Pneumonia by different definitions among new users of ICS-containing and LABD medications (primary and sensitivity models).

<p>Data are hazard ratios and 95% CI for ICS compared with LABD. The incidence rates of pneumonia events per 1,000 person years for each group are presented below the figure for the primary model only. ICS: inhaled corticosteroid; LABD: long-acting bronchodilator.</p

Summary of Confounding Variables, by Category, Measured Prior to Index Prescription and by which Propensity Scores were Adjusted.

<p>ACE: angiotensin-converting-enzyme; CAP: community-acquired pneumonia; FEV₁: forced expiratory volume in 1s; GERD: gastroesophageal reflux disease.</p

Pneumonia by different definitions and ICS daily dose in new users of ICS-containing medications.

<p>Data are hazard ratios and 95% CI for ICS compared with LABD. CFC: chlorofluorocarbon; ICS: inhaled corticosteroid; LABD: long-acting bronchodilator.</p

Patient record selection.

<p>n = 10,338,432 research-quality patients in CPRD-COPD; n = 645,287 new users of ICS-containing or new users of LABD <b>medications</b> COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HES: Hospital Episode Statistics; ICS: inhaled corticosteroid; LABD: long-acting bronchodilator.</p

Demographics from the Baseline Period (Year Before Cohort Entry) and Patient History for the Final Analysis Cohort Before and After Propensity Score Balancing.

1<p>Recorded in baseline period.</p>2<p>Recorded up to 5 years prior to cohort entry date.</p><p>ACE: angiotensin-converting-enzyme; CAP: community-acquired pneumonia; CHF: congestive heart failure; FEV₁: forced expiratory volume in 1s; GERD: gastroesophageal reflux disease; GP: general practitioner; ICS: inhaled corticosteroid; LABD: long-acting bronchodilator; MI: myocardial infarction; Rx: prescription.</p

Additional file 2: of Physician perspectives on the burden and management of asthma in six countries: The Global Asthma Physician Survey (GAPS)

Table S1. Reasons given for the perceived improved outlook for asthma patients in the last 10 years. Table S2. Products approved for maintenance and reliever treatment of asthma in the countries studied. (PDF 202 kb