Micromixers simulation

This paper was presented at the 2nd Micro and Nano Flows Conference (MNF2009), which was held at Brunel University, West London, UK. The conference was organised by Brunel University and supported by the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, IPEM, the Italian Union of Thermofluid dynamics, the Process Intensification Network, HEXAG - the Heat Exchange Action Group and the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications.A method for simulating fluid flows in microchannels is proposed. The method is tested using available experimental data obtained in micro-PIV studies of microchannel flows. Flow regimes in Y- and Ttype micromixers are studied. Passive and active mixers are considered. The dependence of the mixing efficiency on the Peclet number is examined, and the possibility of using hydrophobic and ultrahydrophobic coatings is analyzed. An active mixing method using a T-mixer with a harmonically varying flow rate at one of the inlet channels is studied. The dependence of the mixing efficiency on the frequency and amplitude of flow rate variation is determined.This work was supported in part by the Russian Foundation for Basic Researches (grant No. 07-08-00164) and by the grant of the President of the Russian Federation for Support of Leading Scientific Schools (project no. NSh-454.2008.1)

Experimental study of the effect of air injection on the pressure pulsations in the hydro turbine flow path under different operating conditions

The paper presents an experimental study of oscillatory response in the Francis turbine of hydraulic unit. The experiment was performed on large-scale hydrodynamic test-bench with impeller diameter of 0.3 m. The effect of air injection on the intensity of pressure pulsations was studied at the different regimes in the hydraulic unit. It was revealed that air delivery into the flow path system of the turbine results in almost two-fold reduction of pressure pulsations, but for optimal regimes, there is an increase in pressure pulsations

Mixing in a T-type micromixer at high Reynolds numbers

This paper was presented at the 3rd Micro and Nano Flows Conference (MNF2011), which was held at the Makedonia Palace Hotel, Thessaloniki in Greece. The conference was organised by Brunel University and supported by the Italian Union of Thermofluiddynamics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University of Thessaly, IPEM, the Process Intensification Network, the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, the Heat Transfer Society, HEXAG - the Heat Exchange Action Group, and the Energy Institute.Flow regimes and mixing performance in a T-type micromixer at high Reynolds numbers were studied by numerical solution of the Navier–Stokes equations. The Reynolds number was varied from one to one thousand. The cross section of the mixing channel was 100 μm×200 μm, and its length was 1400 μm. The transverse inlet channels were symmetric about the mixing channel, and their cross-section was 100 μm×100 μm, and the total length was 800 μm. Five different flow regimes were identified: (i) stationary vortex-free flow (Re 400). Maximum mixing efficiency was obtained for stationary asymmetric vortex flow. In this case, an S-shaped vortex structure formed in the flow field. The effect of the slip conditions on the flow pattern and mixing efficiency are studied.The Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Grant No. 10-01-00074) and the Federal Special Program “Scientific and scientific-pedagogical personnel of innovative Russia in 2009-2013” (projects No. P230, No. 14.740.11.0579 and No. 14.740.11.0103)

Mathematical modeling of heat transfer between the plant seedling and the environment during a radiation frost

The power of the internal heat source sufficient to maintain a positive temperature of plants during one of the possible form of cold stress - radiation frost was determined with the help of numerical simulation.The simulation of unsteady heat transfer in the soil-plant-air system in the conditions of radiation frost showed that the the ground part of plants is cooling most rapidly, and this process is partially slowed down by the natural-convection heat transfer with warmer air. If the frost is not continuous, the radiative cooling is the main danger for plant. The necessary power of heat-production inside plant that allows it to avoid hypothermia depends both on natural conditions and the size of the plant. For plants with a typical diameter of the stem about 2 mm this heat-production should be from 50 to 100 W / kg. Within 2 hours a total amount of heat about 0.5 MJ / kg in the plant should be allocated. Larger plants will have a smaller surface to mass ratio, and the maintaining of it's temperature will require a lower cost of nutrients per unit, accordingly. Modeling of the influence of plant surface trichomes presence on the process of its cooling showed that the role of trichomes in the protection of plants from hypothermia during radiation frost usually is negative due to the fact that the presence of trichomes increases the radiative heat transfer from the plant and the impediment in air movement near the plant reduces heat flux entering the plant from a warmer air. But in cases where the intensity of heat generation within the plant is sufficient for the maintenance of the plant temperature higher than the air temperature, the presence of trichomes impairs heat transfer from plant to air, and therefore contributes to a better heating of plants

