Significados de família sob o olhar de pais de adolescentes escolares

El objetivo fue comprender los significados de familia revelados por padres de adolescentes escolares. Investigación cualitativa llevada a cabo con nueve padres de adolescentes de escuela pública, Maranhão, Brasil. Los datos fueron colectados por entrevista no estructurada de febrero a abril de 2011 y sometidos a análisis de contenido, modalidad temática. Fueron construidos ocho temas: Estructura, valores y significados de familia; Roles/funciones de los miembros de la familia; Familia y escuela; Dinámica familiar y el proceso salud-enfermedad en la familia; Lazos afectivos y relaciones familiares; Estrategias para funcionalidad familiar; Sentimientos y red de apoyo; Adolescencia y el adolescente en la familia. Los significados de familia ultrapasaron la consanguinidad, ampliándose para lazos de amistad, solidaridad y afecto en una dinámica revelada por vínculo, diálogo, afectividad, amor y responsabilidad

Meanings of family under the perspective of parents of adolescent students

This study aimed to understand the meanings of family according to parents of adolescent students. A qualitative research conducted with nine parents of adolescents from a public school, Maranhão, Brazil. Data collection occurred through unstructured interview from February to April 2011, and were submitted to thematic content analysis. Eight themes emerged: Structure, values and meanings of family; Roles and functions of family members; Family and school; Family dynamics and the health-disease process in the family; Affective bonds and family relationships; Strategies for family functioning; Feelings and support network; Adolescence and the adolescent in the family. The meanings of family overtook consanguinity, extending to friendship, solidarity and affection in a dynamic relationship that involves dialogue, affection, love and responsibility

Hydroalcoholic Leaf Extract of <i>Punica granatum</i>, alone and in Combination with Calcium Hydroxide, Is Effective against Mono- and Polymicrobial Biofilms of <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> and <i>Candida albicans</i>

Failures in endodontic treatments are mostly associated with the difficulty in eradicating microbes of the root canal system, highlighting the need to develop novel effective antimicrobials. Punica granatum (pomegranate) leaf hydroalcoholic extract may be a potential alternative in canal dressing, owing to its antimicrobial properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of hydroalcoholic leaf extract of Punica granatum (HEPg) alone or in combination with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans in isolation and in mono- and polymicrobial biofilms. Microdilution tests in broth and assays for inhibition of biofilm formation were carried out to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of HEPg and HEPg + Ca(OH)2 against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans. The cytotoxicity of HEPg in HaCaT cells was evaluated by MTT assay. HEPg and HEPg + Ca(OH)2 exerted significant antimicrobial activity against planktonic cells and mono- and polymicrobial biofilms. The combination of Punica granatum extract with Ca(OH)2 appears to be a promising alternative in endodontic treatments, which could be tested in vivo to confirm the efficacy of this mixture in disinfecting root canal systems