Table3_Evaluation of 71 Coronary Artery Disease Risk Variants in a Multiethnic Cohort.xlsx

Background<p>Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common cause of death worldwide. Previous studies have identified numerous common CHD susceptibility loci, with the vast majority identified in populations of European ancestry. How well these findings transfer to other racial/ethnic populations remains unclear.</p>Methods and Results<p>We examined the generalizability of the associations with 71 known CHD loci in African American, Latino and Japanese men and women in the Multiethnic Cohort (6,035 cases and 11,251 controls). In the combined multiethnic sample, 78% of the loci demonstrated odds ratios that were directionally consistent with those previously reported (p = 2 × 10⁻⁶), with this fraction ranging from 59% in Japanese to 70% in Latinos. The number of nominally significant associations across all susceptibility regions ranged from only 1 in Japanese to 11 in African Americans with the most statistically significant association observed through locus fine-mapping noted for rs3832016 (OR = 1.16, p = 2.5×10⁻⁵) in the SORT1 region on chromosome 1p13. Lastly, we examined the cumulative predictive effect of CHD SNPs across populations with improved power by creating genetic risk scores (GRSs) that summarize an individual’s aggregated exposure to risk variants. We found the GRSs to be significantly associated with risk in African Americans (OR = 1.03 per allele; p = 4.1×10⁻⁵) and Latinos (OR = 1.03; p = 2.2 × 10⁻⁸), but not in Japanese (OR = 1.01; p = 0.11).</p>Conclusions<p>While a sizable fraction of the known CHD loci appear to generalize in these populations, larger fine-mapping studies will be needed to localize the functional alleles and better define their contribution to CHD risk in these populations.</p

Table7_Evaluation of 71 Coronary Artery Disease Risk Variants in a Multiethnic Cohort.xlsx

Background<p>Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common cause of death worldwide. Previous studies have identified numerous common CHD susceptibility loci, with the vast majority identified in populations of European ancestry. How well these findings transfer to other racial/ethnic populations remains unclear.</p>Methods and Results<p>We examined the generalizability of the associations with 71 known CHD loci in African American, Latino and Japanese men and women in the Multiethnic Cohort (6,035 cases and 11,251 controls). In the combined multiethnic sample, 78% of the loci demonstrated odds ratios that were directionally consistent with those previously reported (p = 2 × 10⁻⁶), with this fraction ranging from 59% in Japanese to 70% in Latinos. The number of nominally significant associations across all susceptibility regions ranged from only 1 in Japanese to 11 in African Americans with the most statistically significant association observed through locus fine-mapping noted for rs3832016 (OR = 1.16, p = 2.5×10⁻⁵) in the SORT1 region on chromosome 1p13. Lastly, we examined the cumulative predictive effect of CHD SNPs across populations with improved power by creating genetic risk scores (GRSs) that summarize an individual’s aggregated exposure to risk variants. We found the GRSs to be significantly associated with risk in African Americans (OR = 1.03 per allele; p = 4.1×10⁻⁵) and Latinos (OR = 1.03; p = 2.2 × 10⁻⁸), but not in Japanese (OR = 1.01; p = 0.11).</p>Conclusions<p>While a sizable fraction of the known CHD loci appear to generalize in these populations, larger fine-mapping studies will be needed to localize the functional alleles and better define their contribution to CHD risk in these populations.</p

Image2_Evaluation of 71 Coronary Artery Disease Risk Variants in a Multiethnic Cohort.pdf

