Measurement of ep→epπ0 beam spin asymmetries above the resonance region

The beam spin asymmetry (BSA) in the exclusive reaction e→p→epπ0 was measured with the CEBAF 5.77 GeV polarized electron beam and Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS). The xB,Q2,t, and ϕ dependences of the π0 BSA are presented in the deep inelastic regime. The asymmetries are fitted with a sinϕ function and their amplitudes are extracted. Overall, they are of the order of 0.04–0.11 and roughly independent of t. This is the signature of a nonzero longitudinal-transverse interference. The implications concerning the applicability of a formalism based on generalized parton distributions, as well as the extension of a Regge formalism at high photon virtualities, are discussed

A limit result for a system of particles in random environment

We consider an infinite system of particles in one dimension, each particle performs independant Sinai's random walk in random environment. Considering an instant $t$, large enough, we prove a result in probability showing that the particles are trapped in the neighborhood of well defined points of the lattice depending on the random environment the time $t$ and the starting point of the particles.Comment: 11 page

Quantifying Masking Fault-Tolerance via Fair Stochastic Games

We introduce a formal notion of masking fault-tolerance between probabilistic transition systems using stochastic games. These games are inspired in bisimulation games, but they also take into account the possible faulty behavior of systems. When no faults are present, these games boil down to probabilistic bisimulation games. Since these games could be infinite, we propose a symbolic way of representing them so that they can be solved in polynomial time. In particular, we use this notion of masking to quantify the level of masking fault-tolerance exhibited by almost-sure failing systems, i.e., those systems that eventually fail with probability 1. The level of masking fault-tolerance of almost-sure failing systems can be calculated by solving a collection of functional equations. We produce this metric in a setting in which one of the player behaves in a strong fair way (mimicking the idea of fair environments).Comment: In Proceedings EXPRESS/SOS2023, arXiv:2309.05788. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2207.0204

Exact Tagged Particle Correlations in the Random Average Process

We study analytically the correlations between the positions of tagged particles in the random average process, an interacting particle system in one dimension. We show that in the steady state the mean squared auto-fluctuation of a tracer particle grows subdiffusively as $sigma^2(t) ~ t^{1/2}$ for large time t in the absence of external bias, but grows diffusively $sigma^2(t) ~ t$ in the presence of a nonzero bias. The prefactors of the subdiffusive and diffusive growths as well as the universal scaling function describing the crossover between them are computed exactly. We also compute $sigma_r^2(t)$, the mean squared fluctuation in the position difference of two tagged particles separated by a fixed tag shift r in the steady state and show that the external bias has a dramatic effect in the time dependence of $sigma_r^2(t)$. For fixed r, $sigma_r^2(t)$ increases monotonically with t in absence of bias but has a non-monotonic dependence on t in presence of bias. Similarities and differences with the simple exclusion process are also discussed.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, revte

Non-equilibrium phase transitions in one-dimensional kinetic Ising models

A family of nonequilibrium kinetic Ising models, introduced earlier, evolving under the competing effect of spin flips at {\it zero temperature} and nearest neighbour random spin exchanges is further investigated here. By increasing the range of spin exchanges and/or their strength the nature of the phase transition 'Ising-to-active' becomes of (dynamic) mean-field type and a first order tricitical point is located at the Glauber ($\delta=0$) limit. Corrections to mean-field theory are evaluated up to sixth order in a cluster approximation and found to give good results concerning the phase boundary and the critical exponent $\beta$ of the order parameter which is obtained as $\beta\simeq1.0$.Comment: 15 pages, revtex file, figures available at request from [email protected] in postscript format, submitted to J.Phys.

Anomalous tag diffusion in the asymmetric exclusion model with particles of arbitrary sizes

Anomalous behavior of correlation functions of tagged particles are studied in generalizations of the one dimensional asymmetric exclusion problem. In these generalized models the range of the hard-core interactions are changed and the restriction of relative ordering of the particles is partially brocken. The models probing these effects are those of biased diffusion of particles having size S=0,1,2,..., or an effective negative "size" S=-1,-2,..., in units of lattice space. Our numerical simulations show that irrespective of the range of the hard-core potential, as long some relative ordering of particles are kept, we find suitable sliding-tag correlation functions whose fluctuations growth with time anomalously slow ($t^{{1/3}}$), when compared with the normal diffusive behavior ($t^{{1/2}}$). These results indicate that the critical behavior of these stochastic models are in the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality class. Moreover a previous Bethe-ansatz calculation of the dynamical critical exponent $z$, for size $S \geq 0$ particles is extended to the case $S<0$ and the KPZ result $z=3/2$ is predicted for all values of $S \in {Z}$.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Long-term outcome after early infrainguinal graft failure

