Respon Beberapa Varietas Padi Terhadap Serangan Fusarium fujikuroi Penyebab Penyakit Bakanae

Fusarium fujikuroi is the cause of bakanae disease in rice plants. Level of bakanae disease attack on some rice cultivation land in West Sumatra, especially in Padang Pariaman district is quite high. One effort to suppress the development of F. fujikuroi is by planting resistant varieties. In this study, 15 rice varieties originating Sumatera Barat were used to be tested for their response to F. fujikuroi attack. The purpose of this study was to obtain the varieties with the low attack rate of F. fujikuroi. Parameters observed were number of dead seeds, number of dead seedlings, number of stunted seedlings, number of seeds showing symptoms of Bakanae and total infected seeds. The results of the study indicated that symptoms of F. fujikuroi attack varied which  were dead seeds, stunting seedlings, dead seedslings and bakanae. The response of rice varieties to  F. fujikuroi attack was different with characterized by different levels of infection rates. Low infection rates were found in Pessel varieties (2.0%), Batang sahalai (15.5%), Cisokan (17.0%), and Batang Lembang (20%). Other varieties showed a high percentage of F. fujikuroi attacks ranging from 20% to 54.5%

Potensi Khamir Epifit Indigenus untuk Mengendalikan Colletotrichum capsici, Penyebab Penyakit Antraknosa pada Buah Cabai Merah

Anthracnose is an important disease in red chili caused by Colletotrichum capsici which can reduce productivity by up to 65%. Controlling using indigenous epiphytic yeasts has never been done. The study aimed to determine the ability of indigenous epiphytic yeast isolates to control C. capsici on red chili. The study was carried out at the Phytopathology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas, from August 2019 - April 2020 in vitro and in vivo. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) which consisted of 6 treatments with five different isolates (4 isolates from fruit and one from leaves) and a control. Parameters observed were macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of yeasts, C. capsici colony area, disease incubation period, and anthracnose symptoms. The results showed that the five epiphytic yeast isolates could suppress the growth of C. capsici, inhibit colony expansion between 27.09 – 59.11%, extend the incubation period for one day, and inhibit the expansion of anthracnose symptoms between 52.30 – 62.64%. Epiphytic yeast isolate KB1 derived from fruit has the highest inhibition