Background<p>Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common cause of death worldwide. Previous studies have identified numerous common CHD susceptibility loci, with the vast majority identified in populations of European ancestry. How well these findings transfer to other racial/ethnic populations remains unclear.</p>Methods and Results<p>We examined the generalizability of the associations with 71 known CHD loci in African American, Latino and Japanese men and women in the Multiethnic Cohort (6,035 cases and 11,251 controls). In the combined multiethnic sample, 78% of the loci demonstrated odds ratios that were directionally consistent with those previously reported (p = 2 × 10⁻⁶), with this fraction ranging from 59% in Japanese to 70% in Latinos. The number of nominally significant associations across all susceptibility regions ranged from only 1 in Japanese to 11 in African Americans with the most statistically significant association observed through locus fine-mapping noted for rs3832016 (OR = 1.16, p = 2.5×10⁻⁵) in the SORT1 region on chromosome 1p13. Lastly, we examined the cumulative predictive effect of CHD SNPs across populations with improved power by creating genetic risk scores (GRSs) that summarize an individual’s aggregated exposure to risk variants. We found the GRSs to be significantly associated with risk in African Americans (OR = 1.03 per allele; p = 4.1×10⁻⁵) and Latinos (OR = 1.03; p = 2.2 × 10⁻⁸), but not in Japanese (OR = 1.01; p = 0.11).</p>Conclusions<p>While a sizable fraction of the known CHD loci appear to generalize in these populations, larger fine-mapping studies will be needed to localize the functional alleles and better define their contribution to CHD risk in these populations.</p

Table5_Evaluation of 71 Coronary Artery Disease Risk Variants in a Multiethnic Cohort.xlsx

Background<p>Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common cause of death worldwide. Previous studies have identified numerous common CHD susceptibility loci, with the vast majority identified in populations of European ancestry. How well these findings transfer to other racial/ethnic populations remains unclear.</p>Methods and Results<p>We examined the generalizability of the associations with 71 known CHD loci in African American, Latino and Japanese men and women in the Multiethnic Cohort (6,035 cases and 11,251 controls). In the combined multiethnic sample, 78% of the loci demonstrated odds ratios that were directionally consistent with those previously reported (p = 2 × 10⁻⁶), with this fraction ranging from 59% in Japanese to 70% in Latinos. The number of nominally significant associations across all susceptibility regions ranged from only 1 in Japanese to 11 in African Americans with the most statistically significant association observed through locus fine-mapping noted for rs3832016 (OR = 1.16, p = 2.5×10⁻⁵) in the SORT1 region on chromosome 1p13. Lastly, we examined the cumulative predictive effect of CHD SNPs across populations with improved power by creating genetic risk scores (GRSs) that summarize an individual’s aggregated exposure to risk variants. We found the GRSs to be significantly associated with risk in African Americans (OR = 1.03 per allele; p = 4.1×10⁻⁵) and Latinos (OR = 1.03; p = 2.2 × 10⁻⁸), but not in Japanese (OR = 1.01; p = 0.11).</p>Conclusions<p>While a sizable fraction of the known CHD loci appear to generalize in these populations, larger fine-mapping studies will be needed to localize the functional alleles and better define their contribution to CHD risk in these populations.</p

Table2_Evaluation of 71 Coronary Artery Disease Risk Variants in a Multiethnic Cohort.xlsx

Background<p>Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common cause of death worldwide. Previous studies have identified numerous common CHD susceptibility loci, with the vast majority identified in populations of European ancestry. How well these findings transfer to other racial/ethnic populations remains unclear.</p>Methods and Results<p>We examined the generalizability of the associations with 71 known CHD loci in African American, Latino and Japanese men and women in the Multiethnic Cohort (6,035 cases and 11,251 controls). In the combined multiethnic sample, 78% of the loci demonstrated odds ratios that were directionally consistent with those previously reported (p = 2 × 10⁻⁶), with this fraction ranging from 59% in Japanese to 70% in Latinos. The number of nominally significant associations across all susceptibility regions ranged from only 1 in Japanese to 11 in African Americans with the most statistically significant association observed through locus fine-mapping noted for rs3832016 (OR = 1.16, p = 2.5×10⁻⁵) in the SORT1 region on chromosome 1p13. Lastly, we examined the cumulative predictive effect of CHD SNPs across populations with improved power by creating genetic risk scores (GRSs) that summarize an individual’s aggregated exposure to risk variants. We found the GRSs to be significantly associated with risk in African Americans (OR = 1.03 per allele; p = 4.1×10⁻⁵) and Latinos (OR = 1.03; p = 2.2 × 10⁻⁸), but not in Japanese (OR = 1.01; p = 0.11).</p>Conclusions<p>While a sizable fraction of the known CHD loci appear to generalize in these populations, larger fine-mapping studies will be needed to localize the functional alleles and better define their contribution to CHD risk in these populations.</p

