29 research outputs found

    БАΠ₯АРНЫЙ Π”Π˜ΠΠ‘Π•Π’ β€” ΠžΠŸΠΠ‘ΠΠ•Π™Π¨Π˜Π™ Π’Π«Π—ΠžΠ’ ΠœΠ˜Π ΠžΠ’ΠžΠœΠ£ Π‘ΠžΠžΠ‘Π©Π•Π‘Π’Π’Π£

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    According to the WHO and the UN definitions, diabetes mellitus is a non-infectious disease that has an epidemic spread rate, this has led to the UN 2006 resolution against diabetes mellitus. A special diabetologic service has been established in Russia which includes Federal and regional diabetes centres, endocrinologic clinics, equipped with modern diagnostic and treatment equipment for diabetes and its vascular complications handling. Planning of diabetologic service functioning is based on State diabetes mellitus register data, according to which nowadays in Russia 3 268 871Β  patients have been registered. This article contains data from control-and-epidemiological studies from various regions of Russia which have shown real spread of the disease. This article also contains information about innovative technologies of treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications, international and national foreground studies, as well as discussion of diabetologic service development perspectives.Π‘Π°Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅Ρ‚, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π’ΠžΠ— ΠΈ ООН, относят ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ заболСваниям с эпидСмичСской ΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ роста распространСнности, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΡƒΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ООН Π² 2006 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠΎ Π±ΠΎΡ€ΡŒΠ±Π΅ с сахарным Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ. Π’ России создана ΠΈ эффСктивно Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ диабСтологичСская слуТба, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅Ρ‚Π°, эндокринологичСскиС диспансСры, оснащСнныС соврС-ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ для диагностики ΠΈ лСчСния сахарного Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ сосудистых ослоТнСний. ΠŸΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ диабСтологичСской слуТбы основано Π½Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ГосударствСнного рСгистра Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… сахарным Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, согласно ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ Π² настоящСС врСмя Π² России ΠΏΠΎ обращаСмости зарСгистрированы 3 268 871 больной. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-эпидСмологичСских исслСдований Π² Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ… России, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π²ΡˆΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ‡ΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ. Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ прСдставлСны ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π² Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ сахарного Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ослоТ-Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π² ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π΅ ΠΈ России, ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ пСрспСктивы развития диабСтологичСской слуТбы

    ΠΠžΠ—ΠžΠ›ΠžΠ“Π˜Π§Π•Π‘ΠšΠΠ― Π“Π•Π’Π•Π ΠžΠ“Π•ΠΠΠžΠ‘Π’Π¬, ΠœΠžΠ›Π•ΠšΠ£Π›Π―Π ΠΠΠ― Π“Π•ΠΠ•Π’Π˜ΠšΠ И Π˜ΠœΠœΠ£ΠΠžΠ›ΠžΠ“Π˜Π― ΠΠ£Π’ΠžΠ˜ΠœΠœΠ£ΠΠΠžΠ“Πž БАΠ₯ΠΠ ΠΠžΠ“Πž Π”Π˜ΠΠ‘Π•Π’Π

