16 research outputs found
ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ¬ΠΠ«Π Π ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ ΠΠ’ΠΠ ΠΠ-Π‘ΠΠΠ¦ΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠ¬ΠΠ«Π ΠΠΠ Π£Π‘ΠΠ«Π ΠΠ ΠΠΠ₯ΠΠΠΠΠ’ Π£ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ¨ΠΠΠΠ«Π₯ ΠΠΠ’ΠΠ: ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ‘Π’Π Π’ΠΠ§ΠΠΠΠ―, ΠΠΠ§ΠΠΠΠ Π ΠΠ ΠΠ€ΠΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠ Π Π ΠΠΠΠ¬ΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠ§ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠ
Objective: to study the clinical, laboratory and radiological features of the course of nosocomial bronchiolitis respiratory syncytial viral (RSV ) etiology and effectiveness of the therapy in preterm infants in the neonatal hospital conditions. Patients and Methods: We analyzed case histories of 10 hospitalized patients who had RSV etiology bronchiolitis established by RIF / PCR in neonatal Moscow hospitals inΒ 2011-2013. Results: RSV infection in hospitalized preterm infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia runs hardly, requiring treatment in the intensive care unit, oxygen therapy andΒ lungs mechanical ventilation. The respiratory failure is the symptom of the of RSV bronchiolitis severity. X-ray picture of the disease is characterized by peribronchial changes, emphysematous swelling , segmental infiltration and bronchial obstruction (atelectasis, hypoventilation ). The frequency of bacterial complications of RSV bronchiolitis is low. In clinical practice newborns with severe RSV bronchiolitis are treated with antibiotics, bronchodilators, steroids. The timely isolation of patients can prevent the extention of the infection in the hospital. Conclusions: The preventive measures are needed to prevent the extention of RSV in neonatal hospitals, including specific immune prophylaxisof RSV infection in children at risk .Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅, Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ
ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ (Π Π‘Π) ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ°. ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ: ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π΅ΠΉ 10 Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π±ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ
ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ Π Π‘Π-ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π ΠΠ€/ΠΠ¦Π Π² Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ°Ρ
Π³. ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠ²Ρ Π² 2011β2013Β Π³Π³. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ: Π Π‘Π-ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡ Ρ Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Ρ ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π· Π±ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π³ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎ, ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΡ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ
. Π’ΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π Π‘Π-Π±ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ
ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π΄ΡΡ
Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ. Π Π΅Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ
ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠΌΡΠΈΠ·Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΠΌ Π²Π·Π΄ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π±ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ
ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ (Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π·, Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ). Π§Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π Π‘Π-Π±ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ
ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°. Π ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Ρ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π Π‘Π-Π±ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ
ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ° Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Π±ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΈΠ΄Ρ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
. Β ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ: Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π Π‘Π Π² Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ°Ρ
, Π² Ρ.Ρ. ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ° Π Π‘Π-ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ°.
Nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in preterm infants: Characteristics of the course, treatment and prevention in clinical practice
Objective: to study the clinical, laboratory and radiological features of the course of nosocomial bronchiolitis respiratory syncytial viral (RSV) etiology and effectiveness of the therapy in preterm infants in the neonatal hospital conditions. Patients and Methods: We analyzed case histories of 10 hospitalized patients who had RSV etiology bronchiolitis established by RIF/PCR in neonatal Moscow hospitals in 2011-2013. Results: RSV infection in hospitalized preterm infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia runs hardly, requiring treatment in the intensive care unit, oxygen therapy and lungs mechanical ventilation. The respiratory failure is the symptom of the of RSV bronchiolitis severity. X-ray picture of the disease is characterized by peribronchial changes, emphysematous swelling, segmental infdtration and bronchial obstruction (atelectasis, hypoventilation). The frequency of bacterial complications of RSV bronchiolitis is low. In clinical practice newborns with severe RSV bronchiolitis are treated with antibiotics, bronchodilators, steroids. The timely isolation of patients can prevent the extention of the infection in the hospital. Conclusions: The preventive measures are needed to prevent the extention of RSV in neonatal hospitals, including specific immune prophylaxis of RSV infection in children at risk
Nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in preterm infants: Characteristics of the course, treatment and prevention in clinical practice
Objective: to study the clinical, laboratory and radiological features of the course of nosocomial bronchiolitis respiratory syncytial viral (RSV) etiology and effectiveness of the therapy in preterm infants in the neonatal hospital conditions. Patients and Methods: We analyzed case histories of 10 hospitalized patients who had RSV etiology bronchiolitis established by RIF/PCR in neonatal Moscow hospitals in 2011-2013. Results: RSV infection in hospitalized preterm infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia runs hardly, requiring treatment in the intensive care unit, oxygen therapy and lungs mechanical ventilation. The respiratory failure is the symptom of the of RSV bronchiolitis severity. X-ray picture of the disease is characterized by peribronchial changes, emphysematous swelling, segmental infdtration and bronchial obstruction (atelectasis, hypoventilation). The frequency of bacterial complications of RSV bronchiolitis is low. In clinical practice newborns with severe RSV bronchiolitis are treated with antibiotics, bronchodilators, steroids. The timely isolation of patients can prevent the extention of the infection in the hospital. Conclusions: The preventive measures are needed to prevent the extention of RSV in neonatal hospitals, including specific immune prophylaxis of RSV infection in children at risk
Clinical and epidemiological features and prevention of nosocomial bronchiolitis with RSV etiology in children of severe course risk groups
Preterm infants and children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, hemodynamically significant congenital heart diseases and number of other diseases are a group of severe risk of RSV bronchiolitis requiring hospitalization and intensive, including respiratory, therapy. RSV bronchiolitis can develop as at stationary phase due to nosocomial infection, and outpatient. The article presents current information about clinical and epidemiological features of nosocomial RSV bronchiolitis in children of severe course risk groups based on infection outbreaks analysis from literature and own data. It presents data on non-specific prevention of nosocomial RSV infection and experience of prevention with nosocomial spread of monoclonal antibody to virus F protein palivizumab. Β© 2016, Pediatria Ltd. All rights reserved
Clinical and epidemiological features and prevention of nosocomial bronchiolitis with RSV etiology in children of severe course risk groups
Preterm infants and children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, hemodynamically significant congenital heart diseases and number of other diseases are a group of severe risk of RSV bronchiolitis requiring hospitalization and intensive, including respiratory, therapy. RSV bronchiolitis can develop as at stationary phase due to nosocomial infection, and outpatient. The article presents current information about clinical and epidemiological features of nosocomial RSV bronchiolitis in children of severe course risk groups based on infection outbreaks analysis from literature and own data. It presents data on non-specific prevention of nosocomial RSV infection and experience of prevention with nosocomial spread of monoclonal antibody to virus F protein palivizumab. Β© 2016, Pediatria Ltd. All rights reserved
Contemporary strategy of pulmonary hypertension management in pediatrics
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) in pediatrics is a polygenic multifactorial condition with extremely adverse prognosis. Selection of optimal management is a severe task. In absence of treatment the mean life duration in children is not higher one year. Last two decades, revolution in approaches to treatment improved the survival of this patients group. Recently, pediatricians and pediatric cardiologists have three drugs groups that act on the main pathogenetic chains of PH: endothelin pathway, nitric oxide pathway and prostacyclin pathway. At the moment, approaches to pediatric PH are based on the data obtained in the trials on adult patients. However, not long ago there were first randomized trials on children performed. The group of authors of current article presents a modern view on the problem of PH in children, and expert recommendations on children management. Class of recommendations and evidence level were set by the data obtained in pediatric population or on adult population with at least 10%of children included. To the strategy, developed by the Russian clinicians, laid the analysis of experience of the pathology treatment in Russian Federation, as the current practics and clinical guidelines on pediatric PH in Europe, and the recent trials published. Β© 2018 Vserossiiskoe Obshchestvo Kardiologov. All rights reserved
Contemporary strategy of pulmonary hypertension management in pediatrics