Table4_Evaluation of 71 Coronary Artery Disease Risk Variants in a Multiethnic Cohort.xlsx

Background<p>Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common cause of death worldwide. Previous studies have identified numerous common CHD susceptibility loci, with the vast majority identified in populations of European ancestry. How well these findings transfer to other racial/ethnic populations remains unclear.</p>Methods and Results<p>We examined the generalizability of the associations with 71 known CHD loci in African American, Latino and Japanese men and women in the Multiethnic Cohort (6,035 cases and 11,251 controls). In the combined multiethnic sample, 78% of the loci demonstrated odds ratios that were directionally consistent with those previously reported (p = 2 × 10⁻⁶), with this fraction ranging from 59% in Japanese to 70% in Latinos. The number of nominally significant associations across all susceptibility regions ranged from only 1 in Japanese to 11 in African Americans with the most statistically significant association observed through locus fine-mapping noted for rs3832016 (OR = 1.16, p = 2.5×10⁻⁵) in the SORT1 region on chromosome 1p13. Lastly, we examined the cumulative predictive effect of CHD SNPs across populations with improved power by creating genetic risk scores (GRSs) that summarize an individual’s aggregated exposure to risk variants. We found the GRSs to be significantly associated with risk in African Americans (OR = 1.03 per allele; p = 4.1×10⁻⁵) and Latinos (OR = 1.03; p = 2.2 × 10⁻⁸), but not in Japanese (OR = 1.01; p = 0.11).</p>Conclusions<p>While a sizable fraction of the known CHD loci appear to generalize in these populations, larger fine-mapping studies will be needed to localize the functional alleles and better define their contribution to CHD risk in these populations.</p

<i>Post-hoc</i> analyses of <i>CYP2A6</i> SNPs and measures of nicotine dependence^a in treatment-seeking smokers.

<p>^aPairwise correlations of cigarettes per day (continuous) with categorical CPD, TTFC and FTND were 0.914, 0.400 and 0.614, of categorical CPD with TTFC and FTND were 0.379 and 0.622, and of TTFC with FTND were 0.799.</p><p>^bAge, age squared, BMI, sex, education, marital status, three principal components of population genetic variation and site. Descriptive and regression analyses were performed on a sample of 2,418 individuals with called genotypes at both rs4803381 and rs1137115.</p><p><i>Post-hoc</i> analyses of <i>CYP2A6</i> SNPs and measures of nicotine dependence<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0126113#t005fn001" target="_blank">^a</a> in treatment-seeking smokers.</p

Selected characteristics of cases and sibling controls from participants in the Colon Cancer Family Registry.

1<p>Non-Hispanic white family-based discordant siblings with age and sex data. ²Self-reported weight and height 2 years prior to questionnaire completion date used to calculate body mass index (BMI). ³Average weekly total lifetime MET hours. ⁴Estimated from 1-df likelihood ratio test from a conditional logistic regression model.</p

SNP rs12953713 and rs11874392 by tumor characteristics among population-based families.

1<p>Adjusted for age and sex. ²P for interaction was estimated from 2 degrees of freedom likelihood-ratio test of the interaction term between the tumor characteristics and SNP rs12953713.</p

<i>SMAD7</i> tagging SNPs and colorectal cancer risk in the Colon Cancer Family Registry.

1<p>Minor allele frequencies (MAFs) were estimated using unrelated population-based controls. ²Results were estimated using a log-additive model, adjusted for age and sex.</p