5 research outputs found

    UVR8 mediates UV-B-induced Arabidopsis defense responses against Botrytis cinerea by controlling sinapate accumulation

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    Light is emerging as a central regulator of plant immune responses against herbivores and pathogens. Solar UV-B radiation plays an important role as a positive modulator of plant defense. However, since UV-B photons can interact with a wide spectrum of molecular targets in plant tissues, the mechanisms that mediate their effects on plant defense have remained elusive. Here, we show that ecologically meaningful doses of UV-B radiation increase Arabidopsis resistance to the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea and that this effect is mediated by the photoreceptor UVR8. The UV-B effect on plant resistance was conserved in mutants impaired in jasmonate (JA) signaling (jar1-1 and P35S:JAZ10.4) or metabolism of tryptophan-derived defense compounds (pen2-1, pad3-1, pen2 pad3), suggesting that neither regulation of the JA pathway nor changes in levels of indolic glucosinolates (iGS) or camalexin are involved in this response. UV-B radiation, acting through UVR8, increased the levels of flavonoids and sinapates in leaf tissue. The UV-B effect on pathogen resistance was still detectable in tt4-1, a mutant deficient in chalcone synthase and therefore impaired in the synthesis of flavonoids, but was absent in fah1-7, a mutant deficient in ferulic acid 5-hydroxylase, which is essential for sinapate biosynthesis. Collectively, these results indicate that UVR8 plays an important role in mediating the effects of UV-B radiation on pathogen resistance by controlling the expression of the sinapate biosynthetic pathway.Fil: Demkura, Patricia V茅r贸nica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Oficina de Coordinaci贸n Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiol贸gicas y Ecol贸gicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronom铆a. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiol贸gicas y Ecol贸gicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; ArgentinaFil: Ballare, Carlos Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Oficina de Coordinaci贸n Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiol贸gicas y Ecol贸gicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronom铆a. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiol贸gicas y Ecol贸gicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; Argentin

    Harvesting at different time-points of day affects glucosinolate metabolism during postharvest storage of broccoli

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    The consumption of broccoli provides a large quantity of compounds with nutraceutical properties to the human diet. Broccoli has a high content of glucosinolates, compounds of the specialized metabolism with anticarcinogenic activity. In a previous work, we found that harvesting different time-points during the day affects the rate of senescence of broccoli heads during postharvest storage. In this work, we tested the same cultural practice to evaluate glucosinolate content and expression of genes involved in glucosinolate metabolism. Broccoli heads were harvested at 8:00, 13:00 and 18:00 h and stored for 5 d at 20 掳C in darkness. We found that content and composition of the glucosinolate pool was affected by the time of harvest. Levels of indolic glucosinolates decreased with the time of harvest on the day whereas indolic glucosinolate showed only a moderate decrease. The expression of genes associated to the biosynthesis of aliphatic glucosinolates was variable during the day. In relation to indolic glucosinolates, an increase in the expression of the transcription factor BolMYB51 was detected around 13:00 h, which strongly correlated with the increase in expression of genes associated to their biosynthesis towards the end of the day. During postharvest, the storage in darkness affected differently the metabolisms of indolic and aliphatic glucosinolates. The content of aliphatics decreased during the postharvest period, as well as the expression of the genes associated with their biosynthesis. In contrast, in the case of indolics, their content remained constant or varied slightly, while the expression of the associated biosynthetic genes decreased only slightly. Finally, the genes related to the degradation of glucosinolates appeared to be strongly regulated by light conditions, since their expression increased during the course of the day and decreased markedly during postharvest storage in darkness. These results suggest that harvesting of broccolis close to noon would be convenient to maintain higher levels of glucosinolates during postharvest storage.Fil: Casaj煤s, Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Fisiolog铆a Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Instituto de Fisiolog铆a Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Demkura, Patricia V茅r贸nica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Oficina de Coordinaci贸n Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiol贸gicas y Ecol贸gicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronom铆a. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiol贸gicas y Ecol贸gicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; ArgentinaFil: Civello, Pedro Marcos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Fisiolog铆a Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Instituto de Fisiolog铆a Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: G贸mez Lobato, Mar铆a Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Fisiolog铆a Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Instituto de Fisiolog铆a Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Martinez, Gustavo Adolfo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Fisiolog铆a Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Instituto de Fisiolog铆a Vegetal; Argentin

