The Central Industrial Park Project: An Empirical Investigation into Power Relationships

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/51058/1/288.pd

Gender and Class Formation: Female Clerical Workers

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/51049/1/279.pd

A Typology of Suburban Economic Development Policy Orientations

This article explores variations in economic development goals and orientations among suburban governments and the impact of these on economic development programs. The research was conducted among suburban officials in the Chicago Metropolitan area who responded to a survey in 1987. The results of the survey show that suburbs can be divided into five types based upon their economic development policies: aggressive, regulatory, cooperative, retentive, and reactive. These general policy orientations were found to affect the specific city government staffing, planning, activities, fiscal programs, and regulation related to economic development in the community

A Reassessment of Urban Renewal: Policy Failure or Market Success?

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/51091/1/323.pd

Market Constraints and Enterprise Zones

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/51090/1/322.pd

Public Policy and the Distribution of Benefits: Lessons from Urban Renewal (New York, Chicago, Illinois).

This dissertation is an investigation into the factors affecting the distribution of benefits from public policy. Policies are formed to address specific social problems, but often fail to alter significantly conditions which gave rise to these problems. Much past research has described in detail how policies have failed, who benefited or suffered most, and what consequences resulted from policy failure. If there are lessons to be learned from past mistakes, it is imperative that an underst and ing of the mechanism which accounted for these failures be developed. Otherwise, future policies are destined to repeat past errors. Drawing on agency reports, government documents and other case study materials on Chicago and New York, this research outlines the pattern of benefits and costs of Urban Renewal in relation to its stated policy objectives. Low income neighborhoods, identified as sites with a high proportion of subst and ard housing, where the targets of massive redevelopment projects. Rather than creating a large stock of adequate low income housing, renewal resulted in the displacement of low income families and the transformation of the target sites into middle and upper income neighborhoods. These outcomes are shown to be constrained by structural elements contained in policy implementation. In particular, reliance on producer subsidies, rather than direct public production of housing, to bring about social changes led to an effect opposite to the one intended by the rhetoric of renewal. This dissertation has put forth the argument that the use of producer subsidies to meet social goals will replicate existing inequalities in a capitalist society. The reasons for this are that resource inequalities result inevitably from market relations, and therefore market mechanisms tend to reinforce rather than alleviate existing inequalities. This analysis implies that current market-based urban redevelopment policy initiatives, such as urban enterprise zone proposals, because of their similar reliance on producer subsidies to bring about change, will not be able to alter the inequities they are intended to overcome.Ph.D.Urban planningBlack studiesUniversity of Michiganhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/160120/1/8422222.pd

Old Wine, Old Bottles

We have just finished a marathon election season, almost two years in the making, and by all accounts billions of dollars spent (almost $3b by the candidates, altogether about$6b by all the various campaigns and PACs formed to promote one candidate or another), to arrive at the same place. We might be excused if we glance at a British system that holds its elections in 3 weeks and bans television advertising -after all, we are hard pressed to see how that results in very different outcomes in governing styles and political philosophies. Little has changed in the US political landscape: stubborn right-wing Republicans, wary of Tea Party primary challenges, retain control over the US House of Representatives, while Democrats and their uneasy neoliberalism remain entrenched in the US Senate. President Obama was re-elected and, depending on whose tea leaves one consults (certainly not the Tea Party's), it was a resounding victory for a continuation of his policies, or a narrow victory by a President with a less than stellar record in office over an elitist and even more unappealing opponent. After all, fewer than half the eligible voters chimed in by voting, so a case can be made that the electorate was not enthusiastic about its choices

Comparative Local Economic Development: A Framework for Further Research

Recent research on local economic development does not provide an adequate framework for anticipating the consequences of cross national policy transfer and emulation. The research focuses on case specific analysis of one or another program within specific national or economic situations, but such analyses are not structured by a common understanding of the forces which shape policy formation or implementation. This article argues that we must rethink how we understand local policy by combining state-centered and class-centered theories of local policy outcomes. It suggests that such an approach would provide a better basis for both anticipating policy outcomes and predicting transferability. Copyright 1991 by The Policy Studies Organization.

Value, Exchange and the Social Economy: Framework and Paradigm Shift in Urban Policy.

"A market paradigm has been dominant in the field of community development, defining how governmental officials, development professionals and even academics view the world, and influencing the way problems are identified, the kind of questions asked, the solutions considered, the criteria for 'success' and even the evaluative methodologies employed. This article maintains that the market paradigm has not succeeded from the micro-social perspective of the residents or the development of their communities as a whole. By problematizing two concepts embedded in the market economy paradigm, value (both monetized and non-monetized) and exchange (terms of trade), we offer a concrete vision of urban policy analysis from a social economy paradigm." Copyright Joint Editors and Blackwell Publishers Ltd 1997.