Cultural Basis of Sport Anglersˈ Response to Reduced Lake Trout Catch Limits

The cultural domain of southeastern Wisconsin anglers along Lake Michigan was assessed from responses to a state‐proposed reduction in the daily allowable catch of lake trout Salvelinus namaycush. The studyˈs baseline was an extensive random survey in 1980 of the areaˈs anglers with respect to Lake Michigan fishery resources. The 1984 lake trout issue was addressed by a restudy involving a small dimensional subsample of 1980 respondents and was cross‐validated with ethnographic interviews. The findings suggest that anglers have responded over time to the stateˈs policy proposals in a manner consistent with a stable value system that is not seriously masked by changes in short‐term attitudes about the fishery. The results further indicate that, once a good cultural data base is established, the sociocultural impacts of proposed fishery policies can be evaluated inexpensively by a restudy approach.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141485/1/tafs0503.pd

Attributes of Alignment of Real Estate and Facilities Management to Business Needs – an international comparative analysis

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to present a model for consideration of real estate and facilities management (RE/FM) alignment to business needs and to validate the model based on questionnaire surveys carried out in a number of countries around the world.Design/methodology/approach– The model for RE/FM alignment is inspired by the work of the fathers of the Balanced Scorecard in their book called Alignment. The model includes a number of criteria for alignment between business needs, facility solutions, FM services and FM resources. Three multi-year questionnaire surveys were conducted using the same methodology: the surveys have been carried out in three rounds in different languages: English, Portuguese and Danish. The respondents were senior professionals in the area of FM and real estate/property, mostly working at strategic levels, and representing countries in Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America. The results of the different surveys were combined and then analyzed, using both statistical analysis and tests to validate the results. Differences in the priorities of the alignment criteria in the different regions are described and analyzed.Findings– A main result of the surveys is that all of the alignment criteria were seen as relevant and useful in nearly all countries, but the accorded priorities to the different criteria varied significantly for some of the alignment variables in the different regions. The highest degree of agreement was on “capacity”, being the most important criteria for the alignment between supply and demand of facility solutions in relation to business needs. One of the main differences in agreement was between the importance of strategy versus cost in the alignment between “facility solutions” and “FM services”.Originality/value– Alignment of RE/FM to business needs is an essential management task and an important tool for RE/FM executives to create added value to their core business. However, there has so far only been limited research into such an alignment concept applicable to FM and an implementation model.Department of Building Services Engineerin

Prevalence of tick-borne encephalitis virus antibodies in dogs from Denmark

BACKGROUND: Large regions of central and eastern Europe are recognized as areas where tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is endemic, including countries neighbouring Denmark. It is therefore timely and relevant to determine if TBEV infections occur in Denmark. This study investigates the presence of antibodies against TBEV in a cross-section of the Danish canine population to assess the level of exposure to TBEV and possibly identify TBEV microfoci in Denmark. METHODS: Blood samples were collected from 125 dogs originating from five regions of Denmark between November 2005 and March 2006. Serum was tested by indirect ELISA. All positive and borderline samples were re-evaluated by neutralisation test (NT). RESULTS: The prevalence of TBEV serocomplex antibodies was 30% by ELISA and 4.8% by NT (with 100%-neutralising capacity). The island of Bornholm was the only area in Denmark with NT positive samples. CONCLUSIONS: The island of Bornholm is an area with a high risk of encountering TBEV microfoci. The presence of TBEV serocomplex antibodies in many sentinel animals from other parts of Denmark points toward existence of other TBEV microfoci. Discrepancies found between ELISA and NT results stress the importance of careful evaluation of serological tests, when interpreting results

Quantitative Evaluation of Attack Defense Trees using Stochastic Timed Automata

International audienceSecurity analysis is without doubt one of the most important issues in a society relying heavily on computer infrastructure. Unfortunately security analysis is also very difficult due to the complexity of systems. This is bad enough when dealing with ones own computer systems-but nowadays organisations rely on third-party services-cloud services-along with their own antiquated legacy systems. Combined this makes it overwhelming difficult to obtain an overview of possible attack scenarios. Luckily, some formalisms such as attack trees exists that can help security analysts. However, temporal behaviour of the attacker is rarely considered by these formalisms. In this paper we build upon previous work on attack-defence trees to build a proper temporal semantics. We consider the attack-defence tree a reachability objective for an attacker and thereby separates the attacker logic from the attack-defence tree. We give a temporal stochastic semantics for arbitrary attackers (adhering to certain requirements to make the attacker " sane ") and we allow annotating attacker actions with time-dependent costs. Furthermore, we define what we call a cost-preserving attacker profile and we define a parameterised attacker profile. The defined semantics is implemented via a translation to uppaal SMC. Using uppaal SMC we answers various questions such as the expected cost of an attack, we find the probability of a successful attack and we even show how an attacker can find a optimal parameter setting using ANOVA and Tukeys test

An investigation of safe and near-optimal strategies for prevention of Covid-19 exposure using stochastic hybrid models and machine learning

In this work investigate the use of stochastic hybrid models, statistical model checking and machine learning to analyze, predict and control the rapid spreading of Covid-19. During the pandemic numerous studies using stochastic models have been produced. Most of these studies are used to predict the effect of some restrictions. In contrast, in this paper we focus on the synthesis of strategies which prevent Covid-19 spreading. The computed strategies provide valuable information which can be used by the authorities to design new and more specific restrictions. We consider two large case studies that develop in the Copenhagen area in Denmark. Our experiments show that the computed strategies significantly prevent Covid-19 spreading, and thus provide valuable information e.g. expected social distance to minimize Covid-19 spreading. On the technical side, we demonstrate the applicability of analytical methods for preventing the spreading of Covid-19 in large scenarios