PHENOLOGY, MOVEMENT, AND WITHIN-FIELD DISTRIBUTION OF THE GRAPE BERRY MOTH, ENDOPIZA VITEANA (CLEMENS) (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE), IN NEW YORK VINEYARDS

From 1976 to 1986, the average date of first male pheromone trap catch of grape berry moth was 20 May with an average degree-day (DD) accumulation (base 10 °C) of 150.1 (SE = 13.2). Fifty percent cumulative trap catch of the first generation of males averaged 334.1 (SE = 7.8) DD with an average date of 11 June. Degree-day accumulation was a more accurate method for predicting peak male trap catch than predictions based upon vine phenology and calendar date. Within-field distribution and levels of berry moth infestation were markedly affected by the surrounding habitat. Wooded edges or hedgerows were closely associated with an increase in the level of damage along vineyard borders and higher levels of overall infestation when compared with vineyards without wooded edges. Egg and larval infestation levels in wild hosts (Vitis spp.) were greater than those within adjacent commercial vineyards. Early in the season, male berry moth were trapped in high numbers in wooded areas adjacent to vineyards. After mid-July, males were trapped predominantly within vineyards and few were trapped in wooded edges. Movement of adults from wooded areas into vineyards is not suggested by observed patterns of female oviposition. Females oviposited primarily on wild hosts within the wooded areas and within the adjoining vineyard edges throughout the seaso

Grape Rootworm

NYS IPM Type: Fruits IPM Fact SheetThe grape rootworm (abbreviated GR) is a native species of leaf beetle that occurs from the Atlantic Seaboard states to North Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, and Texas. The wild hosts of this pest are grapes (Vitis spp.), Virginia creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia), and redbud (Cercis canadensis). Feeding by GR larvae (grubs) on the root system of vines can seriously damage commercial vineyards

Grape Tumid Gallmaker

NYS IPM Type: Fruits IPM Fact SheetGrape tumid galls, also called grape tomato galls, are caused by larvae of a small fly known as the grape tumid gallmaker (GTG). This pest is native to the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada. It infests only wild and cultivated grapes (Vitis spp.). Infestations are generally spotty both within vineyards and within infested vines. In the past, tumid galls were attributed to as many as five species of flies, but it is now thought that the single species Janetiefla brevicauda accounts for almost all of the damage seen in northeastern vineyards

Analyzing haplodiploid inheritance of insecticide resistance in whitefly biotypes

We developed new methods for analyzing inheritance of insecticide resistance in haplocliploid arthropods and applied them to elucidate resistance of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) to an insect growth regulator, pyriproxyfen. Two invasive biotypes of this devastating crop pest, the B biotype in Arizona and the Q biotype in Israel, have evolved resistance to pyriproxyfen. Here, we incorporated data from laboratory bioassays and crossing procedures exploiting haplodiploidy into statistical and analytical models to estimate the number of loci affecting pyriproxyfen resistance in strains of both biotypes. In tests with models of one to ten loci, the best fit between expected and observed mortality occurred with a two-locus model for the B biotype strain (QC-02) and for one- and two-locus models for the Q biotype strain (Pyri-R). The estimated minimum number of loci affecting resistance was 1.6 for the B biotype strain and 1.0 for the Q biotype strain. The methods used here can be applied to insecticide resistance and other traits in haplocliploid arthropods.Peer reviewe