    Role of UV-B irradiation dose and intensity on color retention and antioxidant elicitation in broccoli florets (Brassica oleracea var. Italica)

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    Postharvest UV exposure has been useful to i) delay senescence and ii) induce the accumulation of bioactive compounds in some vegetable species. However, no studies have been conducted to determine the treatment conditions (radiation dose and intensity) required to maximize these two diverse responses. In this work, we evaluated the effect of UV-B irradiation intensity (Control: 0, Low: 3.2, Medium: 4.0 and High: 5.0聽W/m2) and dose (0, 2, 4, 8, 12聽kJ/m2) on quality retention and antioxidant capacity of fresh broccoli florets during storage (4聽掳C for 17聽days). Exposure to Low UV-B radiation and dose (2, 4聽kJ/m2) reduced broccoli weight loss, delayed yellowing and improved chlorophyll and chlorophyllide retention. After long term storage, no marked improvement on the antioxidant capacity was found regardless of the irradiation condition. Evaluations at short time after UV-B exposure (0, 2, 6, 18聽h) indicated that the treatments elicited antioxidant accumulation. Greatest antioxidant capacity was found in broccoli subjected to High intensity UV-B. Increased levels of aliphatic glucosinolates were found 18聽h after the UV-B irradiation, whereas phenolic antioxidants peaked 6聽h after the treatment. Results showed that Low UV-B doses and intensities delayed chlorophyll degradation and may be useful to complement refrigeration in fresh broccoli. Instead, High intensity UV-B exposure may be better suited as a pre-treatment to increase the antioxidant capacity prior to further processing such us freezing.Fil: Darr茅, Magal铆. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernaci贸n. Comisi贸n de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Criotecnolog铆a de Alimentos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Criotecnolog铆a de Alimentos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Criotecnolog铆a de Alimentos; ArgentinaFil: Valerga, Lucia. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernaci贸n. Comisi贸n de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Criotecnolog铆a de Alimentos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Criotecnolog铆a de Alimentos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Criotecnolog铆a de Alimentos; ArgentinaFil: Ortiz Araque, Leidy Carolina. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernaci贸n. Comisi贸n de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Criotecnolog铆a de Alimentos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Criotecnolog铆a de Alimentos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Criotecnolog铆a de Alimentos; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales; ArgentinaFil: Lemoine, Mar铆a Laura. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernaci贸n. Comisi贸n de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Criotecnolog铆a de Alimentos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Criotecnolog铆a de Alimentos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Criotecnolog铆a de Alimentos; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales; ArgentinaFil: Demkura, Patricia V茅r贸nica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Oficina de Coordinaci贸n Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiol贸gicas y Ecol贸gicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronom铆a; ArgentinaFil: Vicente, Ariel Roberto. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernaci贸n. Comisi贸n de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Criotecnolog铆a de Alimentos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Criotecnolog铆a de Alimentos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Criotecnolog铆a de Alimentos; ArgentinaFil: Concell贸n, Anal铆a. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernaci贸n. Comisi贸n de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Criotecnolog铆a de Alimentos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Criotecnolog铆a de Alimentos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Criotecnolog铆a de Alimentos; Argentin

    Exploring growth-defence trade-offs in Arabidopsis: phytochrome B inactivation requires JAZ10 to suppress plant immunity but not to trigger shade-avoidance responses

