Can perineal tear be predicted by severity of striae gravidarum score?

Background: The objective of this study was to wether perineal tear predicted by scoring of severity of striae gravidarum. The objective of this study was to predict perineal tear by simple non-invasive method and help to prevent maternal morbidity.Methods: Three hundred ninety four patients delivered normally were included in this study. Striae gravidarum score was assessed using the Atwal numerical scoring system. The association was examined between striae and perineal tear as the outcome measure, defined by tears or laceration, and the total striae scores (TSS) was obtained.Results: In present study population mean age was 25.16 years ranging from 16-40 , mean gravidity was 2.16 ranging from 1 -8 ,average baby birth weight was 2.713 kg ranging from  1.62-4.58 The only predictors of perineal tears that were found to be statistically significant in our study were severity of striae gravidarum and episiotomy given or not. In patients with moderate to severe striae there was tear in 90 patients as compared to 29 patients with no or mild striae. 224 patients belonging to no or mild striae group delivered without any perineal tear whereas 51 patients in moderate to severe striae group delivered without tear. Out of these 51 patients 5 were given episiotomy. 2 patients who were given episiotomy had perineal tear as compared to 117 patients who were not given episiotomy. This shows that patients who had an episiotomy were less likely to have perineal tear in most cases.Conclusions: This study demonstrates a significant relation between severity of striae gravidarum and perineal tear. The findings suggest that striae gravidarum assessment may be used in the clinical setting even by paramedical staff as a simple and noninvasive tool to better define women at risk for perineal tear

Program Synthesis using Natural Language

Interacting with computers is a ubiquitous activity for millions of people. Repetitive or specialized tasks often require creation of small, often one-off, programs. End-users struggle with learning and using the myriad of domain-specific languages (DSLs) to effectively accomplish these tasks. We present a general framework for constructing program synthesizers that take natural language (NL) inputs and produce expressions in a target DSL. The framework takes as input a DSL definition and training data consisting of NL/DSL pairs. From these it constructs a synthesizer by learning optimal weights and classifiers (using NLP features) that rank the outputs of a keyword-programming based translation. We applied our framework to three domains: repetitive text editing, an intelligent tutoring system, and flight information queries. On 1200+ English descriptions, the respective synthesizers rank the desired program as the top-1 and top-3 for 80% and 90% descriptions respectively

A study of effect of intra umbilical oxytocin in active management of third stage of labour

Background: Postpartum haemorrhage is a single major and leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. PPH is the loss of more than 500 ml blood following vaginal delivery or 1000 ml blood following caesarean section. India has a maternal mortality ratio of 167 per 1 lakh live births. The most common cause of maternal mortality is haemorrhage which accounts for 25-30% of maternal mortality of which PPH is a significant cause. Methods: 200 patients were included in this prospective observational study and divided into two groups, group A, underwent only active management of third stage of labour and group B received intra umbilical oxytocin administration in addition to AMTSL. The maternal and neonatal outcome was observed between the two and the difference was noted. Results: Mean duration of third stage of labour of group A patients was 3.89±0.89 minutes and Mean blood loss was 386±85.30 ml and that of group B patients was 1.96±0.68 minutes and 235±72.99 ml respectively. These were found to be statistically significant among all the other parameters. Conclusions: The duration of third stage of labour and the amount of postpartum blood loss was significantly less when intra umbilical injection of oxytocin was used in addition to AMTSL. So, to conclude intra umbilical vein oxytocin injection should be used routinely in addition to AMTSL in order to prevent PPH

Feature Extraction and Classification Techniques for Speech Recognition: A Review

Abstract — Speech is the most natural form of human communication and speech processing has been one of the most inspiring expanses of signal processing. Speech recognition is the process of automatically recognizing the spoken words of person based on information in speech signal. Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) system takes a human speech utterance as an input and requites a string of words as output. This paper introduce a brief survey on Automatic Speech Recognition and discuss the major subjects and improvements made in the past 60 years of research, that provides technological outlook and a respect of the fundamental achievement that has been accomplished in this important area of speech communication. Definition of various types of speech classes, feature extraction techniques, speech classifiers and performance evaluation are issues that requires attention in designing of speech recognition system. The objective of this review paper is to summarize some of the well known methods used in several stage of speech recognition system

Persistent mullerian duct syndrome in a patient with bilateral cryptorchid testes with seminoma

Persistent mullerian duct syndrome (PMDS) is a rare form of male pseudohermaphroditism in which mullerian duct derivatives are present in an otherwise normally differentiated 46 XY male. We report a case of a 33-year-old male with PMDS operated for postchemotherapy seminoma. A diagnosis of PMDS was made on subsequent histopathological evaluation

African-American Lay Pastoral Care Facilitators’ Perspectives on Dementia Caregiver Education and Training

The African-American Alzheimer’s Caregiver Training and Support Project 2 (ACTS 2) is a faith-integrated, skills-training and support program for distressed African American family caregivers of persons living with dementia across Florida. Caregivers participate in a 12-week, telephone-based, skills-building and support program led by faith community workers (i.e., lay pastoral care facilitators) who provide volunteer services to their denominations. In this case study, we examined facilitators’ perspectives and recommendations for supplementary audiovisual and written training materials to optimize group process and goal-setting skills. Utilizing a qualitative approach, we explored facilitators’ needs, experiences in using current training materials, and recommendations for supplementary education. Data were collected through a telephone-based, focus group interview with nine ACTS 2 facilitators deploying grounded theory techniques. We identified six themes: personal reflections on facilitator roles and responsibilities, satisfaction with existing written materials, desire for supplementary audiovisual training materials, desire for additional training on data management and reporting, importance of peer support, and fostering a faith-integrated culture within the program. Our findings underscore the importance of engaging African American faith communities in fostering dementia caregiving skills training and support. We further highlight the implications of providing community-based training for African American facilitators to foster caregiver emotional well-being and physical health