Stężenia adropiny i albuminy modyfikowanej niedokrwieniem w surowicy w zależności od występowania zespołu policystycznych jajników i wartości BMI

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and body mass index (BMI) on serum adropin and ischemia modified albumin (IMA) levels. Materials and methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was performed with a total of 120 women [group1; non-PCOS = 60 (BMI < 25 = 30, BMI ≥25 = 30) and group 2; PCOS = 60 (BMI < 25 = 30, BMI ≥25 = 30)]. Blood samples were collected between the third and fifth days of the women’s menstrual cycles after a night of fasting. Results: There were no differences between the groups in relation to age, basal follicle stimulating hormone, estradiol, thyroid stimulating hormone, prolactin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels, systolic and diastolic blood pressures. A significant difference was found in basal luteinizing hormone, fasting glucose, insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, free testosterone levels, waist-to-hip ratios and the Ferriman-Gallwey scores between the PCOS and non-PCOS patients in the lean and overweight groups (p < 0.05). The serum adropin levels in the lean PCOS group were lower than in the lean non-PCOS group (p < 0.05) and were lower in the overweight PCOS group than in the overweight non-PCOS group (p < 0.05). There was also a statistically significant difference in serum IMA levels in the PCOS group than in the non-PCOS group in both the lean and overweight groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Although serum adropin levels were significantly decreased in the PCOS group, IMA levels increased. Further studies are needed to determine the effects of adropin and IMA in women with PCOS and to use a new marker to monitorize treatment outcomes. Wstęp: Badanie przeprowadzono w celu oceny wpływu zespołu policystycznych jajników (polycystic ovary syndrome, PCOS) i wskaźnika masy ciała (body mass index, BMI) na surowicze stężenia adropiny i albumin modyfikowanej niedokrwieniem (ischemia modified albumin, IMA). Materiał i metody: To prospektywne badanie przekrojowe obejmowało 120 kobiet [grupa 1: osoby bez PCOS — n= 60 (BMI &lt; 25 — n= 30; BMI ≥ 25 — n = 30) oraz grupa 2: osoby z PCOS — n= 60 (BMI &lt; 25 — n= 30, BMI ≥ 25 —n = 30)]. Próbki krwi pobierano między trzecim a piątym dniem cyklu menstruacyjnego badanych kobiet, rano na czczo. Wyniki: Grupy nie różniły się pod względem wieku, podstawowego stężenia hormonu folikulotropowego, stężeń estradiolu, tyreotropiny, prolaktyny, cholesterol frakcji HDL, testosteronu całkowitego i siarczanu dehydroepiandrosteronu ani skurczowego i rozkurczowego ciśnienia tętniczego. Stwierdzono natomiast istotne różnice między grupą z PCOS i bez PCOS w podgrupach osób szczupłych i otyłych w zakresie podstawowego stężenia hormonu luteinizującego, glikemii na czczo, wskaźnika insulinooporności w modelu homeostazy, stężeń cholesterolu całkowitego, cholesterolu frakcji LDL, triglicerydów i wolnego testosteronu, a także wskaźnika talia-biodra oraz oceny w skali Ferrimana-Gallweya (P &lt; 0,05). Stężenia adropiny w osoczu były niższe w grupie szczupłych kobiet z PCOS niż u szczupłych osób niechorujących na PCOS (P &lt; 0,05) oraz były niższe u otyłych osób z PCOS niż u otyłych osób z grupy bez PCOS (P &lt; 0,05). Stwierdzono również statystycznie istotną różnice w stężeniach IMA w surowicy między kobietami z PCOS i bez PCOS, zarówno w podgrupie osób szczupłych, jak i otyłych (P &lt; 0,05). Wnioski: Mimo że surowicze stężenia adropiny były istotnie niższe w grupie z PCOS, stężenia IMA były podwyższone w tej grupie badanych. Konieczne są dalsze badania w celu określenia wpływu adropiny i IMA u kobiet z PCOS i stosowanie nowych wskaźników do monitorowania efektów leczenia

The effects of streptozotocin-induced diabetes on ghrelin expression in rat testis: biochemical and immunohistochemical study

Introduction. Ghrelin is a hormone which has effects on the secretion of growth hormone, gastrointestinal system, cardiovascular system, cell proliferation and reproductive system. The present study we focused on the relation between ghrelin and GHS-R1a gene expression and the regulation of their expression in the testes of diabetic rats. Material and methods. 40 male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: control, and sampled 4, 8 and 12 weeks after induction of diabetes by streptozotocin (STZ) intraperitoneal injection (40 mg/kg). The rats were decapitated under ketamine anesthesia and their testes were removed. Blood was obtained from heart and serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone levels were measured by ELISA. Tissue ghrelin and GHS-R mRNA levels were determined by qRT-PCR, while ghrelin protein expression was studied by immunohistochemistry. Histopathological damage scores were also assessed. Results. Eight weeks after diabetes induction serum FSH level was increased, whereas LH and testosterone concentrations decreased. The ghrelin and GHS-R1a gene expression and ghrelin immunohistochemistry score first tended to increase after first four weeks of diabetes, and then tended to decrease. Ghrelin-immunopositive cells were detected in Leydig cells in all groups of rats, however, not in the germinal epithelium. Congestion of vessels and hemorrhage, formation of the vacuoles in spermatogonia and spermatocytes, desquamation of spermatids in the lumen and disorganization of seminiferous tubule germinal epithelium were observed in testis of all the diabetic rats. In addition, mean testicular biopsy score and mean seminiferous tubule diameter were getting lower in diabetic animals. Conclusion. Our results suggest that diabetes affects ghrelin expression in rat testis.