Application of the PANS Turbulence Model to Calculate the Flow in the Francis‑99 Model Radial- Axial Hydroturbine

Закрученные течения широко распространены в различных областях техники. При высокой степени закрутки течение осложняется распадом вихря и формированием крупномасштабных нестационарных структур. В гидроэнергетике проявлением неустойчивости закрученного потока служит прецессирующий вихревой жгут в отсасывающей трубе. Эти нестационарные структуры обладают значительной турбулентной кинетической энергией и характеризуются достаточно большим временем существования, что вызывает серьёзные затруднения при численном моделировании течений в тракте гидротурбин. Цель работы – построение гибридной PANS модели турбулентности на основе модели второго порядка замыкания. С помощью этой модели с разными значениями параметра разрешения выполнены численные расчёты нестационарного течения в отсасывающей трубе в режиме частичной нагрузки. Предложенный вариант PANS модели турбулентности позволяет хорошо воспроизводить характеристики сильно анизотропных течений, при этом менее требователен к сеточному разрешению, чем метод моделирования крупных вихрей, и в рассмотренной реализации не содержит явной зависимости от шага пространственной сеткиSwirling flows are widespread in various fields of technology. At a high degree of swirling, the flow is complicated by the collapse of the vortex and the formation of large-scale unsteady structures. In hydropower engineering, the swirling flow instability is manifested by a precessing’s vortex bundle in the suction pipe. These non-stationary structures have a significant turbulent kinetic energy and are characterized by a sufficiently long lifetime, which causes serious difficulties in the numerical simulation of flows in the duct of hydraulic turbines. The aim of this work is to construct a hybrid PANS turbulence model based on a second-order closure model. Using this model with different values of the resolution parameter, numerical calculations of the unsteady flow in the draft pipe in the partial load mode were performed. The proposed version of the PANS turbulence model makes it possible to reproduce well the characteristics of highly anisotropic flows, while being less demanding on the grid resolution than the large eddy simulation method, and in the considered implementation does not contain an explicit dependence on the spatial grid spacin

Numerical Simulation of Flare Burning of Coal of a Micro-Mill in a Steam-Oil Burner

Статья посвящена численному моделированию факельного сжигания угольного топлива в паромасляной горелке. Представлены результаты моделирования паромасляной горелки, разработанной в ИТ СО РАН, и новой факельной горелки, работающей на дизельном топливе с частичной заменой его на уголь микропомола. Сравнение результатов расчета с данными эксперимента показало их хорошее соответствие, как по уровню температуры, так и по концентрации газовых компонент продуктов горения. Результаты моделирования показали, что новая горелка устойчиво работает в широком диапазоне расхода угольной пыли. Полученные результаты численного исследования можно использовать при проектировании нового горелочного устройства, подобрав оптимальные режимы работы, для снижения на выходе концентрации вредных выбросов и недожега топливаThe article is devoted to numerical modeling of coal fuel flaring in a steam-oil burner. The results of modeling an oil-steam burner developed at IT SB RAS and a new torch burner operating on diesel fuel with partial replacement of it with micro-milled coal are presented. A comparison of the calculation results with the experimental data showed their good agreement both in terms of the temperature level and the concentration of the gas components of the combustion products. The simulation results showed that the new burner operates stably in a wide range of pulverized coal flow rates. The obtained results of a numerical study can be used in the design of a new burner device, choosing the optimal operating modes to reduce the concentration of harmful emissions and fuel underburning at the outpu