USG Liver examination of Tahfiz Quran Primary School students in Berastagi

The Liver is the largest solid organ in the human body and has many roles in maintaining a healthy body. Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a fatty liver without being accompanied by the consumption of alcohol. NAFLD is a condition that is often found in children. The majority of patients with NAFLD are asymptomatic. The diagnosis of NAFLD is usually made through imaging the liver or abnormal liver function with the presence of metabolic syndrome and or overweight. Ultrasound has high sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing NAFLD into an imaging technique that is widely used in cases with fatty liver. This community service is done to find out about the liver health of Tahfiz Quran Primary School students in Berastagi. It is also an effort to screening and early detection of liver health problems in those students. It also aims to raise awareness of heart health among students, teachers, and parents. Ultrasound liver examination of the 59 Tahfiz Quran Primary School students. Educational activities also done to educate the students about liver health. Out of 59 students, 10 students (16.9%) had mild fatty liver, 1 student (1.7%) had a calcified liver, and 36 students (61.0%) had ascites. Fatty liver was found among the students also the majority of the students had ascites

The Influence of −174 G/C Interleukin 6 Promoter Gene Polymorphism to Interleukin 6 Concentration in the End Stage Renal Disease Patients with Dialysis: A Single-center Experience in Indonesia

BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is classified as a multifactorial disease as a combination of genetic and environmental factors that affect the onset and progression of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In the last decades are recognized that inflammation, where the critical modulator is cytokines, can occur before the onset of kidney disease and can be a causative factor in the development of CKD. Interleukin (IL)-6 has several polymorphisms in the promoter region, such as 174 G-C, 634 C-G, 572 G-C, and 597 G-A. G/C single nucleotide polymorphism of the IL-6 gene at position 174 in the promoter region is reported to affect the level of IL-6 expression. Unfortunately, there is a lack of data about the genotype frequencies of -174 G/C IL-6 promoter gene polymorphism in Indonesian with ESRD. AIM: This study aimed to analyze whether −174 G/C IL-6 promoter gene polymorphism influences the concentration of IL-6 in ESRD patients with dialysis in Indonesia. METHODS: We recruited 95 outpatients who were undergoing regular hemodialysis for ≥3 months at the Rasyida Renal Hospital, Medan, in this cross-sectional study. IL-6 genotype polymorphism was analyzed using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method was performed to assess the quantitative IL-6 serum. RESULTS: PCR-RFLP examination showed the frequency distribution of the IL-6 genotype -174 G/C gene; 72 (75.8%) respondents had GG genotypes; 22.1% of respondents had the CG genotype, and (2.1%) had the CC genotypes. Patients with the CC genotype were statistically significant to have higher IL-6 concentration compared to other genotypes (p < 0.001). Likewise, with diabetic patients, statistics showed higher IL-6 concentration compared to non-diabetics patients (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: This is the first study showing that -174 G/C IL-6 promoter gene polymorphism influences the IL-6 concentrations in ESRD patients with dialysis in Indonesia. Multicenter studies are needed to validate these findings

Ent Examination and Cerumen Removal in Letjen Jamin Ginting Junior High School, Berastagi

Diseases of ear, nose, and throat (ENT) are common diseases in the world. The diseases are essential due to morbidities, which affect the physiological functions in the head and neck region. Cerumen impaction is the most common finding disease of ENT in children. The community service was done to find the distribution of ear, nose, and throat examination results of students in Letjen Jamin Ginting Junior High School, Berastagi, especially cerumen impaction which then were treated with cerumen removal. The community service also aimed to increase student's knowledge about ENT disease. The ENT examination was done to 188 students. The students with cerumen impaction were treated with cerumen removal. The students also educated about ENT disease to improve knowledge about ENT disease. Among 188 students, the number of male students was more than female with 98 students (52.1%), where 76 students (40.4%) were 14 years old. 150 students (79.8%) did not have any complaint about their ear, nose, and throat. Ear fullness was a common chief complaint from the students with 15 students (8.0%). Ear disease was a frequent disease with 44 students (47.3%) and cerumen impaction as the most common findings with 43 students (22.9%). In ENT disease education, the evaluation was done with the highest result was get by 8 students with 80% corrected answers. Ear disease had high prevalence with cerumen impaction as the most common findings of ENT examination

The Association of CYP2E1 Polymorphism and Environmental Factor in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients

INTRODUCTION: Polymorphism of CYP2E1 induces nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) by activating pro-carcinogens including nitrosamine. Environmental factor such as salted fish, preserved food, tobacco, and alcohol consumption which contains nitrosamine, join with CYP2E1 polymorphism leads to an increase of susceptibility for NPC. OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to identify CYP2E1 polymorphism and the association with other risk factors to NPC in NPC patients. METHODS: This study was analytic research with the case–control design. The samples were taken based on non-probability consecutive sampling method. The identification of CYP2E1 polymorphism was done by the PCR-RFLP method. The association of its variable to NPC was analyzed with the Chi-square test and between polymorphism of CYP2E1 with other risk factors was analyzed with stratified analysis. RESULT: We found that there was no significant association of CYP2E1 polymorphism with NPC. However, the joint effect of CYP2E1 polymorphism with smoking was significant in NPC patients. The risk for NPC in the combination of those two was 4.0-fold. CONCLUSION: The study showed the capability of genetics and environment in the development of NPC. Further study can be done to find evidence of genetics and environmental influence in the prevention and treatment of NPC