32,550 research outputs found
Polynomial Linear Programming with Gaussian Belief Propagation
Interior-point methods are state-of-the-art algorithms for solving linear
programming (LP) problems with polynomial complexity. Specifically, the
Karmarkar algorithm typically solves LP problems in time O(n^{3.5}), where
is the number of unknown variables. Karmarkar's celebrated algorithm is known
to be an instance of the log-barrier method using the Newton iteration. The
main computational overhead of this method is in inverting the Hessian matrix
of the Newton iteration. In this contribution, we propose the application of
the Gaussian belief propagation (GaBP) algorithm as part of an efficient and
distributed LP solver that exploits the sparse and symmetric structure of the
Hessian matrix and avoids the need for direct matrix inversion. This approach
shifts the computation from realm of linear algebra to that of probabilistic
inference on graphical models, thus applying GaBP as an efficient inference
engine. Our construction is general and can be used for any interior-point
algorithm which uses the Newton method, including non-linear program solvers.Comment: 7 pages, 1 figure, appeared in the 46th Annual Allerton Conference on
Communication, Control and Computing, Allerton House, Illinois, Sept. 200
The world crisis: the implications of globalised finance
The term “globalisation” has survived its first significant sell-by date in modern times. Rightly, it continues to attract policy attention and debate at the very highest levels. Together with just a handful of others—economic growth and inequality, financial crisis, climate change—with all of which it remains inextricably intertwined, only globalisation among economic phenomena has both effects and causes observable from outer space. Its impact on the welfare of humanity is therefore singular. This is even before one considers the sweeping changes in culture and politics that ever greater global integration both requires and engenders. This article cannot hope to cover the massive body of modern thinking that surrounds globalisation. Instead, what it seeks to do is two-fold: first, flag, with the benefit of hindsight, some of the key background points that any continuing discussion of globalisation needs to keep in mind; and second, offer conjecture where the most likely contentious issues in the near future might be. To keep within space constraints, careful and exhaustive discussion of empirical evidence is omitted. Instead, just the largest salient facts are provided where needed
Comment on Donohue
A comment on John J. Donohue III\u27s article on the effects of fee-shifting rules on the rate of settlements in lawsuits is presented. The article bears out the idea that something may work fine in practice but it remains to be proven if it will work in theory
Circular groups, planar groups, and the Euler class
We study groups of C^1 orientation-preserving homeomorphisms of the plane,
and pursue analogies between such groups and circularly-orderable groups. We
show that every such group with a bounded orbit is circularly-orderable, and
show that certain generalized braid groups are circularly-orderable. We also
show that the Euler class of C^infty diffeomorphisms of the plane is an
unbounded class, and that any closed surface group of genus >1 admits a C^infty
action with arbitrary Euler class. On the other hand, we show that Z oplus Z
actions satisfy a homological rigidity property: every orientation-preserving
C^1 action of Z oplus Z on the plane has trivial Euler class. This gives the
complete homological classification of surface group actions on R^2 in every
degree of smoothness.Comment: Published by Geometry and Topology Monographs at
http://www.maths.warwick.ac.uk/gt/GTMon7/paper15.abs.htm
Cosmology and Hierarchy in Stabilized Randall-Sundrum Models
We consider the cosmology and hierarchy of scales in models with branes
immersed in a five-dimensional curved spacetime subject to radion
stabilization. The universe naturally find itself in the radiation-dominated
epoch when the inter-brane spacing is static and stable, independent of the
form of the stabilizing potential. We recover the standard Friedmann equations
without assuming a specific form for the bulk energy-momentum tensor. We
address the hierarchy problem in the context of a quartic and exponential
stabilizing potential, and find that in either case the presence of a negative
tension brane is required and that the string scale can be as low as the
electroweak scale. In the situation of self-tuning branes (corresponding to an
exponential potential) where the bulk cosmological constant is set to zero, the
brane tensions have hierarchical values.Comment: 3 pages, 1 figure, 1 table. Talk given at DPF 2000, Columbus, OH,
August 12, 200
- …