The role of health schools in preventing the major non-contagious diseases at the primary medical care level in Kazakhstan

National Centre for Problems of Healthy Lifestyle Development, Congresul III al Medicilor de Familie din Republica Moldova, 17–18 mai, 2012, Chişinău, Republica Moldova, Conferinţa Naţională „Maladii bronhoobstructive la copii”, consacrată profesorului universitar, doctor habilitat Victor Gheţeul, 27 aprilie, Chişinău, Republica MoldovaThis article presents the results of the introduction of Health Schools at the level of Primary Health Care in Republic Kazakhstan. It is remarked that the participation of primary medical workers in Health Schools increases the efficiency of correction at patients with risk factors and increases the activity of prophylactic consultation of the supervised ones.В статье представлены результаты внедрения Школ здоровья на уровне первичной медико-санитарной помощи в Республике Казахстан. Указывается, что участие медицинских работников первичного звена здравоохранения в Школах Здоровья способствует повышению эффективности коррекции у пациентов факторов риска и повышает активность профилактического консультирования наблюдаемых контингентов

Development of primary medical care and of family medicine at present in Kazakhstan

National Centre for Problems of Healthy Lifestyle Development, Congresul III al Medicilor de Familie din Republica Moldova, 17–18 mai, 2012, Chişinău, Republica Moldova, Conferinţa Naţională „Maladii bronhoobstructive la copii”, consacrată profesorului universitar, doctor habilitat Victor Gheţeul, 27 aprilie, Chişinău, Republica MoldovaThe step-by-step introduction of the Unitary National Health System since 2010 has helped the health system in Kazakhstan to reach a new level of development, by the means of introducing rational forms and methods of providing Primary Medical Care on the basis of pre-medical practices. There is a comparative analysis of a poll conducted among general practitioners and district doctors regarding clear-demonstrative information for patients, presented. In this work, there is also the Model of organization of the Primary Medical Care in Kazakhstan presents, which includes: (1) department of prophylaxis and socio-psychological help, (2) social worker, (3) cabinet of prophylaxis, Healthy Lifestyle, (4) psychologist, (5) cabinet of the healthy child, (6) centres for strengthening health, (7) youth health centres.Поэтапное внедрение с 2010 Единой Национальной Системы Здравоохранения в Казахстане привело к подъёму на качественно новый уровень развития посредством внедрения рациональных форм и методов оказания Первичной Медико-Санитарной Помощи на базе доврачебной практики. В работе представлен сравнительный анализ зондажа проведённого среди Врачей Общей Практики и участковых врачей в области наглядно-демонстративной информации для пациентов. Также, в работе представлена Модель организации первичной медикосанитарной помощи в Казахстане, которая включает: (1) отделение профилактики и социально-психологической помощи; (2) социальный работник; (3) кабинет профилактики и здорового образа жизни; (4) психолог; (5) кабинет здорового ребёнка; (6) центры укрепления здоровья; (7) молодёжные центры здоровья

Genetic, social, and behavioral risk factors for tuberculosis: preliminary results from a matched case-control study in Kazakhstan

We designed a case-control study to examine demographic, clinical, social and cultural factors associated with tuberculosis in four regions of Kazakhstan. Cases included persons identified by the national tuberculosis program as having primary pulmonary tuberculosis, and controls were healthy household members and randomly selected community residents

Tuberculosis report among injection drug users and their partners in Kazakhstan

Abstract ObjectivesTuberculosis (TB) is a major threat to global public health. Kazakhstan has the second highest percentage of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) cases among incident tuberculosis cases in the world (WHO 2013). A high burden of MDR-TB suggests TB prevention, control, and treatment programs are failing. This study provides an epidemiologic profile of TB among injection drug users (IDUs), a high-risk and chronically underserved population, in Kazakhstan. Study designCross-sectional study. MethodsThe authors studied the characteristics and risk environment of IDUs with self-reported previous active TB and their primary sexual partners in Almaty, Kazakhstan. 728 individuals (364 couples) participated in a couple-based study in 2009. Results16.75% of participants reported at least one positive TB test (x-ray) in their lifetime. In a multivariable logistic regression adjusting for couple-based sampling, persons with positive TB test were significantly more likely to be older (odds ratio (OR) 7.26, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.73, 30.43), male (OR 5.53, 95% CI: 2.74, 11.16), have a shorter duration of injection drug use (OR 0.17, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.65), have received high social support from their significant other (OR 2.13, 95% CI: 1.03, 4.40) and more likely (non-significantly) to have been incarcerated (OR 7.03, 95% CI: 0.64, 77.30). ConclusionsOlder men with a history of incarceration and recent injection drug use were more likely to have positive TB test in Kazakhstan. Social network support, while potentially positive for many aspects of population health, may increase risk of TB among IDUs in this context. Public health policies that target high-risk populations and their at-risk networks may be necessary to stem the rise of MDR-TB in Central Asia