Microstructure and corrosion evolution of additively manufactured aluminium alloy AA7075 as a function of ageing

Additively manufactured high strength aluminium alloy AA7075 was prepared using selective laser melting. High strength aluminium alloys prepared by selective laser melting have not been widely studied to date. The evolution of microstructure and hardness, with the attendant corrosion, were investigated. Additively manufactured AA7075 was investigated both in the as-produced condition and as a function of artificial ageing. The microstructure of specimens prepared was studied using electron microscopy. Production of AA7075 by selective laser melting generated a unique microstructure, which was altered by solutionising and further altered by artificial ageing - resulting in microstructures distinctive to that of wrought AA7075-T6. The electrochemical response of additively manufactured AA7075 was dependent on processing history, and unique to wrought AA7075-T6, whereby dissolution rates were generally lower for additively manufactured AA7075. Furthermore, immersion exposure testing followed by microscopy, indicated different corrosion morphology for additively manufactured AA7075, whereby resultant pit size was notably smaller, in contrast to wrought AA7075-T6.Comment: 37 pages, includes 4 Tables and 11 Figure

Germinação e produção de pólen de três cultivares de marmeleiro empregados no melhoramento genético de porta-enxertos para a cultura da pereira.

O objetivo foi avaliar a viabilidade e produção de pólen de três cultivares de marmeleiro.Resumo

Desenvolvimento inicial de plantas de soja supridas com diferentes doses de cama de aviário.

RESUMO: A cama de aviário quando manejada de forma adequada pode suprir, parcial ou totalmente, o uso de fertilizante químico na produção de grãos. Para avaliar a influência de diferentes doses de cama de aviário no desenvolvimento inicial de plantas de soja instalou-se um experimento em casa de Vegetação, na fazenda Fontes do Saber pertencente à Universidade de Rio Verde- FESURV. Goiás. Os tratamentos foram cinco doses de cama de aviário (0;12,5; 25; 37,5 e 50 g de cama de aviário/kg de solo) e dois condicionadores: cama tratada com cal (CT CaO) e cama tratada com sulfato de alumínio (CT Al2(SO4)3). Avaliou-se o número de plântulas emergidas, diariamente e aos 28 dias após a semeadura coletou-se a parte aérea e as raízes para determinação do peso da matéria seca. Não houve interação significativa entre condicionadores e doses de cama de aviário. Porém, o índice de velocidade de emergência (IVE), matéria seca da parte aérea e das raízes das plantas de soja foram influenciados significativamente com o aumento das doses de cama de aviário. O uso de condicionadores nas não influenciou de forma significativa o IVE e a matéria seca da parte aérea, porém, a matéria seca das raízes reduziu significativamente com CT Al2(SO4)3

Role of protein kinase R in the killing of Leishmania major by macrophages in response to neutrophil elastase and TLR4 via TNF and IFN

In cutaneous leishmaniasis, Leishmania amazonensis activates macrophage double-stranded, RNA-activated protein kinase R (PKR) to promote parasite growth. In our study, Leishmania major grew normally in RAW cells, RAW-expressing dominant-negative PKR (PKR-DN) cells, and macrophages of PKR-knockout mice, revealing that PKR is dispensable for L. major growth in macrophages. PKR activation in infected macrophages with poly I:C resulted in parasite death. Fifty percent of L. major-knockout lines for the ecotin-like serine peptidase inhibitor (ISP2; Δisp2/isp3), an inhibitor of neutrophil elastase (NE), died in RAW cells or macrophages from 129Sv mice, as a result of PKR activation. Inhibition of PKR or NE or neutralization of Toll-like receptor 4 or 2(TLR4 or TLR2) prevented the death of Δisp2/isp3. Δisp2/isp3 grew normally in RAW-PKR-DN cells or macrophages from 129Sv pkr−/−, tlr2−/−, trif−/−, and myd88−/− mice, associating NE activity, PKR, and TLR responses with parasite death. Δisp2/isp3 increased the expression of mRNA for TNF-α by 2-fold and of interferon β (IFNβ) in a PKR-dependent manner. Antibodies to TNF-α reversed the 95% killing by Δisp2/isp3, whereas they grew normally in macrophages from IFN receptor–knockout mice. We propose that ISP2 prevents the activation of PKR via an NE-TLR4-TLR2 axis to control innate responses that contribute to the killing of L. major.—Faria, M. S., Calegari-Silva, T. C., de Carvalho Vivarini, A., Mottram, J. C., Lopes, U. G., Lima, A. P. C. A. Role of protein kinase R in the killing of Leishmania major by macrophages in response to neutrophil elastase and TLR4 via TNFα and IFNβ

Pathogenic Rickettsia in ticks of spur-thighed tortoise (Testudo graeca) sold in a Qatar live animal market

