Cystic lymphangioma of small bowel mesentery: a rare case report

Cystic lymphangiomas are rare neoplasms. A 49 year old male patient presented with complaints of lump in abdomen weight loss since 1 month. On examination, patient had a diffuse visible lump above the umbilicus. Ultrasonography of abdomen and pelvis showed a well-defined smoothly marginated anechoic to hyperechoic lesion in midline and left side of abdomen. CECT of abdomen and pelvis was suggestive of pedunculated small bowel leiomyoma desmoid tumor. Exploratory laparotomy with resection of affected loop of jejunum and the supplying mesentery containing the tumor and resection and anastomosis of adjacent small bowel was done. Histologically, the tumor was diagnosed as mesenteric lymphangioma.

A retrospective analysis of neuroendocrine tumour of pancreas: a single institute study

Background: The aim of the work was the clinical characteristics and analysis of preliminary results for surgical treatment of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs). This article deals with the classification of the Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (PNETs) and discusses their presentation, behaviour, treatment and prognosis.Methods: This was a retrospective study of 70 patients of PNET done over a period of 3 years in The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad. 24 patients who underwent surgical treatment for PNET were further evaluated for surgical outcome, 5yr disease free survival and overall survival.Results: In this study of 70 patients, 61(87.14%) were non-functional. Approximately 77% of PNETs were advanced on presentation (57% metastatic and 20% locally advanced). 20 patients had disease resectable on presentation (11 NF + 9 F). These 20 patients belong to stage I and II of TNM staging system. Only 4 out of 40 metastatic diseases had locally resectable tumor. Of 24 patients who underwent surgery, 12 underwent pancreatico-duodenectomy, 6 underwent enucleation and 6 underwent distal pancreatectomy.Conclusions: PNETs are uncommon tumor of pancreatic origin with presentation more commonly in males than females, usually in the 5th decade. Approximately 77% of patients are advanced or metastatic at presentation. Among those resectable, the Overall Survival for FPNETs and NFPNETs was 90% and 94% respectively and 5yr Disease Free Survival for the same was 100% and 84% respectively.

Outcomes following abdominoperineal resection 6 years retrospective study at a rural district general hospital

Background: A range of surgical techniques are used for perineal wound closure following Abdominoperineal Excision of the Rectum (APER). The aim of this study was to assess the safety and effectiveness of using a biological mesh for perineal wound closure and to compare the outcomes following conventional suture and mesh closure of the perineal wound.Methods: A single-centre retrospective study of a cohort of patients undergoing surgery for low rectal cancer between January 2013 and December 2018. Patient records were analysed for outcomes including perineal complication rates, length of hospital stay and impact of patient factors on complication rates in mesh vs no mesh group.Results: Of the total 43 patients included in the study, 13 (30%) had a conventional perineal closure whereas 30 patients (70%) had a biological mesh reconstruction.  Early perineal wound complications were seen in 21/43 (49%) patients. Of those, 6 (29%) patients were in the no mesh group compared to 15 (71%) patients in the mesh group (p = 0.81). 84% of the patients who received neo adjuvant radiotherapy (NART) developed perineal wound infection. There was no statistically significant difference in the mesh and no mesh groups. None of the patient factors, other than preoperative anaemia, had a statistically significant association with the rate of complications in either of the groups.Conclusions: There was no statistically significant difference in the complication rate between primary and biological mesh closure. Biological mesh is safe for perineal reconstruction following APER

Smart Street Light Management to Reduce Energy Consumption

Smart street light refers to public street light that adapts to movement of pedestrians and vehicles using PIR and IR proximity sensors. The smart streetlight is also referred to as adaptive street lighting, switches OFF when there is no activity but brightens when there is movement. This type of streetlight system is different from traditional or dimmable street lighting that dims at pre-determined times. Solar panels are used to power the lamps. Lamp faults are detected using LDR sensors. Lamp fault and usage can be sent using GSM

Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density

Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data

Nations within a nation: variations in epidemiological transition across the states of India, 1990–2016 in the Global Burden of Disease Study

18% of the world's population lives in India, and many states of India have populations similar to those of large countries. Action to effectively improve population health in India requires availability of reliable and comprehensive state-level estimates of disease burden and risk factors over time. Such comprehensive estimates have not been available so far for all major diseases and risk factors. Thus, we aimed to estimate the disease burden and risk factors in every state of India as part of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2016