Temporal and spatial programming in soft composite hydrogel objects

Soft composite hydrogel objects formed from the biopolymer sodium alginate, the enzyme urease, and oil droplets are formed by a simple gelation procedure to produce autonomous bodies with both time and spatial programming. These continuous objects of non-uniform dimensional composition selectively respond to an environmental stimulus of urea and change colour or disintegrate at pre-defined locations within the hydrogel structure after pre-set time intervals. The spatial and temporal responses of these hydrogels to an environmental stimulus are valuable tools in areas such as soft robotics

Mean whole body and organ specific effective doses (mSv) for selected CT scanning examinations performed in a Western Australian tertiary public hospital in 2011.

<p>Mean whole body and organ specific effective doses (mSv) for selected CT scanning examinations performed in a Western Australian tertiary public hospital in 2011.</p

Mean, median and dispersion of effective dose (mSv) according to CT scanning protocol before and after the introduction of iterative reconstruction (iDose).

<p>n = Number of cases included in analysis. Min = Minimum value, Max = Maximum value.</p><p>Mean, median and dispersion of effective dose (mSv) according to CT scanning protocol before and after the introduction of iterative reconstruction (iDose).</p

Mean, median and dispersion of dose length product (mGy.cm) according to CT scanning protocol before and after the introduction of iterative reconstruction (iDose).

<p>n = Number of cases included in analysis. Min = Minimum value, Max = Maximum value.</p><p>Mean, median and dispersion of dose length product (mGy.cm) according to CT scanning protocol before and after the introduction of iterative reconstruction (iDose).</p

Estimated number of incident cancers and cancer related mortality attributable to selected CT scanning undertaken in WA during 2010/11 and 2011/12 using protocol and anatomical area based risk modelling.

<p>n = Number of estimated incident cancers/cancer related mortality based on cancer risk modelling from the mean radiation dose of the cases collected in protocols included in the study.</p>1<p>number based on the minimum dose protocol within the anatomical area.</p>2<p>number based on the maximum dose the protocol within the anatomical area.</p>3<p>Range = number based on the maximum dose protocol - number based on the minimum dose protocol.</p>4<p>Spiral angiography also included within each anatomical location for the public providers. Note separation of spiral angiography codes are not available for private providers except coronary angiography and hence is excluded.</p

Variation in the lifetime attributable risk percent of cancer incidence (light bars) and mortality (dark bars) according to gender and age at a single exposure from CT scanning protocols grouped according to anatomical location.

<p>Variation in the lifetime attributable risk percent of cancer incidence (light bars) and mortality (dark bars) according to gender and age at a single exposure from CT scanning protocols grouped according to anatomical location.</p

Potential impact on the annual incidence of cancer attributable to the introduction of iterative reconstruction software (iDose) in Western Australia.

<p>¹Change in effective dose scenario under which the change in the number of incident cancers in the population is calculated.</p><p>²Based on the average annual number of examinations conducted in WA 2010–12 assuming all examinations are conducted under the scenario specified.</p><p>Potential impact on the annual incidence of cancer attributable to the introduction of iterative reconstruction software (iDose) in Western Australia.</p

Variation in the number of sequences, dose-length product (DLP) and volume weighted Computed Tomographic dose index (CTDIvol) recorded for selected CT scanning examinations performed in a Western Australian tertiary hospital over a three month period in 2011.

1<p>Where applicable values are generated using summed value for cases where multiple sequences were recorded.</p