The pattern of pregnancy weight gain in prenatal care centers in Borujen 1999-2002

زمینه و هدف: از تغییرات مهم دوران بارداری، افزایش وزن زن باردار می باشد. وزن گیری زیاد زن باردار باعث چاقی او بعد از زایمان و عوارض بعدی خواهد شد. از طرف دیگر وزن گیری ناکافی او نیز با عوارضی همچون تأخیر رشد داخل رحمی جنین و وزن کم هنگام تولد نوزاد همراه خواهد بود. لذا تعیین الگوی افزایش وزن زنان باردار ضروری به نظر می رسد. این پژوهش به بررسی الگوی افزایش وزن (میزان و روند آن) در زنان باردار مراجعه کننده به مراکز بهداشتی درمانی شهرستان بروجن طی سال های 81-78 پرداخته است. روش مطالعه: با استفاده از پرسشنامه و بر اساس پرونده های موجود در مراکز بهداشتی، اطلاعات مربوط به میزان و روند افزایش وزن 678 نفر از زنان باردار با حاملگی یک قلویی طبیعی که شاخص توده بدنی Body Mass Index=BMI قبل از بارداری آنها در پرونده ثبت شده بود جمع آوری شد. نمونه ها بر اساس BMI به چهار گروه کم وزن (8/19BMI)، وزن بالا (29-26BMI>) و چاق )29BMI>) تقسیم شدند. نتایج: بر اساس نتایج، در کل نمونه‌ها متوسط افزایش وزن بارداری 4/11 کیلوگرم بود. متوسط افزایش وزن در زنان با وزن طبیعی و وزن بالا به ترتیب 5/11 و3/10 کیلو گرم بود که در طیف پیشنهادی IOM Institute Of Medecine= قرار دارد. نمودار افزایش وزن بین ماههای چهارم تا پنجم افزایش خطی بود، ولی در ماه های هشتم و نهم کا هش یافت. در حالی که متوسط افزایش وزن‌ سه ماهه سوم نسبت به سه ماهه دوم بیشتر بود. لذا بنظر می رسد رسم نمودار برای تعیین روند افزایش وزن بارداری منا سب ترباشد. نتیجه گیری: بر همین اساس توصیه می شود در مرا قبت های دوران بارداری برای کنترل نحوه وزن گیری زنان باردار علاوه بر تعیین این میزان بر اساس جدول IOM برای هر زن باردار بطور انفرادی نمودار افزایش وزن ترسیم گردد

Severity of Striae Gravidarum and its relationship with perineal trauma and vaginal lacerations during vaginal delivery of pregnant women referred to Hajar Hospital of Shahr-e-Kord in 2010-2011

Background and Objective: Striae Gravidarum found during pregnancy may be an indicative of poor skin elasticity and may prone to tearing perineal and vaginal tissues during vaginal delivery. The aim of this study was to determine relationship between striae gravidarum and perineal trauma and vaginal lacerations in women referred to Hajar Hospital Labor Ward in Shahr-e kord city. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 587 women who referred to Hajar Hospital Labor Ward for vaginal delivery in 2010-2011. The study was conducted within the first and second stages of labor. Data was collected by using interviews, hospital files and physical examinations. Descriptive statistics and chi square test, t- student test, one-way ANOVA and step-wise multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the collected data. Results: 82.8 percent of the participants developed stretch marks.14.5 percent of the pregnant women in this study experienced vaginal and perineal tears. There was a significant association of vaginal and perineal tears with conduction anesthesia (P0.05). Conclusion: Patients with breast striae gravidarum are at a higher risk of vaginal and perineal lacerations at the time of vaginal delivery. This finding suggests that midwives and obstetricians consider beast striae gravidarum score as a simple and non- invasive tool for assessment of vaginal and perineal lacerations in management of women during vaginal delivery

The quality of mental health status in pregnancy and it's contributing factors on women visiting the health care centers of Shahrekord,(2001-2002)