Research Areas: Infectious Diseases ; Veterinary SciencesThe dissemination of vector arthropods harbouring zoonotic pathogens through the uncontrolled transboundary trade of exotic and pet animals poses an important threat to Public Health. In the present report, we describe the introduction of pathogenic Rickettsia africae and R. aeschlimanni in ticks removed from imported tortoises in Qatar. A total of 21 ticks were collected from pet spur‐thighed tortoises (Testudo graeca) from Doha, May 2018, and studied for species identification and characterization of Rickettsia spp. Morphological and molecular analysis of ticks allowed their identification as Hyalomma aegyptium. Molecular analysis of partial ompA and gltA genes showed that Rickettsia sequences found on these ticks clustered with sequences classified as R. aeschilimanii and R. africae. Since pre‐adult stages of H. aegyptium also feed on humans, this tick species may play a role in the transmission of R. aeschilimanii and R. africae. We alert for the introduction of non‐native pets as vehicles for tick importation, known vectors for animal and human pathogenic agents. Importation of exotic species into non‐autochthonous countries deserves strict control to enforce robust surveillance and mitigate potential exotic diseases epidemics.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Perfil sanitário de rebanhos ovinos e caprinos da Microrregião do Alto Médio Gurguéia, no Sul do estado do Piauí, Brasil.

Resumo: Objetivou-se caracterizar o perfil sanitário de rebanhos caprinos e ovinos na Microrregião do Alto Médio Gurguéia, sul do estado do Piauí. Foi aplicado questionário em 53 unidades produtoras. O manejo sanitário, características das instalações e sinais clínicos das enfermidades foram descritas. Verificou-se que 92,4% dos rebanhos foram acondicionados em ?chiqueiros?. A higiene diária das instalações era realizada em 1,9% das propriedades e 13,2% não adotavam higiene sanitária alguma. A vermifugação foi a prática mais difundida (94,3%) e os principais achados clínicos foram sugestivos de doenças infecciosas e parasitárias. Conclui-se que o manejo sanitário tem sido empregado de forma inadequada, com a manifestação de sinais clínicos que podem decorrer de enfermidades peculiares a caprino e ovinocultura. Abstract: This study aimed to characterize the health profile of goats and sheep herds in the High Middle Gurguéia micro-region, the southern state of Piaui. A questionnaire was applied at 53 farms. The health management, animal facilities and clinical signs of disease were described. The results showed that 92.4% of the herds were kept in "sty". Daily hygiene of the animal facilities was carried out at 1.9% and 13.2% of farms did not adopt any health care. The worming practice was more widespread (94.3%) and the main clinical findings were suggestive of infectious and parasitic diseases. We conclude that the health management has been used inappropriately, with manifestation of clinical signs that may result from diseases peculiar to goat and sheep industr

Comportamento da secagem da hortelã da folha miúda

O consumo de remédios à base de ervas e plantas medicinais é prática comum para cerca de 80% da população mundial, segundo estimativas da Organização Mundial da Saúde. No Brasil, plantas são importadas para a produção de cosméticos e medicamentos, porque a oferta é irregular, além da baixa qualidade dos produtos nacionais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o comportamento da secagem para hortelã da folha miúda, secando-a em estufa com circulação de ar nas temperaturas de 45, 55 e 65 ºC. Para representar o processo de secagem foram utilizados 4 modelos matemáticos. Os modelos de Cavalcanti Mata, Henderson e Pabis, Logarítimico e Midilli foram ajustados aos valores experimentais e recomendados aqueles que apresentaram os melhores coeficientes de determinação (R²). Os coeficientes das equações foram obtidos por meio de estimativa não linear, utilizando-se o programa computacional STATISTIC 5.0.  Com base nos resultados verificou-se que todos os modelos utilizados ajustaram-se satisfatoriamente aos dados experimentais devido ao fato de todos apresentarem coeficientes de determinações superiores a 97,6%, e ainda que os modelos de  Cavalcanti Mata e o de Midilli foram os que melhor se ajustaram aos dados experimentais, obtendo-se coeficientes de determinação (R2) superior a 99,9%. Palavras-chave: plantas medicinais, secagem, modelagem matemática

New segregates from the Neotropical genus Stryphnodendron (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, mimosoid clade)

Non-monophyly is a prominent issue in mimosoid legumes, even in some of the less speciose genera such as the neotropical genus Stryphnodendron. This genus includes 35 species occurring from Nicaragua to Southern Brazil mostly in humid forests and savannas. Previous taxonomic studies of Stryphnodendron have highlighted morphologically distinct groups within the genus, recognized by differences on leaves (number of pinnae and size of leaflets), inflorescences (a simple or compound thyrse), and fruit types (legume, nucoid legume or follicle). Recent phylogenetic analyses have confirmed the non-monophyly of Stryphnodendron, supporting the recognition of three independent and morphologically well-delimited genera. Here we re-circumscribe Stryphnodendron and propose the two new genera Gwilymia and Naiadendron. In addition, we also provide an updated taxonomic account of the closely related genus Microlobius, including the proposal of a lectotype for the single species in the genus