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    Article is devoted to the review of literature data, and also the analysis of results of own researches concerning genetics, molecular genetics and immunological violations at various forms of the autoimmune diabetes (DM) including classical T1DM, LADA type and an autoimmune polyglandular syndrome of 1 type (APS1). In case of T1DM more than 80% of patients are carriers of one or two strongest predisposing haplotypes: DRB1*O4-DQA1*O3O1-DQB1*O3O2 and DRB1*O3-DQA1*O5O1- DQB1*O201 designated as DQ2 and DQ8. HLA genes can model a clinical features of disease. In Russian population, the children with diabetes manifestation up to 5-year age has significantly often high risk genotypes (DQ2/DQ8) and significantly less the low risk genotypes in comparison with children, who had manifestation of T1DM in 10 years and later. The long-term16-years family studies showed the maximum frequency of T1DM in high risk group, constantly accruing in process of increase in term of supervision, and in groups of an average and low risk lower and invariable. The highest risk of T1DM manifestation, reaching 90% at 10 years of supervision is defined by existence of HLA high risk genotypes and many antibodies, revealed from early age. LADA ― the hybrid form of autoimmune DM having signs of T1DM and T2DM in the basis. The development of autoimmune process against Ξ²-cells can be caused by only gene mutation (APS1). The part of T1DM cases which doesn't have the contributing HLA genes and autoimmune markers in process of studying of the importance of various genes and their biological value can be attributed to new, yet unknown forms of DM.Β Π‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ посвящСна ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€Ρƒ Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Ρƒ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² собствСнных исслСдований, ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, молСкулярной Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ иммунологичСских Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ… Π°ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ сахарного Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅Ρ‚Π° (Π‘Π”), Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ классичСский Π‘Π” 1-Π³ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° (Π‘Π”1), LADA ΠΈ Π°ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ полигландулярный синдром 1-Π³ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° (АПБ1). ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Π‘Π”1 Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 80% ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ носитСлями ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ сильно ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡŽ Π‘Π”1 Π³Π°ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ²: DRB1*O4-DQA1*O3O1-DQB1*O3O2 ΠΈ DRB1*O3DQA1*O5O1-DQB1*O201, ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ DQ2 ΠΈ DQ8. Π“Π΅Π½Ρ‹ HLA ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ клиничСскиС особСнности Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ. Π’ русской популяции Ρƒ Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ΠΉ, Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡˆΠΈΡ… Π΄ΠΎ пятилСтнСго возраста, достовСрно Ρ‡Π°Ρ‰Π΅ Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΡ‹ высокого риска (DQ2/DQ8) ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΅ ― Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΡ‹ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ риска ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ с Π΄Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒΠΌΠΈ с Π΄Π΅Π±ΡŽΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ Π‘Π”1 Π² возрастС ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅ 10 Π»Π΅Ρ‚. Π’ сСмСйных ΡˆΠ΅ΡΡ‚Π½Π°Π΄Ρ†Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΈΡ… исслСдованиях частотаБД1 Π² Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ высокого риска Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° максимальной, Π½Π°Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ увСличСния срока наблюдСния, Π° Π² Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ… срСднСго ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ риска ― Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ. НаиболСС высокий риск развития Π‘Π”1, Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ 90% ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ дСсятилСтнСм наблюдСнии, опрСдСляСтся Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ HLA-Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² высокого риска ΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ мноТСства Π°ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΠ°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π», выявляСмых с Ρ€Π°Π½Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ возраста. LADA ― гибридная Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ° Π°ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π‘Π”, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ Π² своСй основС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΈ Π‘Π”1 ΠΈ Π‘Π”2. Π Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ² Ξ²-ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ обусловлСно Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ СдинствСнной Π³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΡƒΡ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ (АПБ1). Π§Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ случаСв Π‘Π”1, Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… HLA-Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π°ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ изучСния значимости Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… биологичСского значСния ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ отнСсСна ΠΊ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° нСизвСстным Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°ΠΌ Π‘Π”.

    ЭпигСнСтичСскиС аспСкты остСопороза

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    This review describes the epigenetic regulation of osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis and its future implementation in the diagnosis andΒ treatment of osteoporosis. A considerable part of the review is dedicated to the microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs are small regulatory factors thatΒ regulate gene expression, by post-transcriptional regulation of genes playing an important role in numerous cellular processes, including cell differentiationΒ and apoptosis. Recently, a number of studies have revealed that miRNAs participate in bone homeostasis and their role in the pathogenesisΒ of osteoporosis is practically evident. In this review, we highlight the miRNAs involved in bone remodelling and their roles in osteoporosis. miRNAsΒ are stable molecules which make them promising potential markers for bone remodeling and osteoporosis.ΠžΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ пСрспСктивы использования эпигСнСтичСских ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² рСгуляции остСобласто- ΠΈ остСокластогСнСза Π² Ρ€Π°Π½Π½Π΅ΠΉ диагностикС ΠΈ Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ остСопороза. ОсобоС Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ классу ΠΌΠ°Π»Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… рСгуляторных РНК β€” ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ ΠΠš (мкРНК),Β ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡ€Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡŽ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° посттранскрипционном ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅, участвуя практичСски Π²ΠΎ всСх биологичСских процСссах в ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π΄ΠΈΡ„Ρ„Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΡƒ ΠΈ Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΎΠ·. Π˜Π·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ мкРНК Π² рСгуляции костного ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΒ Π½Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ всС Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡ… участиС Π² ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π΅ остСопороза. Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»ΡŒ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ ΠΠš, Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΠΎΒ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π½Π° костный ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ. Π£ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΉΡ‡ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ мкРНК ΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π² пСрифСричСской ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΒ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ спСцифичныС для костной Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ мкРНК Π² качСствС ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… диагностичСских ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² костного рСмодСлированияи остСопороза

    Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π² сывороткС ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ Ρƒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с эндогСнным Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°Π»ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ: ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ΅ исслСдованиС Β«ΡΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΠΉβˆ’ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΒ»