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) in pediatrics is a polygenic multifactorial condition with extremely adverse prognosis. Selection of optimal management is a severe task. In absence of treatment the mean life duration in children is not higher one year. Last two decades, revolution in approaches to treatment improved the survival of this patients group. Recently, pediatricians and pediatric cardiologists have three drugs groups that act on the main pathogenetic chains of PH: endothelin pathway, nitric oxide pathway and prostacyclin pathway. At the moment, approaches to pediatric PH are based on the data obtained in the trials on adult patients. However, not long ago there were first randomized trials on children performed. The group of authors of current article presents a modern view on the problem of PH in children, and expert recommendations on children management. Class of recommendations and evidence level were set by the data obtained in pediatric population or on adult population with at least 10%of children included. To the strategy, developed by the Russian clinicians, laid the analysis of experience of the pathology treatment in Russian Federation, as the current practics and clinical guidelines on pediatric PH in Europe, and the recent trials published. Β© 2018 Vserossiiskoe Obshchestvo Kardiologov. All rights reserved
Nonwoven polycaprolactone scaffolds for tissue engineering: The choice of the structure and the method of cell seeding
Nonwoven polycaprolactone materials produced by electrospinning are perspective internal prosthetic implants. Seeding these implants with multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells stimulates the replacement of the prosthesis with recipient's own connective tissue. Electrospinning method was used for producing polycaprolactone matrices differing in thickness, pore diameter, fiber size, and biomechanical properties. Labeled cells were seeded on scaffolds in three ways: (1) static, (2) dynamic, and (3) directed flow of the cell suspension generated by capillary action. Cell distribution on the surface and the interior of the scaffolds was studied; the metabolic activity of cells was measured by MTT assay. Static seeding method yielded fully confluence of cells covered the entire scaffold surface, but the cells were located primarily in the upper third of the matrix. Dynamic method proved to be effective only for scaffolds of thickness greater than 500 microns, irrespective of the pore diameter. The third method was effective only for scaffolds with the pore diameter of 20-30 microns, regardless of the material thickness. Resorbable nonwoven polycaprolactone electrospun materials have appropriate biomechanical properties and similar to native tissue matrix structures for internal prosthesis. The choice of the most effective cell seeding method depends on the spatial characteristics - the material thickness, pore diameter, and fibers size, which are determined by the electrospinning conditions
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠΈ: Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π° Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Nonwoven polycaprolactone materials produced by electrospinning are perspective internal prosthetic implants. Seeding these implants with multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells stimulates the replacement of the prosthesis with recipient's own connective tissue. Electrospinning method was used for producing polycaprolactone matrices differing in thickness, pore diameter, fiber size, and biomechanical properties. Labeled cells were seeded on scaffolds in three ways: (1) static, (2) dynamic, and (3) directed flow of the cell suspension generated by capillary action. Cell distribution on the surface and the interior of the scaffolds was studied; the metabolic activity of cells was measured by MTT assay. Static seeding method yielded fully confluence of cells covered the entire scaffold surface, but the cells were located primarily in the upper third of the matrix. Dynamic method proved to be effective only for scaffolds of thickness greater than 500 microns, irrespective of the pore diameter. The third method was effective only for scaffolds with the pore diameter of 20-30 microns, regardless of the material thickness. Resorbable nonwoven polycaprolactone electrospun materials have appropriate biomechanical properties and similar to native tissue matrix structures for internal prosthesis. The choice of the most effective cell seeding method depends on the spatial characteristics - the material thickness, pore diameter, and fibers size, which are determined by the electrospinning conditions.ΠΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π°, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π·Π΅Π½Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π·Π° ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°. Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π°, ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ, ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ, Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½, Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π·Π΅Π½Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΏΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΌΠΈ: ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌ, Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°. ΠΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ»ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΠ’Π’-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°. Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ» ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π² Π²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°. ΠΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 500 ΠΌΠΊΠΌ, Π½Π΅Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° Π±ΡΠ» ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ 20-30 ΠΌΠΊΠΌ, Π½Π΅Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°. ΠΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ-Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π°, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΊ Π±ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠΌ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΡΠ±ΠΎΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ - ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°, Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅, Π² ΡΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°