Spectrum Sharing and Interference in Smart Homes

Internet of Things networks using Zigbee are very popular in smart homes. However, Zigbee networks are vulnerable to the interference of Wi-Fi networks because they share the same 2.4 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical radio frequency band. Studies have shown that weaker Zigbee signals might be significantly interfered by stronger Wi-Fi signals. This type of interference may cause severe problems when these types of networks coexist in an indoor environment such as in a smart home. In this thesis, the performance of a Zigbee network with and without the presence of a Wi-Fi network has been evaluated in an apartment-based indoor environment mimicking a smart home. The experimental results are obtained and analyzed in terms of received signal strength indicator, packet delay, packet drop rate, and loopback throughput by changing operating channels, distances between Zigbee and Wi-Fi devices, transmission intervals of Zigbee packets, Zigbee transmit power, and Zigbee packet lengths

CHEMOTHERAPY OF LEISHMANIASIS – A REVIEW

Leishmaniasis is a dismissed vector-borne tropical contamination thought to be an ailment of poor people. It is a standout among the most ignored tropical sickness as far as medication disclosure and improvement. Moved in neediness stricken nations inside Southeast Asia, East Africa, and Latin America, it is likewise endemic in a few Mediterranean nations. The administration of the heterogeneous disorders controlled by parasites having a place with the genus Leishmania is, especially troublesome in created, non-endemic nations attributable to the newness of doctors with clinical side effects, demonstrative conceivable outcomes, and accessible treatment choices. Most antileishmanial medications are very lethal and introduce resistance issues or require hospitalization, being along these lines not sufficient to the field. As of late changes have been accomplished by blend treatment, decreasing the time, and cost of treatment. Regardless, new medications are still direly required. This overview highlights the chemotherapeutic operators against leishmaniasis, their science, method of activity and the component of resistance in the parasite. Future viewpoints in the territory of new hostile to leishmanial sedate targets are likewise specified.Â

PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF WHOLE AERIAL PART OF THE HERB LEUCAS PLUKENETII SPRENG (FAMILY-LAMINACEAE)

Objective: To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of Leucas Plukenetii Spreng (family-laminaceae) in conjugation with phytochemical analysis.Methods: The ethanolic extract of whole aerial parts of the herb Leucas Plukenetiispreng (family-laminaceae) was prepared and analysed for phytochemical constituents using standard methods. The antimicrobial activity of the plant extract was examined against 2 bacterial strains among one is gram positive and other is gram negative and 2 fungal strains using agar well diffusion method.Results: The present investigation shows the phytochemical analysis, antimicrobial activity of the ethanolic extract of the plant Leucas Plukenetii Spreng. Various phytochemical analyses revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponin, flavonoids, carbohydrates, glycosides, Steroids, proteins and amino acids and tannins. The antimicrobial activity of the ethanolic extract of the plant showed significant result against all the of the test organisms.Conclusion: The present study concluded that ethanolic extract of whole aerial parts of the Leucas Plukenetii Spreng contains the high presence of phytochemicals. The ethnaolic extract of the plant was found to possess promising antimicrobial activity when compared with the standards

Zigbee Wireless Sensor Networks: Performance Study in an Apartment-Based Indoor Environment

Zigbee is a very popular technology for Internet of things (IoT) networks mainly because of its low power consumption and low-cost features. It shares the unlicensed 2.4 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) radio band with other wireless networks such as Wi-Fi. Usually, Zigbee and Wi-Fi networks coexist in indoor environments for their respective applications. Hence, the coexistence introduces interference for both types of networks lowering the performance of the networks, but Zigbee suffers more significant performance losses because of its lower transmission power than Wi-Fi. Since the number of IoT devices is increasing at an unprecedented rate due to numerous emerging applications and thus making the indoor environments very populous, the peaceful coexistence between Zigbee and Wi-Fi networks in proximity becomes an important research study. For this purpose, this paper presents a comprehensive performance study of a Zigbee network in the presence of a Wi-Fi interference network in a real-life apartment-based indoor environment where Wi-Fi access points of dense neighbors exist. The experiments were done in a XBee module-based Zigbee network for measuring the received signal strength indicator (RSSI), packet drop rate (PDR), and loopback throughput with and without nearby Wi-Fi traffic introduced on purpose. Various networking parameters such as the operating channels, the distances between Zigbee devices and Wi-Fi devices, the transmit timeout of Zigbee packets, and the transmission power of the Zigbee transmitter have been used in the experiments to study the network performance. Our results show that in the deployment of IoT networks in a smart home, radio interference from neighboring homes would not be an important factor, but serious considerations may need to be taken inside the same home. The experimental observations of this paper can serve as a good reference study for Zigbee network deployments in real indoor environments, particularly when interference sources are present in proximity

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF CONTROLLED RELEASE MUCOADHESSIVE MATRIX TABLETS OF LEVAMISOLE: ASSEMENT OF PURIFIED FRUIT PULP POLYSACCHARIDE ISOLATED FROM AEGLE MARMELOS AS MUCOADHESIVE EXCIPIENT

