Pengaruh Latihan Aerobik dan Senam Aerobik Low Impact terhadap Peningkatan VO2 Maks pada Siswi SMA MTA Surakarta

Background: Aerobic exercise as a complex of low to high intensity physical training that requires oxygen for a long time. As a result, there are beneficial changes that occur in the lungs, heart and blood vessel system. There are several phenomena that occur in the environment, especially the environment of high school children who live in dormitories. Starting from the school schedule and additional intensive hours, organizational activities, extracurricular activities, and boarding activities. There were many boarding school students who fell asleep in class, almost did not do sports or physical exercise in their school. If this continues to be a habit, then over time it will cause a decrease in the quality of physical fitness. So from that, physical fitness is always maintained and maintained. Physical fitness is closely related to VO2 max. One of the things that can be done to improve fitness is aerobic exercise in the form of jogging and low impact aerobics. In addition to simple and practical exercises and media needed, this exercise can be done anywhere, anytime, and does not require a large and special place. In addition, this exercise is more economical, does not require a lot of money, and is very influential in increasing VO2 Max. Objective: To find out the differences in the effect on the aerobic exercise group with the low impact aerobic exercise group on the increase in VO2 max in Surakarta MTA High School students. Research Methods: This research method uses the Quasi Experimental approach with design pre test and post test two group. The study sample was a class XI Surakarta MTA high school student aged 15-17 years. Number of 20 female students, 10 groups treated with aerobic exercise (jogging) and 10 groups treated with low impact aerobic exercise. This study was conducted for 4 weeks, carried out 3 times a week with a Bleep Test measuring instrument. Normality test data processing using shapiroilk test, homogeneity test using levene test, hypothesis I and II test using paired sample t-test, and hypothesis III test using independent sample t-test. Results: Hypothesis I test p value = 0,000 (p <0.05), in the group of aerobic exercise (jogging) increasing VO2 max. Hypothesis II test p = 0.003 (p 0.05), there was no difference in effect on the aerobic exercise group and the low impact aerobic exercise group on the increase of VO2 max in Surakarta MTA High School students. Conclusion: There was no difference in effect on the aerobic exercise group and the low impact aerobic exercise group, but aerobic exercise was more effective against the increase in VO2 max in Surakarta MTA High School female students. Suggestion: Aerobic exercise so that it is always done to increase VO2 max. Keywords: Aerobic Exercise (jogging), Low impact aerobic exercise, VO2 max, Bleep Test

Lifestyle Interventions Targeting Body Weight Changes during the Menopause Transition: A Systematic Review

Objective. To determine the effectiveness of exercise and/or nutrition interventions and to address body weight changes during the menopause transition. Methods. A systematic review of the literature was conducted using electronic databases, grey literature, and hand searching. Two independent researchers screened for studies using experimental designs to evaluate the impact of exercise and/or nutrition interventions on body weight and/or central weight gain performed during the menopausal transition. Studies were quality appraised using Cochrane risk of bias. Included studies were analyzed descriptively. Results. Of 3,564 unique citations screened, 3 studies were eligible (2 randomized controlled trials, and 1 pre/post study). Study quality ranged from low to high risk of bias. One randomized controlled trial with lower risk of bias concluded that participation in an exercise program combined with dietary interventions might mitigate body adiposity increases, which is normally observed during the menopause transition. The other two studies with higher risk of bias suggested that exercise might attenuate weight loss or weight gain and change abdominal adiposity patterns. Conclusions. High quality studies evaluating the effectiveness of interventions targeting body weight changes in women during their menopause transition are needed. Evidence from one higher quality study indicates an effective multifaceted intervention for women to minimize changes in body adiposity