Sauna-Induced Body Mass Loss in Young Sedentary Women and Men

The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and body mass loss (BML) induced by thermal stress in a dry sauna. The study was conducted on a group of 674 sedentary students, 326 women and 348 men aged 19-20. The correlations between BMI scores and BML were determined. The subjects were placed in supine position in a dry sauna for two sessions of 10 minutes each with a 5-minute break. The influence of BMI on the amount of BML in the sauna was determined by nonlinear stepwise regression. The smallest BML was noted in underweight subjects; students with normal weight lost more weight, whereas the greatest BML was reported in overweight and obese subjects. Persons with a high BMI are at higher risk of dehydration, and they should pay particular attention to replenishing fluids during a visit to the sauna. The proposed equations for calculating BML based on a person's BMI can be useful in estimating the amount of fluids that should be replenished by both men and women during a visit to a dry sauna

Logistics of information in intermodal transport

The contemporary economy is characterised by a high degree of reliance on modern technologies and information systems. Modern technologies have become a source of innovativeness and a tool for building competitive advantage across all sectors of the market, including transportation. Such technologies as telematics, RFID and GPS/GPRS have contributed to the development of transport systems. Information logistics is crucial in order for the modern technologies to be utilised effectively in transportation. This necessity is driven by the fact that information is a type of resource and hence requieres adequate logistics. The same applies to intermodal transport, where it is vital to manage the stores of information appropriately and efficiently through well organised logistics. This article discusses logistics of information as one of the key auxiliaries to intermodal transport. It also outlines an innovative approach to information as viewed from the perspective of domestic railway companies, which may benefit from implementing information logistics in order to utilise such assets as railway infrastructure, supply trains, train stations, sidetracks and ground adjacent to railtracks. This, in turn, will allow them to transition from being traditional transport suppliers to the rank of logistics integrators responsible for handling intermodal transport. The authors elaborate on the possible functional mechanisms of an intermodal transport market whose management and supervision is assumed by a domestic railway service supplier, thereby becoming an integrator of logistics for intermodal transport whose operating draws on information flows between operators working in different sectors of transport

An approach of explaining math function graphs through the sound representation for blind students

One of the key abilities that should be learned by every student is mastering math skills. It is particularly difficult for blind students who have problems with access to information that is usually presented graphically for common pupils. In mathematics one such information is the presentation of graphs. However there are several drawing techniques for the blind, but they are expensive, and hard for common using. One way to solve this problem may be using a special sound representation of math graphics for the blind students. In this article, an approach allowing to provide making such presentation possible is presented. Briefly it is grounded on the conversion of graphic data of the math drawing to sound wave with proper assets

The Fungal Communities on Spring Wheat Seeds From Different Environmental Conditions

Seeds of ten cultivars of spring wheat from five different localized breeding stations were tested for seedhealth. The same seeds were sown in Radzików in field experiment and its seed health after harvest was evaluatedalso. The basic material of wheat was infected by numerous fungi: 36 fungal species belonging to 24genera and the most often occurred: Alternaria alternata, Epicoccum purpurascens, Fusarium spp.,Drechslera spp. and B. sorokiniana. It was found significant differences between cultivars for total fungioccurred on seeds, for seed infection by main pathogens (B. sorokiniana, Drechslera spp. and Fusariumspp.). Also seeds from breeders were strongly infected by these pathogens in comparison to seeds harvested infield experiment in Radzików.

Seed sowing value of certified seed of winter wheat stored in storehouse

W magazynie nasiennym przez 5 lat przechowywano próby żelazne kwalifikowanego materiału siewnego pszenicy ozimej odmiany Tonacja i Bamberka. Corocznie badano wartość siewną nasion. Wykazano, że wigor nasion obu odmian obniżył się po 3-4 roku przechowywania, a zdolność kiełkowania uległa obniżeniu dopiero po 4-5 roku w zależności od odmiany.During 5 years in storehouse were stored seed samples of winter wheat certified seed material variety Tonacja and Bamberka. Every year the seed sowing value was investigated. It was found that seed vigour of both varieties decreased after 3-4 years of storage. The germination ability decreased only in 4-5 year of storage depending on variety

An introduction to multivariate statistical analyses. Part I. Theoretical background

Analizy wielocechowe są coraz szerzej stosowane w badaniach rolniczych. Powszechna dostępność pakietów statystycznych realizujących tego typu analizy pozwala na ich powszechne wykorzystywanie. Problemem staje się więc umiejętność właściwego wykorzystania tych analiz i poprawnej interpretacji uzyskanych z nich wyników. W pracy omówiono podstawowe pojęcia analizy wielozmiennej, opisano wielozmienny model liniowy obserwacji, wielocechową analizę wariancji, niezbędne statystyki testowe a także wielocechowe metody oceny podobieństwa obiektów.Multivariate analyses are increasingly used in agricultural research. The widespread availability of statistical packages pursuing this type of analysis allows for their use. Then, the ability of appropriate application of the analysis and correct interpretation of its results becomes problematic. The paper discusses basic concepts of the multivariate analysis, the multivariate model of observations, the multivariate analysis of variance, the appropriate statistical tests and the multivariate methods for estimation of the objects’ similarity