In the past five years distance learning has exploded onto the scene and as a result education is experiencing some stark changes. As a result, the traditional college now is commonly referred to as the brick college. The distance learning is referred as the click college. Many colleges are almost being forced to add distance learning to their curriculum or they run the risk of closing and losing out to colleges who do. Those colleges offering traditional and distance learning are known as brick and click colleges. In the 21st century there will be a need for checks and balances or quality control if education is to do its job of educating society. A challenge lays at the college portals, be it click, brick, or brick and click

The French Navy: Friend or Rival

An analysis of French naval power reveals a unique set of similarities between French and U.S. Navy strategic commitments and requirements. Conversely, certain elements of French naval power not only compete with, but potentially threaten, U.S. economic and political interests. Is the French Navy a friend or a rival? Is some form of strategic marriage a possibility for the navies of the United States and France, or will French naval power evolve to threaten U.S. national interests, requiring an even greater arm\u27s length policy and wary competition