Abstract There are many psychological and physiological changes during pregnancy and postpartum periods that are sometimes they become pathologic. Thus, it is necessary for a medical team to identify those patients and their families who have a predisposition to mental disorders and to guide them through this period. Aimed at assessing the prevalence and predisposing factors of mental disorders during pregnancy, an analytical-descriptive and cross-sectional study was performed on 267 pregnant women. The data were

Correlation of serum adiponectin level with some biochemical and metabolic factors in stable hemodialysis patients

Introduction: Serum adiponectin is a hormone secreted by the adipose tissue and its level usually increases in patients with renal insufficiency. In uremic condition, it not only loses its protective role against atherosclerosis, but also becomes a risk factor. This hormone is a direct predictor of cardiovascular complications in patients with renal failure. Objectives: This study was designed to assess the association between serum adiponectin with various parameters in in a group of non-diabetic hemodialysis patients. Patients and Methods: In this study, 73 hemodialysis non-diabetic patients were selected and fasting blood samples were taken to measure adiponectin and some other biochemical parameters. Waist circumference, abdominal circumference, weight and body mass index (BMI) were measured. Pearson statistical test was used to find the association between adiponectin and mentioned parameters. Results: Adiponectin level was negatively and significantly associated with weight (P<0.001), BMI (P<0.001), waist circumference (P<0.05), abdominal circumference (P<0.01), and triglycerides (P<0.01). Conclusion: According to the results of our study, serum adiponectin level in hemodialysis patients was negatively associated with weight and BMI which indicates the likely effect of the hormone. As a result, finding of exact connections between this cytokines and the risk factors of atherosclerosis and hypercatabolism may help to introduce serum adiponectin as a measurable and important marker for atherosclerosis and may be used as an index for prognosis of mortality in this type of patients. Keywords: Adiponectin, Kidney failure, Hemodialysis Please cite this paper as: Tamadon MR, Heidari M, Dris F, Mardani S. Correlation of serum adiponectin level with some biochemical and metabolic factors in stable hemodialysis patients. J Parathyr Dis 2015;3(1):20-24. Copyright © 2015 The Author(s); Published by Nickan Research Institute. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

Comparison of perineal repair techniques of continuous and standard interrupted suturing in normal vaginal delivery

Background and aim: Post-delivery surgical repair of the perineal region is frequently associated with pain and discomfort. The surgical technique may play a role in the intensity of pain and the wound healing process. This study was conducted to compare the influence of applying standard continuous versus interrupted suturing on pain sensation and the frequency of wound infection following episiotomy. Methods: In a randomized double blind clinical trial, 148 healthy women with normal vaginal delivery and sustained episiotomy were studied in the Hajar hospital, Shahrekord. In one group, perineal muscles, fascia and skin tissues were repaired with continuous non-locking sutures. Standard interrupted locking suturing was applied for the next group. Pain feeling and wound infection were evaluated at 2 hours, 10th and 40th days of post-delivery by Visual Analog Scale and the signs of discoloration of skin, edema, purulent discharge, and wound dehiscence, respectively. Data were analyzed by t-student, X2 and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: Pain intensity, the amount of consumed suturing material and the allocated time were less in the cases with continuous suturing (P<0.001). The mean of pain intensity was 2.66±2.5 versus 3.84±2.56 and 0.53±1.63 versus 0.6±1.04 at 10th and 40th days after delivery in continuous and standard interrupted suturing groups, respectively (P<0.05). Signs of wound infection were observed only in 4 cases (12.5%), all of which belonged to the standard interrupted suturing group. There was a statistically significant inter-group difference in terms of the frequency of observed wound infection (P<0.05). Conclusions: The pain intensity and the chance of wound infection is less in continuous suturing of episiotomy wounds. It also is a safer and more cost-effective method as it lowers the bedding time of the mother and needs for surgical material

