Recent Developments: Louisiana Medical Malpractice Law

The article discusses the Louisiana Supreme Court\u27s decision in case Oliver v. Magnolia Clinic, and explores developments in Louisiana medical malpractice law related to prescription, expert witnesses and summary judgment. Topics discussed include damages for medical malpractice actions under the Medical Malpractice Act (MMA), the prescriptive period applicable to medical malpractice actions under the Louisiana Revised Statutes, and the Patient\u27s Compensation Fund (PCF)

How to Convert the Obliquely Crossed to Non-Crossed Astigmatism? A Simple Method Using Vector Analysis

The authors discussed about the problem of special form in astigmatism classification. This special type of astigmatism is the form of obliquely crossed astigmatism. In which the meridians, major and minor, are not right angles. In this astigmatism is not possible to prescribing for cylindrical (toric) spectacle lens. Authors describe the Thompson formula for oblique crossed cylinder and observe that this formula is to complicate for calculation new cylinder power. In this reason, the authors create the new formula and simple procedure for this calculation. This simple formula based on vector analysis and read: DM3 = DM2 ´ cos2 b

Multivalent interaction and selectivities in selectin binding of functionalized gold colloids decorated with carbohydrate mimetics

Colloidal gold particles with functionalized organic shells were applied as novel selectin binders. The ligand shell was terminated with different monocyclic carbohydrate mimetics as simplified analogs of the sLe(x) unit found in biological selectin ligands. The multivalent presentation of the sulfated selectin binding epitopes on the gold particles led to extremely high binding affinities towards L- and P-selectin and IC(50) values in the subnanomolar range. Depending on the ring size of the sulfated carbohydrate mimetic, its substitution pattern and its configuration, different selectivities for either L-selectin or P-selectin were obtained. These selectivities were not found for gold particles with simple acyclic sulfated alcohols, diols and triols in the ligand shell. In addition, the influence of the particle size and the thickness of the hydrophobic organic shell were systematically investigated