Dentition features in the Arara-Iriri and Arara-Laranjal groups for deciduous, mixed and permanent dentition.

<p>PR = Prevalence Ratio.</p>∞<p>PR Not computed (zero)/p-value for NA = Not available (ns) = not significant;</p>*<p>P<.05;</p>**<p>P<.01;</p>***<p>P<.001.</p

Sample size (n) and mean age (years) in the Arara-Laranjal and Arara-Iriri villages.

<p>Sample size (n) and mean age (years) in the Arara-Laranjal and Arara-Iriri villages.</p

Descriptive statistics for tooth wear in the upper and lower jaw.

<p>Median (−), minimum and maximum values for the Arara-Laranjal (left side, n = 58) and Arara-Iriri (right side, n = 23) populations. P values were obtained using a Mann-Whitney test.</p

Kappa coefficient for diagnostic method.

<p>Kappa coefficient for diagnostic method.</p

Dental occlusion in a split Amazon indigenous population.

<p><b>A</b>) Normal occlusion as observed in a male individual from the Arara-Laranjal village. The lines indicate the upper canine tip occluding between the lower canine and lower 1^st premolar. <b>B</b>) Class III malocclusion associated with anterior and posterior crossbite in a male from the Arara-Iriri village. The lines indicate a misaligned upper canine tip occluding posterior to the lower canine and lower 1^st premolar.</p

95% prediction interval for indigenous and urban population.

<p>95% prediction interval for indigenous and urban population.</p

The modified tooth wear examination.

<p>The index of occlusal wear for a 48-year- old indigenous person.</p

A single model including all 3 populations (Assurini + Xicrin-Kaiapó + Arara).

<p>A single model including all 3 populations (Assurini + Xicrin-Kaiapó + Arara).</p

Mandibular Protraction Appliance Effects in Class II Malocclusion in Children, Adolescents and Young Adults

<div><p>Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the mandibular protraction appliance (MPA) for treating mild to moderate Class II malocclusion at different stages of dentofacial development. Lateral radiographs were evaluated before (T0) and at the end (T1) of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliance associated with MPA. Sixty-five consecutively treated patients were divided according to the stage of dentofacial development: 21 children in late mixed dentition, 22 adolescents and 22 young adults with full permanent dentition. The differences between and within groups were analyzed by MANOVA at p<0.05. The correction of anteroposterior discrepancy (Wits) was significantly reduced in all development stages (p<0.01), with no difference between groups. Class II was corrected predominantly by dental changes in the mandibular arch, with accentuated proclination of the mandibular incisors and mesial displacement of mandibular molars. The MPA had no skeletal effects in any of the groups, except for a mild reduction of SNA (p=0.018) and ANB angles (p<0.0001) among the mixed dentition children. With regard to soft-tissue profile, facial convexity decreased significantly in all groups (p<0.01). In conclusion, the MPA associated with fixed appliance corrected the Class II occlusion, basically by a mandibular arch protrusion. A mild skeletal maxillary change was significant only when this treatment protocol began during mixed dentition.</p></div

Efficiency of compensatory orthodontic treatment of mild Class III malocclusion with two different bracket systems

<div><p>ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the efficiency of compensatory orthodontic treatment of patients with mild Class III malocclusion with two preadjusted bracket systems. Method: Fifty-six matched patients consecutively treated for mild Class III malocclusion through compensatory dentoalveolar movements were retrospectively evaluated after analysis of orthodontic records. The sample was divided into two groups according to the brackets used: Group 1 = non-Class III compensated preadjusted brackets, Roth prescription (n = 28); Group 2 = compensated Class III preadjusted brackets, Capelozza III prescription (n = 28). Cephalometric analysis, number of appointments and missed appointments, months using Class III elastics, and bond/band failures were considered. Treatment time, Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) index at the beginning (PAR T1) and end of treatment (PAR T2) were used to calculate treatment efficiency. Comparison was performed using a MANOVA at p< 0.05. Results: Missed appointments, bond or band failures, number of months using the Class III intermaxillary elastics, and cephalometric measurements showed no statistically significant difference (p> 0.05) between groups. Patients treated with Roth brackets had a treatment time 7 months longer (p= 0.01). Significant improvement in the patient’s occlusion (PAR T2-T1) was observed for both groups without difference (p= 0.22). Conclusions: Orthodontic brackets designed for compensation of mild Class III malocclusions appear to be more efficient than non-compensated straight-wire prescription brackets. Treatment time for Class III patients treated with brackets designed for compensation was shorter than with Roth prescription and no difference in the quality of the occlusal outcome was observed. A prospective randomized study is suggested to provide a deeper look into this subject.</p></div