ABSTRACTObjective: Mucoadhesive tablets have been developed for Levamisole using natural mucoadhesive material such as purified polysaccharide isolated fromthe ripe fruit pulp of Aegle marmelos. Lin (AMPS) and evaluate in-vitro, in-vivo mucoadhesive properties to assess its efficacy as mucoadhesive agent.Method: The tablets were formulated with AMPS in different concentration employing wet granulation method. Pre-compression tests, tabletparametric tests, swelling index and In-vitro drug release kinetics were performed. Optimization of formulation was done on the basis of controlledand maximum amount of drug release with respect to time. In-vitro, ex-vivo evaluation of mucoadhesion was performed with all prepared formulationbut in-vivo evaluation was done by X-ray with optimized formulation (F40) in rabbit. Stability studies were carried out according to ICH guide linewith optimized formulation.Results: The tensile strength, mucoadhesive strength and swelling index increase as the natural polymer concentration increase. The releaseKinetics and mechanism of release were calculated by fitting in-vitro release data in various models demonstrating that release. In vitro drug releaseof the optimized batch (F40) was best fitted and explained by Korsemeyer–Peppas and zero order drug release; (Rp=0.9891) and (Ro=0.9842)showed highest linearity and n value 0.97>0.5<1. Hence, pattern of drug release by non-Fickian erosion controlled release. Studies of the optimizedformulation demonstrate no significant change in the tensile strength, mucoadhesive strength and drug assay.Conclusion: These research outcomes clearly specify the potential of the AMPS to be used as mucoadhesive, release retardent natural material intablet formulationKeywords: Polysaccharide, Acrylamidopropylmethane sulfonic acid, Aegle marmelos, Levamisole, Mucoadhessive

PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF DRIED FRUITS OF SOLANUM TORVUM (FAMILY-SOLANACEAE)

Objective: To study the antimicrobial activity ethanolic extracts of dried fruits of Solanumtorvum (family-solanaceae) along with preliminary phytochemical analysis.Methods: The ethanolic extract of dried fruits of the herb Solanumtorvum (family-solanaceae) were prepared and analyzed for phytochemical constituents using standard methods. The antimicrobial activity of the plant extracts were examined against 2 bacterial strains among one is gram positive and other is gram negative and 2 fungus using agar well diffusion method.Results: The present experiment shows the phytochemical analysis, antimicrobial activity of the ethanolic extract of dried fruits of the plant Solanumtorvum (family-solanaceae). Various phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponin, flavonoids, carbohydrates, glycosides, Steroids, proteins and amino acids and tannins. All the extracts of the plant showed antimicrobial activity against most of the test organisms.Conclusion: It can be concluded ethanolic extract of whole aerial parts of the Solanumtorvum (family-solanaceae) contain the high presence of phytochemicals. This extract was found to possess promising antimicrobial activity when compared with the standards

PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF STEM OF THE HERB BASELLA ALBA L. VAR RUBRA (L.) STEWART (FAMILY-BASELLACEAE)

Objective: To evaluate the antimicrobial activity ethanolic extracts of Basella alba L. var. rubra (L.) stewart (family-basellaceae) along with phytochemical analysis.Methods: The ethanolic extract of stems of the herb Basella alba L. var. rubra (L.) stewart (family-basellaceae) were prepared and analysed for phytochemical constituents using standard methods. The antimicrobial activity of the plant extracts were examined against 2 bacterial strains among one is gram positive and other is gram negative and2 fungal strains using agar well diffusion method.Results: The present study describes the phytochemical profile and antimicrobial activity of Basella alba L. var. rubra (L.) stewart. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the extract were carried out and it revealed the presence of carbohydrates, tannins, terpene, saponin. The presence of these bioactive constituents is associated with the antimicrobial activity of the plant. The extract solvated by ethanol showed varying levels of antimicrobial activity against the tested bacteria namely E. coli, S. aureus, and fungi namely Candida albicans and Trichophyton rubrum. The study showed that the extract has a marked Sensitivity towards antibacterial strains namely E. coli, S. aureus, and antifungal strain namely Candida albicans and Trichophyton rubrum.Conclusion: The present study concluded ethanolic extract of stem of theBasella alba L. var. rubra (L.) stewartrevels many phytochemicals such as carbohydrate,tenin, saponin etc. This extract was found to possess promising antimicrobial activity when compared with the standards

आँध्रप्रदेश में विशाखपट्टणम तट पर समुद्री शैवाल काप्पाफाईककस जातियों का समुद्री संवर्धन - संभावनाएं और प्रत्याशाएं

आँध्रप्रदेश में विशाखपट्टणम तट पर समुद्री शैवाल काप्पाफाईककस जातियों का समुद्री संवर्धन - संभावनाएं और प्रत्याशाए

पर्यावरण अनुकूल ग्रूपर पालन प्रौघोगिकियाँ – नया आशा किरण

कृपया पूरा लेखा पढ

సముద్రములో చేపల సాగుకు అవసరమైన మూరింగుకు యాంత్రిక పరిజ్ఞ్యానం (Engineering aspects of mooring for offshore cage farming of finfishes)

Cage culture has been demonstrated as a suitable tool to enhance marine fish production in coastal areas by Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute in recent years. Cage farming fully depends on the cage stability in the sea considering the rough weather conditions throughout the seasons which differs from place to place. The design and installation of offshore cage needs basic understanding on their behavior in actual sea conditions. As a cage system operates in open sea, it is subjected to currents, waves and winds. The mooring and anchoring system helps to keep the cage in sea against drifting