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    Background:Β Myokines are produced and released by muscle cells in response to muscular contractions. Endogenous Cushing syndrome (CS) and acromegaly cause significant changes in muscle tissue leading to atrophy or hypertrophy. However, there is no data whether these endocrine abnormalities influence myokine secretion.Β Aims: To evaluate serum levels of myostatin, interleukin-6 (IL6) and irisin in patients with CS and acromegaly.Β Materials and methods: Fasting serum samples were taken and stored in aliquot at ≀-20Β°C from consecutive subjects with clinically evident and biochemically confirmed active CS, acromegaly and healthy volunteers matched by age, sex and body mass index (BMI). Commercially available kits were used to assay serum myokine levels. Grip strength was measured by a dynamometer. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) was measured by immunochemiluminescence assay (Liaison), twenty-four hours urine free cortisol (24hUFC) ― by immunochemiluminescence assay (Vitros ECi), salivary free cortisol ― by electrochemiluminescence assay (Cobas). One-way ANOVA was utilized to assess the difference between groups.Β Results: We enrolled 88 subjects: 30 patients suffered from CS (group 1), 28 ― acromegaly (2) and 30 matched healthy controls (3) with no difference among the groups in sex, age and BMI (p=0.492, 0.062 and 0.174 respectively). Mean 24hUFC in subjects with CS and mean IGF1 in subjects with acromegaly were significantly higher as compared to other groups (p0.001). Right-hand grip strength was lower in patients with CS as compared to both patients with acromegaly and healthy subjects (p=0.04). However, among these young adults we did not find statistically significant differences in measured myokines levels: irisin ― p=0.15; IL6 ― p=0.34; myostatin ― p=0.50. There was a significant correlation between myostatin and irisin in the whole group of people and in every separately analyzed subset of patients (p0.001), but no correlation was found between any measured myokines and 24hUFC or IGF1.Conclusions:Β Hypercortisolism or supraphysiological IGF1 levels do not significantly influence serum levels of myostatin, IL6 and irisin in young adults.РСзюмС: ΠœΠΈΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΌΠΈΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π° сокращСния ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΡ†. Π­Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ ΠΈ акромСгалия Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Π΅ измСнСния Π² ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ, приводящиС ΠΊ Π΅Π΅ Π°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠΈ. ВмСстС с Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, Π½Π΅Ρ‚ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡŽΡ‚ Π»ΠΈ эти эндокринныС Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΡ†.ЦСль: ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ сывороточноС содСрТаниС ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² (ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π»Π΅ΠΉΠΊΠΈΠ½-6, миостатин, ΠΈΡ€ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠ½) Ρƒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с эндогСнным Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°Π»ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ.ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹: Для провСдСния исслСдования взяты ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Ρ‹ сывороток Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‰Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ, Π·Π°ΠΌΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ T° ≀-20ΒΊC, Ρƒ Π»ΠΈΡ† с ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ Π˜Ρ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΎ-ΠšΡƒΡˆΠΈΠ½Π³Π° (Π‘Π˜Πš) ΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°Π»ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Ρƒ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡ†Π΅Π², ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎ возрасту, ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρƒ ΠΈ индСксу массы Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π° (ИМВ). ИсслСдованиС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° Π±Π°Π·Π΅ отдСлСния нСйроэндокринологии ΠΈ остСопатий Π€Π“Π‘Π£ «ЭндокринологичСский Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Β». Для опрСдСлСния уровня ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹Β ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ доступныС Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ для ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΎΡ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°. Π£ всСх Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π»ΠΈΡ† сила сТатия кисти ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΡΠ»Π°ΡΡŒ Ρ€ΡƒΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ. Π˜Π½ΡΡƒΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ роста 1 (ИЀР-1) ΠΈ свободный ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ» Π² суточной ΠΌΠΎΡ‡Π΅Β ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡŒ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΎΡ…Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠ»ΡŽΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΡ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ, свободный ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ» Π² слюнС - ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΡ…Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠ»ΡŽΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΡ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ. Для ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ использован ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ диспСрсионный Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ANOVA.Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹: Π’ исслСдованиС Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ 88 Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ [30 ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с болСзнью Π˜Ρ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΎ-ΠšΡƒΡˆΠΈΠ½Π³Π° (Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ° 1), 28 с Π°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°Π»ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ (Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ° 2) ΠΈ 30 условно Π·Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… Π»ΠΈΡ† (Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ° 3)], Π±Π΅Π· Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρƒ, возрасту ΠΈ ИМВ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ (p=0,492, 0,062 ΠΈΒ 0,174 соотвСтствСнно). Π‘Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ свободного ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»Π° Π² суточной ΠΌΠΎΡ‡Π΅ Ρƒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с Π‘Π˜Πš ΠΈ срСдний ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ ИРЀ-1 Ρƒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с Π°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°Π»ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅, Π½Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π² Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ… (p0,001). Π‘ΠΈΠ»Π° сТатия ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎΠΉ кисти Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ Ρƒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с Π‘Π˜Πš ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ с ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°Π»ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ со Π·Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π°ΠΌΠΈ (p=0,04). Однако Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ статистичСски Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… уровнях ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²: ΠΈΡ€ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠ½ - p=0,15; Π˜Π›-6 - p=0,34; миостатин - p=0,50. Π’ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ ΠΈ Π² Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ срСди ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² имСлась коррСляционная связь ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΌ миостатина ΠΈ ΠΈΡ€ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠ½Π° (p0,001), Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π˜Π›-6. НС выявлСно зависимости ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ Π² суточной ΠΌΠΎΡ‡Π΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ИРЀ1 ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ….Π’Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄: эндогСнный Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ (болСзнь Π˜Ρ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΎ-ΠšΡƒΡˆΠΈΠ½Π³Π°) ΠΈ супрафизиологичСский ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ ИРЀ-1 Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡŽΡ‚ Π½Π° сывороточныС ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ миостатина, Π˜Π›-6 ΠΈ ΠΈΡ€ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠ½Π° Ρƒ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²

