”We call her Pallas you know”:naming, taking and the construction of Athena in Greek culture and thought

The focus for this article is something often overlooked in assessments of Athena, that the goddess is often known by two names: as Pallas Athena. I analyse the meanings of these names in relation to Plato’s linguistic theory as set out in the Kratylos and in Loraux’s argument that ‘Athena’ and ‘Pallas’ connote different qualities in Euripides’ Ion. My study makes a challenge to the long-standing and enduring framework for interpreting the goddess as an inherently meaningful concept that sits behind any given source.La focale de cet article est un sujet souvent négligé dans les travaux sur Athéna, à savoir que la déesse est généralement connue sous deux noms : Pallas Athéna. On analyse donc la signification de ces noms en relation avec la théorie platonicienne du langage, telle qu’énoncée dans le Cratyle et en examinant les arguments avancés par Nicole Loraux selon laquelle «Athéna» et «Pallas» connoteraient deux qualités différentes dans l’Ion d’Euripide. Cette analyse revisite un cadre ancien et résistant quant à l’interprétation de la déesse comme un concept significatif en soi qui sous-tendrait n’importe quelle source

Young Adults’ Conceptions of the Sacred in Finland Today

Peer reviewe

The impact of trisomy 21 on epidemiology, management, and outcomes of congenital duodenal obstruction: a population-based study

Abstract: Purpose: Congenital duodenal obstruction (CDO) is associated with trisomy 21 (T21), or Down’s syndrome, in around a third of infants. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of T21 on the epidemiology, management, and outcomes of infants with CDO. Methods: Data were prospectively collected from specialist neonatal surgical centres in the United Kingdom over a 12 month period from March 2016 using established population-based methodology for all babies with CDO. Infants with T21 were compared to those without any chromosomal anomaly. Results: Of 102 infants with CDO that underwent operative repair, T21 was present in 33 [32% (95% CI 23–41%)] babies. Cardiac anomalies were more common in those with T21 compared to those without a chromosomal anomaly (91 vs 17%, p < 0.001), whereas associated gastrointestinal anomalies were less common in infants with T21 (3 vs 12%, p = 0.03). Surgical management was not influenced by T21. Time to achieve full enteral feed, need for repeat related surgery, and mortality were similar between groups. Infants with T21 had a longer median initial inpatient stay (23 vs 16.5 days, p = 0.02). Conclusions: Infants with T21 have a higher incidence of cardiac anomalies and a longer initial inpatient stay; however, it does not change CDO management or outcomes. This information is important for prenatal and postnatal counselling of parents of infants with CDO and T21

The impact of trisomy 21 on epidemiology, management, and outcomes of congenital duodenal obstruction: a population-based study

Abstract: Purpose: Congenital duodenal obstruction (CDO) is associated with trisomy 21 (T21), or Down’s syndrome, in around a third of infants. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of T21 on the epidemiology, management, and outcomes of infants with CDO. Methods: Data were prospectively collected from specialist neonatal surgical centres in the United Kingdom over a 12 month period from March 2016 using established population-based methodology for all babies with CDO. Infants with T21 were compared to those without any chromosomal anomaly. Results: Of 102 infants with CDO that underwent operative repair, T21 was present in 33 [32% (95% CI 23–41%)] babies. Cardiac anomalies were more common in those with T21 compared to those without a chromosomal anomaly (91 vs 17%, p < 0.001), whereas associated gastrointestinal anomalies were less common in infants with T21 (3 vs 12%, p = 0.03). Surgical management was not influenced by T21. Time to achieve full enteral feed, need for repeat related surgery, and mortality were similar between groups. Infants with T21 had a longer median initial inpatient stay (23 vs 16.5 days, p = 0.02). Conclusions: Infants with T21 have a higher incidence of cardiac anomalies and a longer initial inpatient stay; however, it does not change CDO management or outcomes. This information is important for prenatal and postnatal counselling of parents of infants with CDO and T21