Fibrinogen depletion in trauma: early, easy to estimate and central to trauma-induced coagulopathy

RD and KB both received departmental funding for study support costs from Haemonetics Corporation (Braintree, MA, USA) and equipment/reagent grants from Tem Innovations GmbH (Munich, Germany)

Examining the Personal and Institutional Determinants of Research Productivity in Hospitality and Tourism Management

The transition toward a post-capitalist knowledge-oriented economy has resulted in an increasingly competitive academic environment, where the success of faculty is dependent on their research productivity. This study examines the personal and institutional determinants of the quantity and quality of the research productivity of hospitality and tourism management faculty in US institutions. A survey of 98 faculty found that a different set of determinants impact the quantity and quality aspects of research productivity. Also, institutional determinants were found to play a larger role, indicating the need for administrators to strive for a culture that is supportive of and an infrastructure that is conducive to their faculty’s research success. The authors use the field of hospitality and tourism management as a case study to develop a holistic and cohesive framework for knowledge worker productivity that can guide the evaluation, hiring, and development of researchers

Detailed design specification for the Yield Estimation Subsystem Data Management System (YESDAMS)

There are no author-identified significant results in this report

Phase separation and electron pairing in repulsive Hubbard clusters

Exact thermal studies of small (4-site, 5-site and 8-site) Hubbard clusters with local electron repulsion yield intriguing insight into phase separation, charge-spin separation, pseudogaps, condensation, in particular, pairing fluctuations away from half filling (near optimal doping). These exact calculations, carried out in canonical (i.e. for fixed electron number N) and grand canonical (i.e. fixed chemical potential $\mu$) ensembles, monitoring variations in temperature T and magnetic field h, show rich phase diagrams in a T-$\mu$ space consisting of pairing fluctuations and signatures of condensation. These electron pairing instabilities are seen when the onsite Coulomb interaction U is smaller than a critical value U$_c$(T) and they point to a possible electron pairing mechanism. The specific heat, magnetization, charge pairing and spin pairing provide strong support for the existence of competing (paired and unpaired) phases near optimal doping in these clusters as observed in recent experiments in doped La$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$CuO$_{4+y}$ high T$_c$ superconductors.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure

The development of absorptive capacity-based innovation in a construction SME

Traditionally, construction has been a transaction-oriented industry. However, it is changing from the design-bid-build process into a business based on innovation capability and performance management, in which contracts are awarded on the basis of factors such as knowledge, intellectual capital and skills. This change presents a challenge to construction-sector SMEs with scarce resources, which must find ways to innovate based on those attributes to ensure their future competitiveness. This paper explores how dynamic capability, using an absorptive capacity framework in response to these challenges, has been developed in a construction-based SME. The paper also contributes to the literature on absorptive capacity and innovation by showing how the construct can be operationalized within an organization. The company studied formed a Knowledge Transfer Partnership using action research over a two-year period with a local university. The aim was to increase its absorptive capacity and hence its ability to meet the changing market challenges. The findings show that absorptive capacity can be operationalized into a change management approach for improving capability-based competitiveness. Moreover, it is important for absorptive capacity constructs and language to be contextualized within a given organizational setting (as in the case of the construction-based SME in the present study)

Spinful Composite Fermions in a Negative Effective Field

In this paper we study fractional quantum Hall composite fermion wavefunctions at filling fractions \nu = 2/3, 3/5, and 4/7. At each of these filling fractions, there are several possible wavefunctions with different spin polarizations, depending on how many spin-up or spin-down composite fermion Landau levels are occupied. We calculate the energy of the possible composite fermion wavefunctions and we predict transitions between ground states of different spin polarizations as the ratio of Zeeman energy to Coulomb energy is varied. Previously, several experiments have observed such transitions between states of differing spin polarization and we make direct comparison of our predictions to these experiments. For more detailed comparison between theory and experiment, we also include finite-thickness effects in our calculations. We find reasonable qualitative agreement between the experiments and composite fermion theory. Finally, we consider composite fermion states at filling factors \nu = 2+2/3, 2+3/5, and 2+4/7. The latter two cases we predict to be spin polarized even at zero Zeeman energy.Comment: 17 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables. (revision: incorporated referee suggestions, note added, updated references

Differences in Prevalence of Muscle Weakness (Sarcopenia) in Haemodialysis Patients Determined by Hand Grip Strength Due to Variation in Guideline Definitions of Sarcopenia

BACKGROUND: Muscle weakness is associated with increased mortality, and hemodialysis (HD) patients are at an increased risk for muscle loss. There is no agreed definition for muscle weakness, so we determined whether using different cut‐off criteria recommended by guideline groups altered the prevalence in HD patients. METHODS: We measured hand grip strength (HGS) in HD outpatients, comparing HGS with clinical guideline cut‐offs (European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People [EWGSOP] and North American Foundation for the National Institutes of Health Sarcopenia Project [FNIH]) used to define muscle wasting (sarcopenia) with age‐matched and gender‐matched normative data. RESULTS: We studied 459 patients, 61.4% male, 47.3% diabetic. The prevalence of muscle weakness was significantly different when measuring HGS; 84.5% using the EWGSOP cut‐off and 73.2% with FNIH criteria, and 75.2% using North American normative data and 56.6% U.K. normative data (P < .01). On logistic regression, muscle weakness was associated with age (odds ratio [OR] 1.05, P < .001), weight (OR 0.96, P < .001), serum albumin (OR 0.89, P = .007), and being nondiabetic (OR 0.31, P = .001). Of patients with no comorbidity, 66.7% were weak when compared with 93.8% with the highest comorbidity scores (P < .001). CONCLUSION: There is currently no agreed universal definition for sarcopenia, but the EWGSOP and FNIH advocate HGS cut‐offs as part of their definition. The prevalence of muscle weakness varies according to cut‐off and whether age‐matched and gender‐matched normative data are used. In addition, patient characteristics in terms of age and comorbidity determine the prevalence of muscle weakness

Sums of two squares and a power

We extend results of Jagy and Kaplansky and the present authors and show that for all $k\geq 3$ there are infinitely many positive integers $n$, which cannot be written as $x^2+y^2+z^k=n$ for positive integers $x,y,z$, where for $k\not\equiv 0 \bmod 4$ a congruence condition is imposed on $z$. These examples are of interest as there is no congruence obstruction itself for the representation of these $n$. This way we provide a new family of counterexamples to the Hasse principle or strong approximation.Comment: 6 pages, to appear in the memorial volume "From Arithmetic to Zeta-Functions - Number Theory in Memory of Wolfgang Schwarz