Synthesis, characterization, and water oxidation by a molecular chromophore-catalyst assembly prepared by atomic layer deposition. The “mummy” strategy

A Ru( ii )-polypyridyl chromophore-catalyst assembly for light-assisted water oxidation is constructed using atomic layer deposition with no covalent bonds between molecules required for bilayer formation

The Efficiency and Equity of the Tax and Transfer System in France

Taxes and cash transfers reduce income inequality more in France than elsewhere in the OECD, because of the large size of the flows involved. But the system is complex overall. Its effectiveness could be enhanced in many ways, for example so as to achieve the same amount of redistribution at lower cost. This Working Paper relates to the 2013 OECD Economic Review of France (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/France).http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/133065/1/wp1047.pd

The Dualisation of Social Policies towards Young People in France: Between Familism and Activation

The mass expansion of higher education, the extension of the typical duration of studies and growing difficulties in entering the labour market have changed the transition from youth to adulthood. For these reasons some authors refer to youth as a ‘new age of life’ (Galland, 1993) or, in psychological terms, as ‘emerging adulthood’ (Arnett, 2000). In the literature on youth and the transition to adulthood, many typologies have been proposed in order to analyse the various possible institutional national arrangements that shape this transition (Breen and Buchmann, 2002; Van de Velde, 2008; Wallace and Bendit, 2009; Walther, 2006). They all rely on the seminal three-term typology of ‘welfare regimes’ developed by Esping-Andersen (Esping-Andersen, 1990) and further modified by Gallie and Paugam (Gallie and Paugam, 2000), who added a fourth type following the insights of Ferrera (Ferrera, 1996)