80 research outputs found
Emerging criteria for the low-coherence cannot classify category
As suggested by Main et al., to respond to the need for an adaptation of the existing Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) coding system, especially regarding the application to nonnormative samples, this study presents additional criteria that characterize the low-coherence cannot classify (CC) category. Three AAIs were selected from a sample of parents of maltreated children. All transcripts indicated a very low coherence, with no evidence of contradictory insecure discourse strategies. Moreover, global category descriptors were identified, together with specific indices of discourse characteristics and features that highlight the breakdown in reasoning and discourse experienced by the speakers. The aim of the study is to illustrate new criteria to identify and rate a low-coherence CC profile toward the operationalization of this pervasively unintegrated state of mind. Through the definition of additional criteria for low-coherence CC category, our study helps the AAI and its coding system be more flexible and effective when dealing with clinical samples
Editoriale
L'uscita di quest'ultimo numero di Ricerca in Psicoterapia, a quindici anni dalla fondazione della sezione italiana della Society for Psychotherapy Research (SPR Italia), è una buona occasione per fare il punto della situazione sulla ricerca in psicoterapia nel nostro paese, e i lavori presentati in questo numero sono di fatto una rassegna degli studi principali dei maggiori filoni di ricerca portati avanti in questi anni dai gruppi italiani del settore. Questi lavori possono essere raggruppati in tre macrodomini: 1) ricerche relative alle caratteristiche delle diverse psicopatologie, 2) ricerche su processo ed esito delle psicoterapie e 3) ricerche sulle terapie condotte nei servizi pubblici. Nelle pagine che seguono cercherò di evidenziare i contributi più originali prodotti da questi gruppi e le loro principali collaborazioni con gruppi di ricerca attivi a livello internazionale
Some critical considerations about the document Psychotherapies for Anxiety and Depression: benefits and costs
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Diagnosi e valutazione della personalit alleanza terapeutica e scambio clinico nella ricerca in psicoterapia
Questo contributo si propone di fornire una breve rassegna delle principali linee di ricerca seguite negli ultimi anni dal gruppo coordinato da Vittorio Lingiardi. Tra queste, ci soffermeremo in particolare su: a) valutazione e diagnosi della personalità con SWAP-200 e PDM (Psychodynamic Diagnostic Manual); b) sviluppo e validazione di strumenti clinician-report per operazionalizare l'uso del PDM; c) valutazione dei meccanismi di difesa e degli stili difensivi mediante DMRS e sua versione Q sort; d) studio del processo e della relazione terapeutica (alleanza terapeutica, rotture e riparazioni dell'alleanza controtransfert); in particolare, in quest'area di ricerca, ci siamo impegnati nello sviluppo e validazione di nuovi strumenti per la valutazione dei processi di rottura e riparazione dell'alleanza (Collaborative Interaction Scale) e della qualità dell'attaccamento tra paziente e terapeuta (Patient-Therapist Attachment Q Sort); d) sviluppo della ricerca clinica e applicativa sui temi dell'identità di genere, dell'orientamento sessuale e dell'omofobia sociale e interiorizzata
Diagnosi e valutazione della personalit alleanza terapeutica e scambio clinico nella ricerca in psicoterapia
Questo contributo si propone di fornire una breve rassegna delle principali linee di ricerca seguite negli ultimi anni dal gruppo coordinato da Vittorio Lingiardi. Tra queste, ci soffermeremo in particolare su: a) valutazione e diagnosi della personalità con SWAP-200 e PDM (Psychodynamic Diagnostic Manual); b) sviluppo e validazione di strumenti clinician-report per operazionalizare l'uso del PDM; c) valutazione dei meccanismi di difesa e degli stili difensivi mediante DMRS e sua versione Q sort; d) studio del processo e della relazione terapeutica (alleanza terapeutica, rotture e riparazioni dell'alleanza controtransfert); in particolare, in quest'area di ricerca, ci siamo impegnati nello sviluppo e validazione di nuovi strumenti per la valutazione dei processi di rottura e riparazione dell'alleanza (Collaborative Interaction Scale) e della qualità dell'attaccamento tra paziente e terapeuta (Patient-Therapist Attachment Q Sort); d) sviluppo della ricerca clinica e applicativa sui temi dell'identità di genere, dell'orientamento sessuale e dell'omofobia sociale e interiorizzata
Risk of classic Kaposi sarcoma with exposures to plants and soils in Sicily
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Ecologic and in vitro studies suggest that exposures to plants or soil may influence risk of Kaposi sarcoma (KS).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In a population-based study of Sicily, we analyzed data on contact with 20 plants and residential exposure to 17 soils reported by 122 classic KS cases and 840 sex- and age-matched controls. With 88 KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) seropositive controls as the referent group, novel correlates of KS risk were sought, along with factors distinguishing seronegatives, in multinomial logistic regression models that included matching variables and known KS cofactors - smoking, cortisone use, and diabetes history. All plants were summed for cumulative exposure. Factor and cluster analyses were used to obtain scores and groups, respectively. Individual plants and soils in three levels of exposure with <it>P</it><sub>trend </sub>≤ 0.15 were retained in a backward elimination regression model.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Adjusted for known cofactors, KS was not related to cumulative exposures to 20 plants [per quartile adjusted odds ratio (OR<sub>adj</sub>) 0.96, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.73 - 1.25, <it>P</it><sub>trend </sub>= 0.87], nor was it related to any factor scores or cluster of plants (<it>P </it>= 0.11 to 0.81). In the elimination regression model, KS risk was associated with five plants (<it>P</it><sub>trend </sub>= 0.02 to 0.10) and with residential exposure to six soils (<it>P</it><sub>trend </sub>= 0.01 to 0.13), including three soils (eutric regosol, chromic/pellic vertisol) used to cultivate durum wheat. None of the KS-associated plants and only one soil was also associated with KSHV serostatus. Diabetes was associated with KSHV seronegativity (OR<sub>adj </sub>4.69, 95% CI 1.97 - 11.17), but the plant and soil associations had little effect on previous findings that KS risk was elevated for diabetics (OR<sub>adj </sub>7.47, 95% CI 3.04 - 18.35) and lower for current and former smokers (OR<sub>adj </sub>0.26 and 0.47, respectively, <it>P</it><sub>trend </sub>= 0.05).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>KS risk was associated with exposure to a few plants and soils, but these may merely be due to chance. Study of the effects of durum wheat, which was previously associated with cKS, may be warranted.</p
Disorganized Attachment in Infancy: A Review of the Phenomenon and Its Implications for Clinicians and Policy-Makers
Disorganized/Disoriented (D) attachment has seen widespread interest from policy makers, practitioners, and clinicians in recent years. However, some of this interest seems to have been based on some false assumptions that (1) attachment measures can be used as definitive assessments of the individual in forensic/child protection settings and that disorganized attachment (2) reliably indicates child maltreatment, (3) is a strong predictor of pathology, and (4) represents a fixed or static trait of the child, impervious to development or help. This paper summarizes the evidence showing that these four assumptions are false and misleading. The paper reviews what is known about disorganized infant attachment and clarifies the implications of the classification for clinical and welfare practice with children. In particular, the difference between disorganized attachment and attachment disorder is examined, and a strong case is made for the value of attachment theory for supportive work with families and for the development and evaluation of evidence-based caregiving interventions
Disorganized attachment in infancy: a review of the phenomenon and its implications for clinicians and policy-makers
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