How does Inflation Depend Upon the Nature of Fluids Filling Up the Universe in Brane World Scenario

By constructing different parameters which are able to give us the information about our universe during inflation,(specially at the start and the end of the inflationary universe) a brief idea of brane world inflation is given in this work. What will be the size of the universe at the end of inflation,i.e.,how many times will it grow than today's size is been speculated and analysed thereafter. Different kinds of fluids are taken to be the matter inside the brane. It is observed that in the case of highly positive pressure grower gas like polytropic,the size of the universe at the end of inflation is comparitively smaller. Whereas for negative pressure creators (like chaplygin gas) this size is much bigger. Except thse two cases, inflation has been studied for barotropic fluid and linear redshift parametrization $\omega(z) = \omega_{0} + \omega_{1} z$ too. For them the size of the universe after inflation is much more high. We also have seen that this size does not depend upon the potential energy at the end of the inflation. On the contrary, there is a high impact of the initial potential energy upon the size of inflation.Comment: 20 page

Resistance patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated in Mexico's West

Background: The problem of multidrug resistant M, tuberculosis (MDR TB) has increased in recent years around the world. Objetive: To analyse the evolution of resistance patteras of M. tuberculosis. Methods: Cultures of M. tuberculosis isolated from patients of two terciary care hospitals of Guadalajara, México were analyzed. Susceptibility tests were earned out by the Canetti method. Results: The annual resistance percents of 262 cultures was: 1993 1994 1995 1996 Total (a=23) (a=26) (n=64) (n=149) (=262) Isomazid 74 77 53 78 71 Rifampin 43 42 41 40 41 Pyrazinamide 22 58 67 52 54 Ethambutol 65 62 47 77 53 Streptomycin 22 46 75 56 57 Ethionamide 22 27 50 49 45 Para-aminosalicyhc-acid(PAS) 30 46 41 45 43 Ciprofloxadn - 12 30 17 20 Ofloxacin - 15 30 39 34 MDR TB (isoniazid and rifampin) 43 27 31 36 31 Conclusions: The primary drugs resistance is high, the resistance to pyrazinamide, streptomycin, ethionamide and PAS has been increasing

Resistance patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated in Mexico's West

Background: The problem of multidrug resistant M, tuberculosis (MDR TB) has increased in recent years around the world. Objetive: To analyse the evolution of resistance patteras of M. tuberculosis. Methods: Cultures of M. tuberculosis isolated from patients of two terciary care hospitals of Guadalajara, México were analyzed. Susceptibility tests were earned out by the Canetti method. Results: The annual resistance percents of 262 cultures was: 1993 1994 1995 1996 Total (a=23) (a=26) (n=64) (n=149) (=262) Isomazid 74 77 53 78 71 Rifampin 43 42 41 40 41 Pyrazinamide 22 58 67 52 54 Ethambutol 65 62 47 77 53 Streptomycin 22 46 75 56 57 Ethionamide 22 27 50 49 45 Para-aminosalicyhc-acid(PAS) 30 46 41 45 43 Ciprofloxadn - 12 30 17 20 Ofloxacin - 15 30 39 34 MDR TB (isoniazid and rifampin) 43 27 31 36 31 Conclusions: The primary drugs resistance is high, the resistance to pyrazinamide, streptomycin, ethionamide and PAS has been increasing