AbstractPurpose: To determine the long-term outcome and prognostic factors after early infrainguinal graft failure (<30 days).Methods: Retrospective analysis of limb salvage data, patency data, and prognostic risk factors in 112 new infrainguinal bypass grafts from 1985 to 1995 that occluded within 30 days of operation.Result: Thirty-six femoropopliteal and 76 femorotibial/femoropedal arterial bypass (“index”) procedures were performed for rest pain (50%), tissue loss (31%), or disabling claudication (19%). In 103 patients, an immediate additional revascularization (“takeback”) procedure was performed at the time of early graft failure. Life table analysis of the takeback procedures for threatened limbs (n = 84) revealed limb salvage rates of 74%, 54%, 40%, and 31% at 1 month, 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years, respectively. The 1-month limb salvage rate (threatened limbs) was 12% (1 of 8) in patients who were not taken back for revascularization and 33% (4 of 12) in patients who had undergone more than one takeback procedure within 30 days. The secondary graft patency rates for the takeback procedures (n = 103) were 70%, 37%, 27%, and 23% at 1 month, 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years, respectively. Univariate and life table analysis revealed that patients who were given anticoagulation medication after the index procedure (before graft thrombosis) or patients who had undergone previous ipsilateral leg revascularization had significantly lower rates of limb salvage and graft patency (p < 0.05). The limb salvage rate was also significantly worse in patients who had single-vessel runoff compared with those who had multiple-vessel runoff (p < 0.01). Thrombectomy and revision or complete graft replacement had a better secondary patency rate than thrombectomy alone (p < 0.05). Autogenous vein grafts had better outcome than polytetrafluoroethylene-containing grafts, but statistical significance was not achieved. No significant differences in limb salvage or graft patency rates were found between femoropopliteal versus femorotibial/femoropedal bypass grafting, age, gender, previous inflow surgery, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, or cardiac, renal, or pulmonary disease.Conclusion: The long-term limb salvage and graft patency rates after takeback revascularization procedures for early graft failure are poor. Despite poor outcome, a single takeback procedure appears warranted in all patients. Multiple takeback procedures, however, do not appear to be justified, especially in patients who are given anticoagulation medication after the index bypass procedure, repeat leg bypass procedures, or if there is no potential for graft revision

Chronic Hepatitis C Treatment in Patients with Drug Injection History: Findings of the INTEGRATE Prospective, Observational Study.

INTRODUCTION: People who inject drugs represent an under-treated chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patient population. METHODS: INTEGRATE was a prospective, observational study investigating the effectiveness, safety, and adherence in routine clinical practice to telaprevir in combination with peg-interferon and ribavirin (Peg-IFN/RBV) in patients with history of injecting drug use chronically infected with genotype 1 HCV. RESULTS: A total of 46 patients were enrolled and included in the intent-to-treat (ITT) population. Among heroin and/or cocaine users (n = 37; 80%), 22% reported use in the past month; 74% (34/46) of patients were on opioid substitution therapy in the pre-treatment phase, and 43% (20/46) discontinued HCV treatment prematurely. Sustained virologic response rate was 54% (25/46) in the ITT population and 74% (25/34) in the per protocol (evaluable-for-effectiveness) population. The main reason for failure in the ITT analysis was loss to follow-up (n = 8; 17%). Adverse events occurred in 91% (42/46) of patients. Mean patient-reported adherence to study drugs was >89% at Week 4, Week 12 and end of treatment. CONCLUSION: Despite a high rate of treatment discontinuation (including loss to follow-up), self-reported adherence to treatment was good and virologic cure rates were similar to those reported in large real-world cohorts. Our findings suggest that people with a history of injecting drug use should be considered for treatment of chronic HCV infection, and highlight the need for improvements in patient support to boost retention in care and, in turn, help to prevent reinfection and transmission. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov identifier, NCT01980290. FUNDING: Janssen Pharmaceuticals

Non equilibrium steady states: fluctuations and large deviations of the density and of the current

These lecture notes give a short review of methods such as the matrix ansatz, the additivity principle or the macroscopic fluctuation theory, developed recently in the theory of non-equilibrium phenomena. They show how these methods allow to calculate the fluctuations and large deviations of the density and of the current in non-equilibrium steady states of systems like exclusion processes. The properties of these fluctuations and large deviation functions in non-equilibrium steady states (for example non-Gaussian fluctuations of density or non-convexity of the large deviation function which generalizes the notion of free energy) are compared with those of systems at equilibrium.Comment: 35 pages, 9 figure