Computed tomography as a predictor of the extent of the disease and surgical outcomes in ovarian cancer

Objectives: The aim of the present study is to determine the predictive value of Computed Tomography (CT), alone or in combination with serum CA-125 levels, for preoperative staging, detection of the extent of the disease, and surgical complications in patients with ovarian carcinoma. Material and methods: One hundred and fourteen patients diagnosed with ovarian carcinoma following an exploratory laparotomy with a preoperative CT scan, performed between January 2007 and June 2013, were enrolled in the study. Preoperative CT and intraoperative surgical findings were compared using 14 parameters and predictions of CT for gas­trointestinal, genitourinary, and cardiovascular complications. All radiological features and clinical characteristics were analyzed statistically. Results: CT and surgical findings correlated (sensitivity/ specificity) as follows: uterine and tubal spread (66%/89%), cervical involvement (100%/80%), peritoneal nodulesincreased density-carcinomatosis (57%/93%), omental involvement (68%/95%), retroperitoneal involvement (25%/84%), ascites (85%/87%), perirectal and perivesical fat plan obliteration (43%/94%), liver metastasis (50%/91%), small and large bowel involvement (47%/95%), adnexal mass (94%/70%), and other metastases (47%/86%). Also, CT findings were found to be statistically insignificant for prediction of mesenteric involvement, bladder metastasis, and diaphragmatic involvement. The overall CT sensitivity and specificity at detecting intraoperative findings was 91% and 71%, respectively. We found a statistically significant correlation between intestinal involvement on CT and the necessity of additional surgical procedures. Conclusions: CT is a widely used imaging method in the preoperative evaluation of ovarian cancer. However, its predictive value, sensitivity and specificity differ, depending on the anatomical region

Comparison of serum adiponectin and osteopontin levels along with metabolic risk factors between obese and lean women with and without PCOS

Introduction: The objective of this study was to investigate the possible relation between serum adiponectin and osteopontin levels as metabolic risk markers among women with different polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) phenotypes. Material and methods: In a University Hospital setting PCOS patients diagnosed according to Rotterdam Consensus Conference criteria with body mass index (BMI) between 18 and 35 were recruited. Results: Overall, 57 PCOS patients and 57 age- and BMI-matched healthy controls were included in the study. Luteinising hormone (LH) to follicle-stimulating hormone FSH ratio (LH/FSH), free androgen index (FAI), and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS-S) was found to be significantly higher in women with PCOS. There was significant interaction between PCOS status and obesity for serum adiponectin levels. Although mean adiponectin and osteopontin levels were similar among cases and controls, a further two-way ANOVA comparison within lean and obese subgroups revealed adiponectin to be significantly lower in lean PCOS women than in lean controls. LH/FSH ratio and adiponectin levels were all found to differ between lean counterparts; however, they did not show any correlation with metabolic markers [cholesterol, homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) or C-reactive protein (CRP) levels] in overall lean women or in the lean PCOS subgroup. Conclusion: Serum adiponectin levels in lean PCOS women were significantly lower than those in lean controls. On the other hand, mean adiponectin and osteopontin levels were similar in PCOS cases and controls overall

Serum vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM1) level is elevated in colorectal cancer regardless of the tumor stage

Purpose: Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein, which is expressed on endothelium and plays role in inflammation. It is over-expressed on colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and plays role in metastasis development and angiogenesis. We aimed to compare serum VCAM1 levels of CRC patients with heathy controls and evaluate its relationship with clinicopathological parameters, treatment response and overall survival (OS).Methods: The study enrolled 111 patients with histopathologically confirmed CRC followed-up in our clinic and 30 sex- and age-matched healthy controls. Pre-treatment serum VCAM1 levels were determined by the solid-phase sandwich ELISA method.Results: Metastatic disease was present in 57 patients. Forty percent of 40 metastatic patients receiving systemic therapy had partial or complete response. The median serum VCAM1 level was significantly higher in CRC patients than controls (p&lt;0.001). In addition, serum VCAM1 level was significantly higher in diabetic CRC patients than those without diabetes (p = 0.03). There was no significant relationship between VCAM1 and other clinicopathological parameters including stage and response to systemic therapy. The median follow-up period was 12 (±8.2) months. Twenty patients were dead at the time of analysis. The presence of metastasis (p &lt; 0.001) and elevated CEA level (p &lt; 0.001) were factors affecting OS significantly. However, serum VCAM1 did not have a significant impact on OS (p = 0.55).Conclusion: Serum VCAM1 level is significantly elevated in CRC patients regardless of the tumor stage. However, it has no prognostic or predictive role for response to systemic therapy