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    Under conditions that involve a high risk of competition for light among neighbouring plants, shade-intolerant species often display increased shoot elongation and greater susceptibility to pathogens and herbivores. The functional links between morphological and defence responses to crowding are not well understood. In Arabidopsis, the protein JAZ10 is thought to play a key role connecting the inactivation of the photoreceptor phytochrome B (phyB), which takes place under competition for light, with the repression of jasmonate-mediated plant defences. Here, we show that a null mutation of the JAZ10 gene in Arabidopsis did not affect plant growth nor did it suppress the shade-avoidance responses elicited by phyB inactivation. However, the jaz10 mutation restored many of the defence traits that are missing in the phyB mutant, including the ability to express robust responses to jasmonate and to accumulate indolic glucosinolates. Furthermore, the jaz10phyB double mutant showed a significantly increased resistance to the pathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea compared with the phyB parental line. Our results demonstrate that, by inactivating JAZ10, it is possible to partially uncouple shade avoidance from defence suppression in Arabidopsis. These findings may provide clues to improve plant resistance to pathogens in crops that are planted at high density.Fil: Cerrudo, Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Oficina de Coordinaci贸n Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiol贸gicas y Ecol贸gicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronom铆a. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiol贸gicas y Ecol贸gicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnol贸gicas. Universidad Nacional de San Mart铆n. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnol贸gicas; ArgentinaFil: Caliri Ortiz, Mar铆a Emilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnol贸gicas. Universidad Nacional de San Mart铆n. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnol贸gicas; ArgentinaFil: Keller, Mercedes Magdalena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Oficina de Coordinaci贸n Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiol贸gicas y Ecol贸gicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronom铆a. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiol贸gicas y Ecol贸gicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; ArgentinaFil: Degano, M. Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Oficina de Coordinaci贸n Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiol贸gicas y Ecol贸gicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronom铆a. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiol贸gicas y Ecol贸gicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; ArgentinaFil: Demkura, Patricia V茅r贸nica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Oficina de Coordinaci贸n Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiol贸gicas y Ecol贸gicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronom铆a. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiol贸gicas y Ecol贸gicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; ArgentinaFil: Ballare, Carlos Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Oficina de Coordinaci贸n Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiol贸gicas y Ecol贸gicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronom铆a. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiol贸gicas y Ecol贸gicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnol贸gicas. Universidad Nacional de San Mart铆n. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnol贸gicas; Argentin

    Ontogenetic and trans-generational dynamics of a vertically transmitted fungal symbiont in an annual host plant in ozone-polluted settings

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    Tropospheric ozone is an abiotic stress of increasing importance in the context of global climate change. This greenhouse gas is a potent phytotoxic molecule with demonstrated negative effects on crop yield and natural ecosystems. Recently, oxidative stress has been proposed as a mechanism that could regulate the interaction between cool-season grasses and Epichlo毛 endophytes. We hypothesized that exposure of Lolium multiflorum plants, hosting endophytes to an ozone-polluted environment at different ontogenetic phases, would impact the trans-generational dynamics of the vertically transmitted fungal symbiont. Here, we found that the ozone-induced stress on the mother plants did not affect the endophyte vertical transmission but it impaired the persistence of the fungus in the seed exposed to artificial ageing. Endophyte longevity in seed was reduced by exposure of the mother plant to ozone. Although ozone exposure did not influence either the endophyte mycelial concentration or their compound defences (loline alkaloids), a positive correlation was observed between host fitness and the concentration of endophyte-derived defence compounds. This suggests that fungal defences in grass seeds were not all produced in situ but remobilized from the vegetative tissues. Our study reveals ozone trans-generational effects on the persistence of a beneficial symbiont in a host grass.Fil: Ueno, Andrea Celeste. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Oficina de Coordinaci贸n Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiol贸gicas y Ecol贸gicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronom铆a. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiol贸gicas y Ecol贸gicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; ArgentinaFil: Gundel, Pedro Emilio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Oficina de Coordinaci贸n Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiol贸gicas y Ecol贸gicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronom铆a. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiol贸gicas y Ecol贸gicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; ArgentinaFil: Ghersa, Claudio Marco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Oficina de Coordinaci贸n Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiol贸gicas y Ecol贸gicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronom铆a. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiol贸gicas y Ecol贸gicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; ArgentinaFil: Demkura, Patricia V茅r贸nica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Oficina de Coordinaci贸n Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiol贸gicas y Ecol贸gicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronom铆a. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiol贸gicas y Ecol贸gicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; ArgentinaFil: Card, Stuart D.. Agresearch Grasslands Research Centre; Nueva ZelandaFil: Mace, Wade J.. Agresearch Grasslands Research Centre; Nueva ZelandaFil: Martinez-Ghersa, Maria Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Oficina de Coordinaci贸n Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiol贸gicas y Ecol贸gicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronom铆a. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiol贸gicas y Ecol贸gicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; Argentin
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