83 research outputs found
Component-based Attention for Large-scale Trademark Retrieval
The demand for large-scale trademark retrieval (TR) systems has significantly
increased to combat the rise in international trademark infringement.
Unfortunately, the ranking accuracy of current approaches using either
hand-crafted or pre-trained deep convolution neural network (DCNN) features is
inadequate for large-scale deployments. We show in this paper that the ranking
accuracy of TR systems can be significantly improved by incorporating hard and
soft attention mechanisms, which direct attention to critical information such
as figurative elements and reduce attention given to distracting and
uninformative elements such as text and background. Our proposed approach
achieves state-of-the-art results on a challenging large-scale trademark
dataset.Comment: Fix typos related to authors' informatio
Isolation studies reveal a shift in the cultivable microbiome of oak affected with Acute Oak Decline
Investigating the impact of temperature on growth rate of the root rot fungus, Gymnopus fusipes
Gymnopus fusipes is an understudied root rot pathogen associated with multiple tree species and is linked to episodes of oak decline across the United Kingdom and Europe. Although the reported distribution of G. fusipes is broad, many observations rely solely on visual identification of fruiting bodies, which can be unreliable, and lack confirmation by molecular and/or isolation data to verify this broad ecological range. Given the paucity of information regarding the true ecological distribution of G. fusipes, it is difficult to predict and model the potential distribution of the species under both current and future climate scenarios. In this study, to determine the growth capabilities of G. fusipes across a range of ecologically relevant temperatures, five geographically diverse isolates of G. fusipes were grown at five different temperatures ranging from 4â37°C, to determine the optimal temperature for G. fusipes growth, and to establish whether geographically diverse isolates exhibit local adaptation to temperature tolerance. Incubation temperature had a significant effect on G. fusipes growth rate, with 25°C representing the optimum (P<0.001). Isolates had differing growth rates at each of the temperatures, with an isolate from the UK having the highest overall growth rate across all five temperatures tested (P<0.001), and at the optimum, increased by a mean value of over 4915âmm2. Local adaptation to temperature tolerance was not found in the isolates tested. These data demonstrate the optimal incubation temperature for future laboratory studies on G. fusipes and provide the first data on the growth rate of this pathogen across ecologically relevant climate ranges that may inform land managers, modellers, and policy makers in predicting the current and potentially future geographical limits of this widespread root rot pathogen.<br/
Investigating the impact of temperature on growth rate of the root rot fungus, Gymnopus fusipes
Gymnopus fusipes is an understudied root rot pathogen associated with multiple tree species and is linked to episodes of oak decline across the United Kingdom and Europe. Although the reported distribution of G. fusipes is broad, many observations rely solely on visual identification of fruiting bodies, which can be unreliable, and lack confirmation by molecular and/or isolation data to verify this broad ecological range. Given the paucity of information regarding the true ecological distribution of G. fusipes, it is difficult to predict and model the potential distribution of the species under both current and future climate scenarios. In this study, to determine the growth capabilities of G. fusipes across a range of ecologically relevant temperatures, five geographically diverse isolates of G. fusipes were grown at five different temperatures ranging from 4â37°C, to determine the optimal temperature for G. fusipes growth, and to establish whether geographically diverse isolates exhibit local adaptation to temperature tolerance. Incubation temperature had a significant effect on G. fusipes growth rate, with 25°C representing the optimum (P<0.001). Isolates had differing growth rates at each of the temperatures, with an isolate from the UK having the highest overall growth rate across all five temperatures tested (P<0.001), and at the optimum, increased by a mean value of over 4915âmm2. Local adaptation to temperature tolerance was not found in the isolates tested. These data demonstrate the optimal incubation temperature for future laboratory studies on G. fusipes and provide the first data on the growth rate of this pathogen across ecologically relevant climate ranges that may inform land managers, modellers, and policy makers in predicting the current and potentially future geographical limits of this widespread root rot pathogen.<br/
Pseudomonas kirkiae sp. nov., a novel species isolated from oak in the United Kingdom, and phylogenetic considerations of the genera Pseudomonas, Azotobacter and Azomonas
As the current episode of Acute Oak Decline (AOD) continues to affect native British oak in the United Kingdom, ongoing isola-tions from symptomatic and healthy oak have yielded a large Pseudomonas species population. These strains could be divided into taxa representing three potential novel species. Recently, two of these taxa were described as novel Pseudomonas species in the Pseudomonas fluorescens lineage. Here, we demonstrate using a polyphasic approach that the third taxon represents another novel Pseudomonas species. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing assigned the strains to the Pseudomonas aeruginosa lineage, while multilocus sequence analysis (based on partial gyrB, rpoB and rpoD sequences) placed the 13 strains in a single cluster on the border of the Pseudomonas stutzeri group. Whole genome intra-species comparisons (based on average nucleotide identity and in silico DNAâDNA hybridization) confirmed that the strains belong to a single taxon, while the inter-species comparisons with closest phylogenetic relatives yielded similarity values below the accepted species threshold. Therefore, we propose these strains as a novel species, namely Pseudomonas kirkiae sp. nov., with the type strain FRB 229T (P4CT=LMG 31089T=NCPPB 4674T). The phylogenetic analyses performed in this study highlighted the difficulties in assigning novel species to the genus Pseudomonas due to its polyphyletic nature and close relationship to the genus Azotobacter. We further propose that a thorough taxonomic re-evaluation of the genus Pseudomonas is essential and should be performed in the near future
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