Association between time of residence and self-perception of distress, interpersonal relationships, and social role in Venezuelan immigrants in Lima, Peru 2018–19: mixed-methods study

Background: Immigrants arriving in a new country face changes that affect their social, employment, and migratory status. We carried out a mixed-methods study in the rapidly growing Venezuelan immigrant population in Lima, Peru. The objective was to determine whether there was an association between time in Peru and self-perception of symptom distress (SD), interpersonal relationships (IR), and social role (SR). Methods: The quantitative central component consisted of a cross-sectional study, surveying 152 participants using the Outcome Questionnaire 45.2 (OQ-45.2). The qualitative component, based on phenomenology, explored experiences and challenges during the migration process. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted in 16 informants. Results: An association that was observed was the increase in the risk of clinically significant SR score with additional years of age. All informants mentioned having witnessed or experienced xenophobia in Peru. Every informant stated that significant labor differences existed between the countries. The most reported somatic symptoms were symptoms of anxiety and alterations of sleep. Additionally, no informant expressed a desire to remain in Peru long term. Conclusions: A minority of participants registered a clinically significant total score and in each of the three domains of SD, IR, and SR. No association between months in Lima and the self-perception of distress was found. However, this could be due to the short amount of time spent in Peru and any change in self-perception might only be perceived after years or decades spent in Peru. This study is one of the first to use mixed-methods to explore the mental health of the immigrant Venezuelan population.Revisión por pare

Association between time in Peru of Venezuelan immigrants and auto-perception of symptom distress, interpersonal relationships, and social role. Lima, Peru 2018-19: A mixed-methods study

Solicitud de embargo por publicación en revista indexada.Los inmigrantes experimentan cambios que afectan su estatus social, laboral y migratorio al llegar a un nuevo país. Se realizó un estudio de metodología mixta en la población venezolana de Lima, Perú desde diciembre de 2018 a diciembre de 2019. El objetivo fue determinar si existe una asociación entre el tiempo de permanencia en el Perú y la autopercepción de síntomas de distrés (SD), relaciones interpersonales (RI) y rol social (RS). El componente central cuantitativo consistió en evaluar, mediante el Outcome Questionnaire 45.2, la salud mental y los dominios SD, RI y RS en 152 participantes. Se encontró que el puntaje total se asocia a género (p=0,04). Además, se encontró asociación entre grupo etario y SD (p=0,009), RI con edad (p=0,011) y RI con estado civil (p=0,044). El análisis multivariado ajustado por tiempo de permanencia halló que el riesgo de tener síntomas clínicamente significativos en RS aumenta 3% por cada año extra de edad (PR, IC 95%, p=0,033). El componente cualitativo, basado en la teoría fundamentada, consistió en 16 entrevistas a profundidad. Todos los informantes manifestaron haber presenciado o experimentado comportamientos xenofóbicos en el Perú y que existen diferencias significativas entre los países. Además, la mayoría mencionó que su relación jefe-empleado era conflictiva, principalmente, las mujeres. Los síntomas más reportados fueron síntomas de ansiedad y alteraciones del sueño. Asimismo, ningún participante desea radicar en el Perú a largo plazo. Este estudio es uno de los primeros de metodología mixta que ahonda en la salud mental de la población migrante venezolana.Immigrants arriving in a new country face changes that affect their social, employment, and migratory status. We carried out a mixed methods study in the rapidly growing Venezuelan immigrant population in Lima, Peru. The objective was to determine whether there was an association between time in Peru and the auto-perception of symptom distress (SD), interpersonal relationships (IR), and social role (SR). The quantitative central component consisted of a cross-sectional study, surveying 152 participants using the Outcome Questionnaire 45.2 (OQ-45.2) which measures general mental health as well as the domains of SD, IR, and SR. An association between total mental health score and gender (p=0.04) was found. Age group and SD were also associated (p=0.009), as were IR with age (p=0.011) and with civil status (p=0.044). Multivariate analysis showed that each additional year of age increased the risk of having clinically significant RS score by 3% (PR, 95% CI, p=0.033) when adjusted for time in Peru. The qualitative component, based on grounded theory, consisted of 16 in-depth interviews. All informants mentioned having witnessed or experienced xenophobia in Peru. Every informant stated that significant labor differences existed between the countries. A predominantly female majority of informants also felt that the relationship with their boss was conflictive. The most reported somatic symptoms were symptoms of anxiety and alterations of sleep. Additionally, no informant expressed a desire to remain in Peru long term. This study is one of the first to use mixed methods to explore the mental health of the immigrant Venezuelan population.Tesi