23 research outputs found
How does Inflation Depend Upon the Nature of Fluids Filling Up the Universe in Brane World Scenario
By constructing different parameters which are able to give us the
information about our universe during inflation,(specially at the start and the
end of the inflationary universe) a brief idea of brane world inflation is
given in this work. What will be the size of the universe at the end of
inflation,i.e.,how many times will it grow than today's size is been speculated
and analysed thereafter. Different kinds of fluids are taken to be the matter
inside the brane. It is observed that in the case of highly positive pressure
grower gas like polytropic,the size of the universe at the end of inflation is
comparitively smaller. Whereas for negative pressure creators (like chaplygin
gas) this size is much bigger. Except thse two cases, inflation has been
studied for barotropic fluid and linear redshift parametrization too. For them the size of the universe after
inflation is much more high. We also have seen that this size does not depend
upon the potential energy at the end of the inflation. On the contrary, there
is a high impact of the initial potential energy upon the size of inflation.Comment: 20 page
Resistance patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated in Mexico's West
Background: The problem of multidrug resistant M, tuberculosis (MDR TB) has increased in recent years around the world. Objetive: To analyse the evolution of resistance patteras of M. tuberculosis. Methods: Cultures of M. tuberculosis isolated from patients of two terciary care hospitals of Guadalajara, México were analyzed. Susceptibility tests were earned out by the Canetti method. Results: The annual resistance percents of 262 cultures was: 1993 1994 1995 1996 Total (a=23) (a=26) (n=64) (n=149) (=262) Isomazid 74 77 53 78 71 Rifampin 43 42 41 40 41 Pyrazinamide 22 58 67 52 54 Ethambutol 65 62 47 77 53 Streptomycin 22 46 75 56 57 Ethionamide 22 27 50 49 45 Para-aminosalicyhc-acid(PAS) 30 46 41 45 43 Ciprofloxadn - 12 30 17 20 Ofloxacin - 15 30 39 34 MDR TB (isoniazid and rifampin) 43 27 31 36 31 Conclusions: The primary drugs resistance is high, the resistance to pyrazinamide, streptomycin, ethionamide and PAS has been increasing
Resistance patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated in Mexico's West
Background: The problem of multidrug resistant M, tuberculosis (MDR TB) has increased in recent years around the world. Objetive: To analyse the evolution of resistance patteras of M. tuberculosis. Methods: Cultures of M. tuberculosis isolated from patients of two terciary care hospitals of Guadalajara, México were analyzed. Susceptibility tests were earned out by the Canetti method. Results: The annual resistance percents of 262 cultures was: 1993 1994 1995 1996 Total (a=23) (a=26) (n=64) (n=149) (=262) Isomazid 74 77 53 78 71 Rifampin 43 42 41 40 41 Pyrazinamide 22 58 67 52 54 Ethambutol 65 62 47 77 53 Streptomycin 22 46 75 56 57 Ethionamide 22 27 50 49 45 Para-aminosalicyhc-acid(PAS) 30 46 41 45 43 Ciprofloxadn - 12 30 17 20 Ofloxacin - 15 30 39 34 MDR TB (isoniazid and rifampin) 43 27 31 36 31 Conclusions: The primary drugs resistance is high, the resistance to pyrazinamide, streptomycin, ethionamide and PAS has been increasing