Origin of multiple band gap values in single width nanoribbons

Deterministic band gap in quasi-one-dimensional nanoribbons is prerequisite for their integrated functionalities in high-performance molecular-electronics based devices. However, multiple band gap values commonly observed in the same width of graphene nanoribbons fabricated in same slot of the experiments remains unresolved, and raise a critical concern over scalable production of pristine and/or hetero-structure nanoribbons with deterministic properties and functionalities for plethora of applications. Here, we show that a modification in the depth of potential wells in the periodic direction of a supercell on relative shifting of passivating atoms at the edges is the origin of multiple band gap values for the same width of nanoribbons in a crystallographic orientation, although they carry practically the same ground state energy. The results are similar when calculations are extended from planar graphene to buckled silicene nanoribbons. Thus, the findings facilitate tuning of the electronic properties of quasi-one-dimensional materials such as bio-molecular chains, organic and inorganic nanoribbons by performing edge engineering.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figure

Energy Controlled Edge Formation for Graphene Nano Ribbons

On the basis of first principles calculations, we report energy estimated to cut a graphene sheet into nanoribbons of armchair and zigzag configurations. Our calculations show that the energy required to cut a graphene sheet into zigzag configuration is higher than that of armchair configuration by an order of 0.174 eV. Thus, a control over the threshold energy might be helpful in designing an experiment for cutting a graphene sheet into smooth edged armchair or zigzag configurations

External cephalic version at 36 weeks and its outcome

Background: External cephalic version (ECV) is well known non-invasive procedure done for the management of breech presentation but is not routinely practised by obstetricians in many clinical settings. The aim of the study was to assess the success rate of external cephalic version, labour outcome of pregnancy after successful ECV, to study maternal and foetal complications associated with ECV and to explore the reasons for failed ECV.Methods: It was a prospective interventional study to assess the labour outcomes of pregnancies with successful and uncomplicated ECV. All women who had singleton breech presentation at 36+ weeks were included unless contraindications for ECV were present. After obtaining consent, ECV was attempted after giving tocolysis.Results: The total number of deliveries was 6038 in the same period. Out of these 301 were breech presentations thus the incidence of breech presentation was 4.9%. ECV was offered to 81 women (26.9%) and out of these 77 women (95.06%) gave consent for the procedure. The remaining 4 (4.93%) did not give consent due to anxiety about the procedure. The success rate was 54.54%. Out of total 301 women with breech presentation 40 women (13.3%) had assisted breech delivery and 216 women (71.8%) had caesarean section due to obstetric indications. Thus the caesarean section rate for breech presentation at our institute was 71.8%. ECV was successful in 63.82% of the multigravida on which it was attempted as compared to 40% of the primigravida. The success rate of ECV in the present study is maximum when ECV was performed at a gestational age of 38-39 weeks and when fetal weight was less than 3000 grams. Out of the 42 successful ECV cases, 4 babies (9.52%) had neonatal sepsis and 1 was still born (2.3%) which was unrelated to ECV.Conclusions: ECV is a valuable though under used option in the management of breech presentation at term. It is a relatively safe procedure, simple to learn and perform. Vigilance for breech presentation after 36 weeks is important. ECV at term using tocolytics should be part of the routine management of breech presentation

Carbon Footprint of Public Transportation – A Case Study of Religious Tourism to Shri Mata Vaishano Devi Shrine in Katra, Jammu and Kashmir, India.