Intensive Care Nurses' Knowledge of Radiation Safety and Their Behaviors Towards Portable Radiological Examinations

Background: Radiological examinations for patients who are hospitalized at intensive care units are usually performed using portable radiography devices. However they may require knowledge and safety precautions of nurses. Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate ICU nurses’ knowledge of radiation safety and their behaviors towards portable radiological examinations. Materials and Methods: In total, 44 intensive care nurses were recruited for this cross-sectional descriptive study using census sampling during April and May 2014. The study setting was at intensive care units of Shahid Beheshti Hospital of Kashan, Iran. An eleven-item questionnaire and a five-item checklist were used for evaluating nurses’ radiation protection knowledge and behaviors, respectively. An expert panel consisting of ten nursing and radiology faculty members confirmed the content validity of the questionnaire and the checklist. Moreover, a Geiger-Müller counter was used for measuring ionizing radiation during portable radiological examinations. Study data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 13.0. Mean, standard deviation, frequency and one-sample t test were used for description of the data. The level of significance was set at below 0.05. Results: The mean of participants’ radiation protection knowledge was 4.77 ± 1.38. The most prevalent radiation protection behavior of nurses was leaving the intensive care unit during portable radiological examinations. Only 6.8% of nurses stayed at the nursing station during radiological examinations. The highest dose of radiation was 0.11 micro Sievert per hour (μSv/h), which was much lower than the highest permitted level of radiation exposure i.e. 0.25 μSv/h. Conclusions: Portable radiological examinations did not expose healthcare providers to high doses of ionizing radiation. Nurses’ radiation protection knowledge was limited and hence, they require in-service education programs

Maternal and fetal causes of first cesarean section in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, 1997

جهت تعیین علل مادری و جنینی سزارین بار اول، یک مطالعه توصیفی گذشته نگر در سال 1376 انجام گرفته است. بطور کلی 1819 مورد سزارین بار اول در چهار بیمارستان این استان انجام شده است. ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات پرسشنامه بوده که با استفاده از پرونده بیماران تکمیل شده است. متغیرهای سن، شغل، میزان تحصیلات، تعداد حاملگی، نوع زایمان قبلی و علت سزارین اندازه گیری شده اند. جهت تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات از روش آمار توصیفی استفاده شده است. نتایج نشان می دهد که شایعترین علت سزارین در این استان زجر جنین بوده است (24.8). بعد از آن عدم تطابق سر جنین با لگن مادر (15.7) و عدم پیشرفت زایمان (12.5) می باشد. باتوجه به مخاطره آمیز بودن عمل سزارین نسبت به زایمان واژینال لازم است تلاش هایی در جهت کاهش میزان شیوع آن صورت گیرد

Study of barriers to preparation, administration and utilization of research findings from viewpoints of faculty members and active experts in research area in Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences

زمینه و هدف: پژوهش از عناصر کلیدی در توسعه ی هر کشور است و در صورتی که به درستی به آن پرداخته نشود، موجب اتلاف منابع مادی و انسانی خواهد شد. این مطالعه با هدف تعیین موانع موجود بر کاربست پژوهش از دیدگاه فعالان حوزه ی پژوهش اجرا گردید. روش بررسی: مطالعه ی مقطعی حاضر در سال 1393 بر روی 102 نفر از افراد فعال در حوزه ی پژوهش و به صورت نمونه گیری هدفمند انجام شد. ابزار گردآوری داده ها پرسشنامه ی محقق ساخته ی دو بخشی بود که به ارزیابی اطلاعات شخصی و موانع موجود در کاربست پژوهش می پرداخت (738/0=&alpha;). پس از ورود داده ها در نرم افزار SPSS، از آمار توصیفی و تحلیلی برای تحلیل داده ها استفاده شد. یافته ها: میانگین موانع و مشکلات پیش روی کاربست پژوهش به ترتیب در حیطه ی تهیه 48/3، کاربرد نتایج 22/3 و مدیریت و اجرای طرح های تحقیقاتی 91/2 بوده است. میانگین نمره ی موانع کاربست پژوهش در حیطه ی مدیریت و اجرا، در حوزه ی معاونت تحقیقات و فناوری به طور معنی داری از سایر معاونت ها کمتر بود (05/0&gt;P). همبستگی معنی داری میان سن و سابقه کار با نمره موانع کاربست پژوهش در 3 حیطه مذکور وجود نداشت (05/0&lt;P). نتیجه گیری: مهم ترین موانع کاربست پژوهش به ترتیب در حیطه تهیه، کاربرد نتایج و مدیریت طرح های تحقیقاتی می باشد. نتایج این مطالعه می تواند در شناسایی و رفع موانع مربوط به کاربست پژوهش در دستور کار سیاست گزاران و برنامه ریزان قرار گیرد

