Hollywood Free Paper, January 1988

https://digitalcommons.fuller.edu/hollywoodfreepaper/1098/thumbnail.jp

Hollywood Free Paper, July 1987

https://digitalcommons.fuller.edu/hollywoodfreepaper/1097/thumbnail.jp

Hollywood Free Paper, January 1987

https://digitalcommons.fuller.edu/hollywoodfreepaper/1095/thumbnail.jp

Hollywood Free Paper, April 1987

https://digitalcommons.fuller.edu/hollywoodfreepaper/1096/thumbnail.jp

Report to the Aerozone Alliance: Phase 1

The origins for this project include a 2011 Cleveland State University feasibility report which provided research on “aerotropolis” developments in general and describes planned development outward from an airport with observations specifically for Cleveland. Subsequently or concurrently, Cuyahoga County Council introduced a resolution to support early efforts to collaborate with stakeholders for the purpose of promoting economic development, job creation, job retention, and workforce development around Cleveland Hopkins airport. The Aerozone Alliance has been organized to create the conditions for an airport city or “aerotropolis” to take shape. The Aerozone Alliance region comprises more than 7,000 land parcels around Cleveland Hopkins airport in multiple political jurisdictions that offer potential to be developed into an “aerotropolis. This project involved technical assistance performed by the Center for Nonprofit Policy & Practice to assist in organizing the effort. This report draws on a scope of work intended to: assist in developing the design and composition of the Aerozone Alliance board membership, governance, working committee structure, and work project implementation; set the conditions for a mutually agreeable work plan for the board and its committees with project outcomes; and provide support in the form of staffing to organize stakeholders which may include: 1) preparing four meeting agendas; 2) note-taking at meetings with written minutes; 3) coordinating communications of the committee members; and 4) research as required

Heated aquatic microcosms for climate change experiments

Ponds and shallow lakes are likely to be strongly affected by climate change, and by increase in environmental temperature in particular. Hydrological regimes and nutrient cycling may be altered, plant and animal communities may undergo changes in both composition and dynamics, and long-term and difficult to reverse switches between alternative stable equilibria may occur. A thorough understanding of the potential effects of increased temperature on ponds and shallow lakes is desirable because these ecosystems are of immense importance throughout the world as sources of drinking water, and for their amenity and conservation value. This understanding can only come through experimental studies in which the effects of different temperature regimes are compared. This paper reports design details and operating characteristics of a recently constructed experimental facility consisting of 48 aquatic microcosms which mimic the pond and shallow lake environment. Thirty-two of the microcosms can be heated and regulated to simulate climate change scenarios, including those predicted for the UK. The authors also summarise the current and future experimental uses of the microcosms

Global change and conservation triage on National Wildlife Refuges

National Wildlife Refuges (NWRs) in the United States play an important role in the adaptation of social-ecological systems to climate change, land-use change, and other global-change processes. Coastal refuges are already experiencing threats from sea-level rise and other change processes that are largely beyond their ability to influence, while at the same time facing tighter budgets and reduced staff. We engaged in workshops with NWR managers along the U.S. Atlantic coast to understand the problems they face from global-change processes and began a multidisciplinary collaboration to use decision science to help address them. We are applying a values-focused approach to base management decisions on the resource objectives of land managers, as well as those of stakeholders who may benefit from the goods and services produced by a refuge. Two insights that emerged from our workshops were a conspicuous mismatch between the scale at which management can influence outcomes and the scale of environmental processes, and the need to consider objectives related to ecosystem goods and services that traditionally have not been explicitly considered by refuges (e.g., protection from storm surge). The broadening of objectives complicates the decision-making process, but also provides opportunities for collaboration with stakeholders who may have agendas different from those of the refuge, as well as an opportunity for addressing problems across scales. From a practical perspective, we recognized the need to (1) efficiently allocate limited staff time and budgets for short-term management of existing programs and resources under the current refuge design and (2) develop long-term priorities for acquiring or protecting new land/habitat to supplement or replace the existing refuge footprint and thus sustain refuge values as the system evolves over time. Structuring the decision-making problem in this manner facilitated a better understanding of the issues of scale and suggested that a long-term solution will require a significant reassessment of objectives to better reflect the comprehensive values of refuges to society. We discuss some future considerations to integrate these two problems into a single framework by developing novel optimization approaches for dynamic problems that account for uncertainty in future conditions

Hydraulic fracturing‐induced seismicity

Hydraulic fracturing (HF) is a technique that is used for extracting petroleum resources from impermeable host rocks. In this process, fluid injected under high pressure causes fractures to propagate. This technique has been transformative for the hydrocarbon industry, unlocking otherwise stranded resources; however, environmental concerns make HF controversial. One concern is HF‐induced seismicity, since fluids driven under high pressure also have the potential to reactivate faults. Controversy has inevitably followed these HF‐induced earthquakes, with economic and human losses from ground shaking at one extreme and moratoriums on resource development at the other. Here, we review the state of knowledge of this category of induced seismicity. We first cover essential background information on HF along with an overview of published induced earthquake cases to date. Expanding on this, we synthesize the common themes and interpret the origin of these commonalities, which include recurrent earthquake swarms, proximity to well bore, rapid response to stimulation, and a paucity of reported cases. Next, we discuss the unanswered questions that naturally arise from these commonalities, leading to potential research themes: consistent recognition of cases, proposed triggering mechanisms, geologically susceptible conditions, identification of operational controls, effective mitigation efforts, and science‐informed regulatory management. HF‐induced seismicity provides a unique opportunity to better understand and manage earthquake rupture processes; overall, understanding HF‐induced earthquakes is important in order to avoid extreme reactions in either direction

Heated aquatic microcosms for climate change experiments

We are experiencing global climate change (e.g. Houghton et al. 1996; Huanget al. 2000). One of the main features of this change is a significant andcontinuing rise in temperature, attributable at least in part to anthropogenicenhancement of the greenhouse effect (Kerr 2000). The projected magnitudeand rapidity of this phenomenon is cause for major concern about how thebiosphere will respond