The rates of increment in G h Gs concentrations in the atmosphere are extraordinarily high, far exceeding their natural sequestration rates. Transportation accounts to 19% of the global energy use and 23% of all the C o 2 emissions globally, a bout 75% of these emissions come from cars and trucks. i n i ndia, transportation sector consumes about 17% of total energy and produces 60% of G h G emissions, estimated at around 261 Tg of C o 2 , of which 94.5% is contributed by road transport. Travel and tourism, one of the largest industries in the world is a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. Religious tourism in particular, is an important cultural and traditional heritage of i ndia. This paper is a case study to estimate the individual carbon footprints of pilgrims travelling s hri m ata Vaishano Devi s hrine in k atra, Jammu and k ashmir. The analysis considers individual emissions from different modes of transportation viz. train, bus, taxi/auto-rickshaw and air travel using equivalent carbon emission factors

AN IMPROVED FACE DETECTION TECHNIQUE FOR A LONG DISTANCE AND NEAR-INFRARED IMAGES

Nowadays near-infrared face recognition technology with light intensity and face recognition at a distance without the cooperation of users has gained wide attention toward these surveillance systems. Such type of environmental illumination i.e. near-infrared and face recognition at a distance in both daytime and night time can degrade the performance of surveillance systems. In the last decade, the whole biometric communities have worked on challenging tasks to develop a more accurate protection method against Near-Infrared or Long Distance database at distances of 1 meters, 60 meters, 100 meters, and 150 meters, with both daytime and nighttime images. This paper presents an improved technique of fdlibmex algorithm. The paper presents a detailed study and results of environmental illumination for face recognition. This paper also provides future directions for further research

Experimental and theoretical studies of sandwich beams made of steel, concrete, and steel have shown interesting results.

Steel plates are subjected to axial and shear stresses to test theories of full and partial contact. Stud connections and frictional forces between steel plates and concrete at both the supports and load sites are included in the partial interaction research. Based on the partial interaction theory, the results of DSC beam testing are compared to the theoretical predictions. According to the findings, a theoretical approach may be used confidently to analyse fundamentally supported DSC beams of any shape. Various building techniques are described by terminology like "sandwich beams," "double skin composite structure," and "shear connections.

OSC-MC: Online Secure Communication Model for Cloud Environment

A malicious cloud user may exploit outsourced data involved in online communication, co-residency, and hypervisor vulnerabilities to breach and hamper sensitive information, and inject malicious traffic-based congestion, rendering services to other benign users. To address this critical and challenging the problem, this letter proposes an Online Secure Communication Model for Cloud (OSC-MC) by identifying and terminating malicious VMs and inter-VM links prior to the occurrence of security threats. The anomalous network traffic, bandwidth usage, and unauthorized inter-VM links are security breach indicators which guides secure cloud communication and resource allocation. The simulation and comparison of the proposed model with existing approaches reveal that it significantly improves authorised inter-communication links up to 34.5% with a reduction of network hogs, and power consumption by 66.46% and 39.31%, respectively

A systematic literature review of current understanding and future scope on green intellectual capital

Purpose: This paper intends to scrutinize evolution and the growth of literature on green intellectualcapital(GIC)over the period 2008 to 2022, consequences of green intellectual capital, its sectoralclassification, current trends and future scope of research.Design/methodology: For a better understanding of this concept, a systematically arranged reviewwas performed following PRISMA framework. For this, data has been extracted from Scopus and Webof Science databases because they are the largest databases and provide international coverage. Collecteddata was confined on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria. The paper was sectioned into twotypes of analysis: bibliometric analysis and content analysis. Findings: Results highlighted that green intellectual capital has important meanings in influencingorganisational performance namely economic, social and financial performance. Studies were focusedmainly on Asian countries using quantitative analysis and deduced that researchers were mainly focusedon manufacturing sector. Findings depict that GIC translates into explicit results but when itscomponents’ effects are analysed, they individually show ambiguous results.Research limitations/implications: This study will provide useful insights to researchers,practitioners, managers and policy makers. Findings suggest intangible resource- green intellectual capitalshould be managed efficaciously which will provide competitive benefits and also contribute toorganisations’ financial, social and environmental performance.Originality/value: The existing literature needs to be comprehended and streamlined by interpretingthe nuances in the existing research work for enabling synergy in deciphering the explicit outcomes ofthe extant literature. Also, there are only a few studies focusing on this construct and on its systematicliterature reviewPeer Reviewe