Component-based Attention for Large-scale Trademark Retrieval

The demand for large-scale trademark retrieval (TR) systems has significantly increased to combat the rise in international trademark infringement. Unfortunately, the ranking accuracy of current approaches using either hand-crafted or pre-trained deep convolution neural network (DCNN) features is inadequate for large-scale deployments. We show in this paper that the ranking accuracy of TR systems can be significantly improved by incorporating hard and soft attention mechanisms, which direct attention to critical information such as figurative elements and reduce attention given to distracting and uninformative elements such as text and background. Our proposed approach achieves state-of-the-art results on a challenging large-scale trademark dataset.Comment: Fix typos related to authors' informatio

Pseudomonas kirkiae sp. nov., a novel species isolated from oak in the United Kingdom, and phylogenetic considerations of the genera Pseudomonas, Azotobacter and Azomonas

As the current episode of Acute Oak Decline (AOD) continues to affect native British oak in the United Kingdom, ongoing isola-tions from symptomatic and healthy oak have yielded a large Pseudomonas species population. These strains could be divided into taxa representing three potential novel species. Recently, two of these taxa were described as novel Pseudomonas species in the Pseudomonas fluorescens lineage. Here, we demonstrate using a polyphasic approach that the third taxon represents another novel Pseudomonas species. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing assigned the strains to the Pseudomonas aeruginosa lineage, while multilocus sequence analysis (based on partial gyrB, rpoB and rpoD sequences) placed the 13 strains in a single cluster on the border of the Pseudomonas stutzeri group. Whole genome intra-species comparisons (based on average nucleotide identity and in silico DNA–DNA hybridization) confirmed that the strains belong to a single taxon, while the inter-species comparisons with closest phylogenetic relatives yielded similarity values below the accepted species threshold. Therefore, we propose these strains as a novel species, namely Pseudomonas kirkiae sp. nov., with the type strain FRB 229T (P4CT=LMG 31089T=NCPPB 4674T). The phylogenetic analyses performed in this study highlighted the difficulties in assigning novel species to the genus Pseudomonas due to its polyphyletic nature and close relationship to the genus Azotobacter. We further propose that a thorough taxonomic re-evaluation of the genus Pseudomonas is essential and should be performed in the near future

Description of a novel species of Leclercia, Leclercia tamurae sp. nov. and proposal of a novel genus Silvania gen. nov. containing two novel species Silvania hatchlandensis sp. nov. and Silvania confinis sp. nov. isolated from the rhizosphere of oak

Background: Acute Oak Decline (AOD) is a decline disease first reported on native oaks in the UK, but in recentyears reports from further afield such as Europe and the Middle East, indicate that the distribution and host range isincreasing at an alarming rate. The stem weeping symptoms of the disease partially develop due to polymicrobialhostinteraction, caused by several members of the order Enterobacterales. While investigating the rhizosphere soil ofAOD-unaffected trees, termed ‘healthy’ trees, and diseased oaks suffering from Acute Oak Decline (AOD), an enrichmentmethod designed for enhanced recovery of Enterobacterales led to the recovery of several isolates that couldnot be classified as any existing species. These isolates showed a close relationship to the genus Leclercia, of whichboth species are of clinical importance, but the type species Leclercia adecarboxylata also displays plant growth-promotingproperties in the rhizosphere.Results: Partial sequencing of four housekeeping genes revealed similarity to the genus Leclercia with varyingdegrees of relatedness. As such a complete polyphasic approach was used to determine the true taxonomic positionof these isolates. This involved whole genome sequencing, phylogenomic analysis, phylogenetic analysis of both the16S rRNA and four housekeeping gene sequences, combined with phenotypic testing and fatty acid analysis. Boththe phylogenomic and phylogenetic analyses separated the isolates into four clusters, two of which were containedin the Leclercia clade. The remaining two clusters formed a separate lineage far removed from any currently definedspecies. Further investigation into the role of the isolates as plant growth-promoting bacteria as well as plant pathogenswas investigated computationally, revealing a number of plant growth-promoting traits as well as virulencegenes related to motility, adhesion and immune modulation.Conclusion: Based on the genotypic and phenotypic data presented here, these isolates could be differentiatedfrom each other and their closest neighbours. As such we propose the description of Leclercia tamurae sp. nov