The effect of occupational therapy on some aspects of quality of life in schizophrenic patients

چکیده: زمینه و هدف: بیماری اسکیزوفرنیا شدیدترین و مزمن شونده ترین بیماری روانپزشکی است که با اختلال در تواناییهای اجتماعی و شغلی همراه است. کار درمانی باعث افزایش اعتماد به نفس، خودسازی و تقویت رفتارهای کاری در بیمار می شود. این پژوهش با هدف تعیین تاثیر کاردرمانی بر ابعاد مختلف کیفیت زندگی بیماران اسکیزوفرنیک مزمن بستری در بیمارستان سینا انجام شده است. روش بررسی: این پژوهش یک مطالعه کار آزمایی بالینی است که ابتدا بیماران اسکیزوفرن مزمن بستری در بیمارستان سینای فارسان در استان چهارمحال و بختیاری بصورت سرشماری انتخاب و کیفیت زندگی آنان بوسیله پرسشنامه کیفیت زندگی بررسی و سپس بیماران بصورت تصادفی به دو گروه مورد (32 نفر) و شاهد (30 نفر) تقسیم گردیدند. کاردرمانی به مدت 20 ساعت در هفته در طی 6 ماه برای گروه مورد اجرا شد. بعد از اجرای کاردرمانی مجدداً کیفیت زندگی بیماران بررسی و اطلاعات با استفاده از آمار توصیفی و استنباطی (t مستقل) تجزیه و تحلیل شد. یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد در بدو مطالعه، تفاوت معنی داری بین میانگین نمره کیفیت زندگی گروه مورد و شاهد، وجود نداشت، بعد از مطالعه این تفاوت در حیطه انگیزه و انرژی و نمره کل کیفیت زندگی بین گروه مورد و شاهد معنی دار بود (001/0

Anti-amnesic activity of Citrus aurantium flowers extract against scopolamine-induced memory impairments in rats

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurological disorder that mostly affects the elderly population. Learning and memory impairment as the most characteristic manifestation of dementia could be induced chemically by scopolamine, a cholinergic antagonist. Cholinergic neurotransmission mediated brain oxidative stress. Citrus aurantium (CA) has traditionally been used for the treatment of insomnia, anxiety and epilepsy. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of Citrus aurantium on scopolamine-induced learning and memory deficit in rats. Forty-two Wistar rats were divided into six equal groups. (1) Control (received saline), (2) SCOP (scopolamine at a dose of 1 mg/kg for 15 days), (3) and (4) SCOP + CA (scopolamine and CA extract at doses of 300 and 600 mg/kg per day for 15 days), (5) and (6) intact groups (CA extract at 300 and 600 mg/kg per day for 15 days, respectively). Administration of CA flower extract significantly restored memory and learning impairments induced by scopolamine in the passive avoidance test and also reduced escape latency during trial sessions in the Morris water maze test. Citrus aurantium flower extract significantly decreased the serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Citrus aurantium flower extract has repairing effects on memory and behavioral disorders produced by scopolamine and may have beneficial effects in the treatment of AD