    Standards of specialized diabetes care

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    Dear Colleagues! We are glad to present the 8th Edition of Standards of Diabetes Care. These evidence-based guidelines were designed to standardize and facilitate diabetes care in all regions of the Russian Federation. The Standards are updated on the regular basis to incorporate new data and relevant recommendations from national and international clinical societies, including World Health Organization Guidelines (WHO, 2011, 2013), International Diabetes Federation (IDF, 2011, 2012, 2013), American Diabetes Association (ADA, 2012, 2017), American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE, 2017), International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD, 2014) and Russian Association of Endocrinologists (RAE, 2011, 2012, 2015). Current edition of the "Standards" also integrates results of completed randomized clinical trials (ADVANCE, ACCORD, VADT, UKPDS, SAVOR, TECOS, LEADER, EMPA-REG OUTCOME, etc.), as well as findings from the national studies of diabetes mellitus (DM), conducted in close partnership with a number of Russian hospitals. Latest data indicates that prevalence of DM in the world increased during the last decade more than two-fold, reaching some 415 million patients by the end of 2015. According to the current estimation by the International Diabetes Federation, 642 million patients will be suffering from DM by 2040. These observations resulted in the UN Resolution on Diabetes 61/225 passed on 20.12.2006, and in 2011 - UN Political Declaration, addressed to national health systems, calling for the establishment of multidisciplinary strategy in the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases, where special attention is drawn to the problem of diabetes as one of the leading causes of disability and mortality. Like many other countries, Russian Federation experiences a sharp rise in the prevalence of DM. According to Russian Federal Diabetes Register, there are at least 4.35 million patients with DM in this country by the end of 2016 (3% of population) with 92% (4 million) - Type 2 DM, 6% (255 th) - Type 1 DM and 2% (75 th) - other types of DM. However, these results underestimates real quantity of patients, because they consider only registered cases. Results of Russian epidemiological study (NATION) confirmed that only 50% of Type 2 DM are diagnosed. So real prevalence of patients with DM in Russia is no less than 8-9 million patients (about 6% of population). This is a great long-term problem, because a lot of patients are not diagnosed, so they don't receive any treatment ant have high risk of vascular complications. Severe consequences of the global pandemics of DM include its vascular complications: nephropathy, retinopathy, coronary, cerebral, coronary and peripheral vascular disease. These conditions are responsible for the majority of cases of diabetes-related disability and death. Current edition of the "Standards" emphasizes the patient-oriented approach in making decisions on therapeutic goals, such as levels of glycaemia and blood pressure. It also features updated guidelines on the management of Type 2 DM and its vascular complications, added information about bariatric surgery as a method of treatment of DM with morbide obesity. This text represents a consensus by the absolute majority of national experts, achieved through a number of fruitful discussions held at national meetings and forums. These guidelines are intended for endocrinologists and diabetologists, primary care physicians, cardiologists and other medical professionals involved in prevention and treatment of DM. On behalf of the Working Group
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