1 research outputs found
TLR4 genotype and environmental LPS mediate RSV bronchiolitis through Th2 polarization
While 30%-70% of RSV-infected infants develop bronchiolitis, 2% require hospitalization. It is not clear why disease severity differs among healthy, full-term infants; however, virus titers, inflammation, and Th2 bias are proposed explanations. While TLR4 is associated with these disease phenotypes, the role of this receptor in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) pathogenesis is controversial. Here, we evaluated the interaction between TLR4 and environmental factors in RSV disease and defined the immune mediators associated with severe illness. Two independent populations of infants with RSV bronchiolitis revealed that the severity of RSV infection is determined by the TLR4 genotype of the individual and by environmental exposure to LPS. RSV-infected infants with severe disease exhibited a high GATA3/T-bet ratio, which manifested as a high IL-4/IFN-纬 ratio in respiratory secretions. The IL-4/IFN-纬 ratio present in infants with severe RSV is indicative of Th2 polarization. Murine models of RSV infection confirmed that LPS exposure, Tlr4 genotype, and Th2 polarization influence disease phenotypes. Together, the results of this study identify environmental and genetic factors that influence RSV pathogenesis and reveal that a high IL-4/IFN-纬 ratio is associated with severe disease. Moreover, these molecules should be explored as potential targets for therapeutic intervention.Fil: Caballero, Mauricio Tom谩s. Fundaci贸n para la Investigaci贸n en Infectolog铆a Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Serra, M. Elina. Fundaci贸n para la Investigaci贸n en Infectolog铆a Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Acosta, Patricio Leandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas; Argentina. Fundaci贸n para la Investigaci贸n en Infectolog铆a Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Marzec, Jacqui. Instituto de Efectividad Cl铆nica y Sanitaria; ArgentinaFil: Gibbons, Luz. Institute For Clinical Effectiveness And Health Policy, Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Salim, Maximiliano. Hospital Evita Pueblo; Argentina. Fundaci贸n para la Investigaci贸n en Infectolog铆a Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, Andrea. Hospital Mi Pueblo; Argentina. Fundaci贸n para la Investigaci贸n en Infectolog铆a Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Reynaldi, Andrea. Unidad Asistencial "Dr. C茅sar Milstein"; Argentina. Fundaci贸n para la Investigaci贸n en Infectolog铆a Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Garcia, Alejandro. Fundaci贸n para la Investigaci贸n en Infectolog铆a Infantil; Argentina. Unidad Asistencial "Dr. C茅sar Milstein"; ArgentinaFil: Bado, Daniela. Unidad Asistencial "Dr. C茅sar Milstein"; Argentina. Fundaci贸n para la Investigaci贸n en Infectolog铆a Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Buchholz, Ursula J.. National Institute Of Allergy And Infectious Diseases; Estados UnidosFil: Hijano, Diego Ra煤l. Fundaci贸n para la Investigaci贸n en Infectolog铆a Infantil; Argentina. Vanderbilt University; Estados UnidosFil: Coviello, Silvina Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas; Argentina. Fundaci贸n para la Investigaci贸n en Infectolog铆a Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Newcomb, Dawn. Vanderbilt University; Estados UnidosFil: Bellabarba, Miguel. Unidad Asistencial "Dr. C茅sar Milstein"; Argentina. Fundaci贸n para la Investigaci贸n en Infectolog铆a Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Ferolla, Fausto Mart铆n. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas; Argentina. Fundaci贸n para la Investigaci贸n en Infectolog铆a Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Libster, Romina Paula. Fundaci贸n para la Investigaci贸n en Infectolog铆a Infantil; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas; Argentina. Vanderbilt University; Estados UnidosFil: Berenstein, Ada. Fundaci贸n para la Investigaci贸n en Infectolog铆a Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Siniawaski, Susana. Fundaci贸n para la Investigaci贸n en Infectolog铆a Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Blumetti, Valeria. Swiss Medical Center; ArgentinaFil: Echavarr铆a, Marcela Silvia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas; Argentina. Centro de Educaci贸n Medica E Invest.clinicas; ArgentinaFil: Pinto, Leonardo. Fundaci贸n para la Investigaci贸n en Infectolog铆a Infantil; Argentina. Pontificia Universidade Cat贸lica do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Lawrence, Andrea. Vanderbilt University; Estados UnidosFil: Ossorio, Maria Fabiana. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Ni帽os Pedro Elizalde (ex Casa Cuna); ArgentinaFil: Grosman, Arnoldo. Hospital Espanol; ArgentinaFil: Mateu, Cecilia Gabriela. Fundaci贸n para la Investigaci贸n en Infectolog铆a Infantil; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Bayle, Carola. Hospital Nacional Professor Dr. Alejandro Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Dericco, Alejandra. Hospital Nacional Professor Dr. Alejandro Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Pellegrini, Mariana. Hospital Nacional Professor Dr. Alejandro Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Igarza, Ignacio. Hospital Nacional Professor Dr. Alejandro Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Repetto, Horacio A.. Hospital Nacional Professor Dr. Alejandro Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Grimaldi, Luciano Alva. Hospital Zonal General de Agudos Lucio Mel茅ndez; ArgentinaFil: Gudapati, Prathyusha. Vanderbilt University; Estados UnidosFil: Polack, Norberto R.. Unidad Asistencial "Dr. C茅sar Milstein"; Argentina. Fundaci贸n para la Investigaci贸n en Infectolog铆a Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Althabe, Fernando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas; Argentina. Instituto de Efectividad Cl铆nica y Sanitaria; ArgentinaFil: Shi, Min. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences ; Estados UnidosFil: Ferrero, Fernando Claudio. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Ni帽os Pedro Elizalde (ex Casa Cuna); ArgentinaFil: Bergel, Eduardo. Instituto de Efectividad Cl铆nica y Sanitaria; ArgentinaFil: Stein, Renato T.. Pontificia Universidade Cat贸lica do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Peebles, R. Stokes. Vanderbilt University; Estados UnidosFil: Boothby, Mark. Vanderbilt University; Estados UnidosFil: Kleeberger, Steven R.. National Institute Of Environmental Health Sciences; Estados UnidosFil: Polack, Fernando Pedro. Fundaci贸n para la Investigaci贸n en Infectolog铆a Infantil; Argentina. Vanderbilt University; Estados Unido