Graphic depiction of ND5 domain structure.

<p>a: Domain structure of ND5-1 from <i>H</i>. <i>rugulosus</i> (BT). b: Domain structure of ND5-2 from <i>H</i>. <i>rugulosus</i> (BT). c: Domain structure of ND5 from <i>H</i>. <i>rugulosus</i> (WT). d: Domain structure of ND5 from <i>H</i>. <i>tigerinus</i>. Signal peptides are shown in red, transmembrane regions in blue, and low complexity in pink. The Oxidored_q1_N and Oxidored_q1 regions are shown in green. The NADH5_C region is shown in yellow.</p

Statistics describing the divergence (<i>p</i>-distance) in mitochondrial genes between <i>H</i>. <i>rugulosus</i> wild type and <i>H</i>. <i>tigerinus</i>, between <i>H</i>. <i>rugulosus</i> wild type and bred type, as well as between <i>H</i>. <i>rugulosus</i> bred type and <i>H</i>. <i>tigerinus</i>.

<p>W: <i>H</i>. <i>rugulosus</i> wild type; B: <i>H</i>. <i>rugulosus</i> bred type; T: <i>H</i>. <i>Tigerinus</i>.</p

Putative secondary structures of O_L of 12 species of Dicroglossidae.

<p>Dashes (–) indicate Watson–Crick base pairing.</p

Phylogenetic relationships among basal Hexapods inferred from Bayesian analysis of protein-coding gene sequences.

<p>2 Crustacean species <i>Capitulum mitella</i> and <i>Pollicipes mitella</i> were used as the outgroup. Numbers denoted posterior probabilities of nodes.</p

Location of features in the mtDNA of <i>H</i>. <i>rugulosus</i> (BT).

<p>Location of features in the mtDNA of <i>H</i>. <i>rugulosus</i> (BT).</p

Predicted secondary structures for the 22 tRNA genes of <i>H</i>. <i>rugulosus</i> bred type.

<p>Dashes (–) indicate Watson–Crick base pairing and plus (+) indicate G+U base pairing. Arms of tRNAs (clockwise from the top) are the amino acid acceptor (AA) arm, the TyC (T) arm, the anticodon (AC) arm, and the dihydrouridine (DHU) arm.</p

Mitochondrial map of <i>H</i>. <i>rugulosus</i> bred type.

<p>tRNAs are labeled according to the three letter amino acid codes. Gene name inside indicates the direction of transcription from left to right, and gene name outside indicates right to left.</p

Primer sequences used in this study.

<p>Notes: Y = C/T, R = A/G, M = A/C, W = A/T, K = G/T, S = G/C, and H = A/T/C.</p><p>Primer sequences used in this study.</p

Phylogenetic relationships among <i>Hoplobatrachus</i>.

<p>Phylogenetic analysis was carried out for the 41 tiger frogs using the <i>Cyt b</i> gene. The tree was rooted with two out-groups (<i>E</i>. <i>cyanophlyctis</i> and <i>E</i>. <i>hexadactylus</i>). Numbers at the nodes are NJ bootstrap values.</p

The predicted three-dimensional structures of ND5 proteins.

<p>a: Ribbon diagram structure of ND5-1 from <i>H</i>. <i>rugulosus</i> (BT). b: Ribbon diagram structure of ND5-2 from <i>H</i>. <i>rugulosus</i> (BT). c: Ribbon diagram structure of ND5 from <i>H</i>. <i>rugulosus</i> (WT). d: Ribbon diagram structure of ND5 from <i>H</i>. <i>tigerinus</i>. The signal peptide is shown in red, transmembrane regions in blue and β strands in purple. The Oxidored_q1_N and Oxidored_q1 regiona are shown in green. The NADH5_C region is shown in yellow. α helices and loops outside of the domain regions are shown in black. The low complexity region is marked in pink. Signal peptide and transmembrane regions of ND5 from <i>H</i>. <i>tigerinus</i> aer not shown in part d.</p