14,197 research outputs found
Phenomenological Consequences of Soft Leptogenesis
Soft supersymmetry breaking terms involving heavy singlet sneutrinos can be
the dominant source of leptogenesis. The relevant range of parameters is
different from standard leptogenesis: a lighter Majorana mass, M < 10^9 GeV
(allowing a solution of the gravitino problem), and smaller Yukawa couplings,
Y_N < 10^{-4}. We investigate whether the various couplings of the singlet
sneutrinos, which are constrained by the requirement of successful `soft
leptogenesis', can have observable phenomenological consequences. Specifically,
we calculate the contributions of the relevant soft supersymmetric breaking
terms to the electric dipole moments of the charged leptons and to lepton
flavor violating decays. Our result is that these contributions are small.Comment: 11 pages, 1 figure; v2: an additional contribution is considered
(modifying: fig. 1, eq. 10-13, 22) and a reference added. Conclusions
unchange
Hollowgraphy Driven Holography: Black Hole with Vanishing Volume Interior
Hawking-Bekenstein entropy formula seems to tell us that no quantum degrees
of freedom can reside in the interior of a black hole. We suggest that this is
a consequence of the fact that the volume of any interior sphere of finite
surface area simply vanishes. Obviously, this is not the case in general
relativity. However, we show that such a phenomenon does occur in various
gravitational theories which admit a spontaneously induced general relativity.
In such theories, due to a phase transition (one parameter family degenerates)
which takes place precisely at the would have been horizon, the recovered
exterior Schwarzschild solution connects, by means of a self-similar transition
profile, with a novel 'hollow' interior exhibiting a vanishing spatial volume
and a locally varying Newton constant. This constitutes the so-called
'hollowgraphy' driven holography.Comment: Honorable Mention Essay - Gravity Research Foundation (2010
Electromagnetically Induced Transparency and Light Storage in an Atomic Mott Insulator
We experimentally demonstrate electromagnetically induced transparency and
light storage with ultracold 87Rb atoms in a Mott insulating state in a three
dimensional optical lattice. We have observed light storage times of about 240
ms, to our knowledge the longest ever achieved in ultracold atomic samples.
Using the differential light shift caused by a spatially inhomogeneous far
detuned light field we imprint a "phase gradient" across the atomic sample,
resulting in controlled angular redirection of the retrieved light pulse.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Vibrational Tamm states at the edges of graphene nanoribbons
We study vibrational states localized at the edges of graphene nanoribbons.
Such surface oscillations can be considered as a phonon analog of Tamm states
well known in the electronic theory. We consider both armchair and zigzag
graphene stripes and demonstrate that surface modes correspond to phonons
localized at the edges of the graphene nanoribbon, and they can be classified
as in-plane and out-of-plane modes. In addition, in armchair nanoribbons
anharmonic edge modes can experience longitudinal localization in the form of
self-localized nonlinear modes, or surface breather solitons.Comment: 10 pages, 10 figure
Nonlinear Electron Oscillations in a Viscous and Resistive Plasma
New non-linear, spatially periodic, long wavelength electrostatic modes of an
electron fluid oscillating against a motionless ion fluid (Langmuir waves) are
given, with viscous and resistive effects included. The cold plasma
approximation is adopted, which requires the wavelength to be sufficiently
large. The pertinent requirement valid for large amplitude waves is determined.
The general non-linear solution of the continuity and momentum transfer
equations for the electron fluid along with Poisson's equation is obtained in
simple parametric form. It is shown that in all typical hydrogen plasmas, the
influence of plasma resistivity on the modes in question is negligible. Within
the limitations of the solution found, the non-linear time evolution of any
(periodic) initial electron number density profile n_e(x, t=0) can be
determined (examples). For the modes in question, an idealized model of a
strictly cold and collisionless plasma is shown to be applicable to any real
plasma, provided that the wavelength lambda >> lambda_{min}(n_0,T_e), where n_0
= const and T_e are the equilibrium values of the electron number density and
electron temperature. Within this idealized model, the minimum of the initial
electron density n_e(x_{min}, t=0) must be larger than half its equilibrium
value, n_0/2. Otherwise, the corresponding maximum n_e(x_{max},t=tau_p/2),
obtained after half a period of the plasma oscillation blows up. Relaxation of
this restriction on n_e(x, t=0) as one decreases lambda, due to the increase of
the electron viscosity effects, is examined in detail. Strong plasma viscosity
is shown to change considerably the density profile during the time evolution,
e.g., by splitting the largest maximum in two.Comment: 16 one column pages, 11 figures, Abstract and Sec. I, extended, Sec.
VIII modified, Phys. Rev. E in pres
Efficient computation of matched solutions of the Kapchinskij-Vladimirskij envelope equations for periodic focusing lattices
A new iterative method is developed to numerically calculate the periodic,
matched beam envelope solution of the coupled Kapchinskij-Vladimirskij (KV)
equations describing the transverse evolution of a beam in a periodic, linear
focusing lattice of arbitrary complexity. Implementation of the method is
straightforward. It is highly convergent and can be applied to all usual
parameterizations of the matched envelope solutions. The method is applicable
to all classes of linear focusing lattices without skew couplings, and also
applies to all physically achievable system parameters -- including where the
matched beam envelope is strongly unstable. Example applications are presented
for periodic solenoidal and quadrupole focusing lattices. Convergence
properties are summarized over a wide range of system parameters.Comment: 20 pages, 5 figures, Mathematica source code provide
Scotland, Catalonia and the “right” to self-determination: a comment suggested by Kathryn Crameri’s “Do Catalans Have the Right to Decide?
No abstract available
Custodial SO(4) symmetry and CP violation in N-Higgs-doublet potentials
We study the implementation of global
symmetry in general potentials with N-Higgs-doublets in order to obtain models
with custodial symmetry. We conclude that any implementation of the
custodial SO(4) symmetry is equivalent, by a basis transformation, to a
canonical one if is the gauge factor, is embedded in
and we require copies of the doublet representation of .
The invariance by SO(4) automatically leads to a CP invariant potential and the
basis of the canonical implementation of SO(4) is aligned to a basis where
CP-symmetry acts in the standard fashion. We show different but equivalent
implementations for the 2HDM, including an implementation not previously
considered.Comment: 22pp, REVTeX4. Published versio
Reconstructing Seesaws
We explore some aspects of "reconstructing" the heavy singlet sector of
supersymmetric type I seesaw models, for two, three or four singlets. We work
in the limit where one light neutrino is massless. In an ideal world, where
selected coefficients of the TeV-scale effective Lagrangian could be measured
with arbitrary accuracy, the two-singlet case can be reconstructed, two three
or more singlets can be differentiated, and an inverse seesaw with four
singlets can be reconstructed. In a more realistic world, we estimate \ell_\a
\to \ell_\b \gamma expectations with a "Minimal-Flavour-Violation-like"
ansatz, which gives a relation between ratios of the three branching ratios.
The two singlet model predicts a discrete set of ratios.Comment: 14 page
Optically-Induced Polarons in Bose-Einstein Condensates: Monitoring Composite Quasiparticle Decay
Nonresonant light-scattering off atomic Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) is
predicted to give rise to hitherto unexplored composite quasiparticles:
unstable polarons, i.e., local ``impurities'' dressed by virtual phonons.
Optical monitoring of their spontaneous decay can display either Zeno or
anti-Zeno deviations from the Golden Rule, and thereby probe the temporal
correlations of elementary excitations in BECs.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
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