Geostatistical Approach for Spatial Interpolation of Meteorological Data

ABSTRACT Meteorological data are used in many studies, especially in planning, disaster management, water resources management, hydrology, agriculture and environment. Analyzing changes in meteorological variables is very important to understand a climate system and minimize the adverse effects of the climate changes. One of the main issues in meteorological analysis is the interpolation of spatial data. In recent years, with the developments in Geographical Information System (GIS) technology, the statistical methods have been integrated with GIS and geostatistical methods have constituted a strong alternative to deterministic methods in the interpolation and analysis of the spatial data. In this study; spatial distribution of precipitation and temperature of the Aegean Region in Turkey for years 1975, 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2010 were obtained by the Ordinary Kriging method which is one of the geostatistical interpolation methods, the changes realized in 5-year periods were determined and the results were statistically examined using cell and multivariate statistics. The results of this study show that it is necessary to pay attention to climate change in the precipitation regime of the Aegean Region. This study also demonstrates the usefulness of the geostatistical approach in meteorological studies

Coagulation tests show significant differences in patients with breast cancer

Activated coagulation and fibrinolytic system in cancer patients is associated with tumor stroma formation and metastasis in different cancer types. The aim of this study is to explore the correlation of blood coagulation assays for various clinicopathologic factors in breast cancer patients. A total of 123 female breast cancer patients were enrolled into the study. All the patients were treatment na 50 years) was associated with higher D-dimer levels (p = 0.003). Metastatic patients exhibited significantly higher D-dimer values when compared with early breast cancer patients (p = 0.049). Advanced tumor stage (T3 and T4) was associated with higher INR (p = 0.05) and lower PTA (p = 0.025). In conclusion, coagulation tests show significant differences in patients with breast cancer

The impact of uterine adenomyosis on the histopathological risk factors and survival in patients with endometrial adenocarcinoma

A retrospective cohort study was performed on patients diagnosed with endometrial adenocarcinoma (EC) during a 9-year period to investigate the impact of co-existing adenomyosis on patients with EC. Group A included women with EC and adenomyosis and Group B EC cases without the presence of adenomyosis. Group A was more likely to have early-stage disease, tumours without deep myometrial invasion, low-grade tumours and tumours with negative lymphovascular space invasion when compared to Group B (p = 0.012, p = 0.004, p < 0.001, p = 0.02). There were no statistically significant difference between Group A and Group B for lymph node metastasis (p = 0.064). There was no significant relation between the adenomyosis and survival outcomes in the multivariant analysis (p = 0.437). As a conclusion, patients with adenomyosis were more likely to accompany good histopathologic prognostic factors. Multivariate analysis showed no significant effect of adenomyosis on recurrence and survival parameters.IMPACT STATEMENT What is already known on this subject? Adenomyosis is one of the most common accompanying benign histopathological findings of type 1 endometrial carcinomas (EC). Adenomyosis comprises some characteristics similar to malignant tumours, such as invasion, abnormal tissue growth and angiogenesis. Despite concerns have arisen due to both their high incidence and similar molecular links, the possible relation between EC and adenomyosis is still not well grounded. What the results of this study add? We presented a 9-year period retrospective cohort of a tertiary referring single centre and evaluated the prognostic effect of adenomyosis in patients with EC as well as the survival outcomes of these patients. The co-occurrence of adenomyosis was more likely to accompany early-stage (stages 1–2) disease, low-grade tumours (grades 1–2) and tumours with negative LVSI in patients with EC. However, multivariate and survival analysis showed no significant effect of adenomyosis on recurrence and survival parameters. What the implications are of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Based on these findings, we suggest that the presence of adenomyosis should not be considered as a prognostic factor in EC. Our results support the overriding opinion about the prognostic value of co-occurrence of adenomyosis and EC. However, further studies exploring the molecular and genomic markers in these two groups are needed to uncover the exact relation of adenomyosis on the prognosis of EC

2-Chlorobenzoylthiourea-modified MCM-41 for Drug Delivery

Mesoporous 2-Chlorobenzoylthiourea-modified MCM-41 was prepared and loaded with ibuprofen in a supercritical carbon dioxide (sC-CO2) environment. 2-chloro-benzoythiourea modified MCM-41 was prepared and also characterized via XRD, FT-IR, SEM and BET techniques. The (100) and (110) reflections observed at low angle XRD show the mesoporous SiO2 structure. The paticule size of non-uniform spheres were observed at a range of 250-305 nm. BET surface areas were calculated as 1506 m2 / g for MCM-41 and 306 m2/g 2-chloro-benzoythiourea modified MCM-4, respectively. The absorption and releasing studies of ibuprofen were caried out in simulated body fluid. The result revealed that high adsorption capacity for drug with 2-chloro-benzoythiourea modified MCM-41 and slower drug release rate was achieved