An analysis of household energy choice and consumption in Bauchi State, Nigeria

The main choice of energy sources remains one of the most important aspects of households’ living. This study was conducted with the main aim of assessing the factors that influence household energy choice and consumption in Bauchi State, Nigeria. To achieve these objectives, samples were selected using cluster area sampling technique, whereby a total number of 539 respondents were utilised. The multinomial logit model (MNLM) result has shown that higher incomes, higher education levels, location in the urban areas and living in self – owned homes; have positive impacts on the probability of adopting cleaner sources of cooking fuel. Additionally, the estimated MNLM for the lighting fuel choice indicates that the age of the household head, the income level, location in the urban areas, the number of rooms and the availability of electricity; have positive impacts on the probability of using electricity. Furthermore, the estimated Ordinary Least Square (OLS) model indicates that gender and the number of rooms have positive impacts on firewood consumption, while the level of education and the firewood price have negative impacts on the quantity of firewood consumption. Moreover, the Tobit estimate indicates that age, income and firewood price; have positive impacts on the use of kerosene. Contrarily, kerosene price has a negative impact on the intensity of kerosene use. In addition, the OLS estimate for electricity expenditure indicates that location in the urban areas and the number of electricity devices at home; have positive impacts on the expenditure on electricity. Finally, the estimated Verme models for testing the relative income hypothesis indicate that the theory is relevant in explaining households’ energy choice and consumption. Therefore, a sound policy that will introduce some households with modern source of energy will have strong and wide impact on more households that will move towards the use of modern energy sources through the relative influence. Additionally, raising incomes and campaign awareness will help to improve the situation. Lastly, a study that will analyse household energy choice and consumption over time is recommended

Explorative Analysis of Household Energy Consumption in Bauchi State, Nigeria

This study was conducted with the major aim of conducting descriptive and exploratory analyses on the socio-economic characteristics of households in Bauchi state and their pattern of energy choice and consumption. A total sample of 539 household responses were analysed, which were selected using cluster area sampling. The analysis indicates that the average monthly household income is USD 220, and the average monthly firewood consumption per household is about 35 bundles. Moreover, about 70% of the respondents argued that they use firewood as their main source of cooking fuel. For the lighting source of energy, 65% of the households argued that they use electricity as their main source of lighting. Additionally, the correlation analysis indicates that income has a positive relationship with the quantity of energy consumption, while there is a negative relationship between the price of a particular source of energy and its consumption. The study suggests that there is a need of a good policy that will reduce the households much dependence on firewood to other cleaner sources of energy

Farmers and the adoption of modern fertiliser: A case of irrigational farming in auyo local government area, Jigawa State, Nigeria

The study examines the determinants of fertiliser demand among irrigation farmers in Auyo Local Government Area of Jigawa State, Nigeria. Data for the study was sourced using structured questionnaire, a two-stage sampling technique was used to select the respondents. Logit regression model was estimated to analyse the factors that influence modern fertilizer adoption, the result of the estimated model shows that, marital status, farm size, farming experience, contact with extension workers, membership of association were statistically significant in determining fertiliser adoption in Auyo local government area, Jigawa State. The result further shows that the major obstacles to fertiliser adoption and use intensity include: high cost of fertilizer, lack of credit facilities, inadequate supply, untimely supply, hoarding of fertilizer by agents, hoarding of fertilizer by agents and supply of undesired type. The work recommends that, government should enhance the services of extension workers, offer micro finance services, provide credit facilities, skills and training programmes on some off – farm jobs for farmers in the study area

Household energy consumption in Bauchi State, Nigeria

This study was conducted with the major aim of conducting descriptive and exploratory analysis on the socio-economic characteristics of households in Bauchi state and their pattern of energy choice and consumption.A total sample of 539 household responses were analyzed which were selected using cluster area sampling. The analysis indicates that the average monthly household income is USD 220 and the average monthly firewood consumption per a household is about 35 bundles. Moreover, about 70% of the respondents argued that they use firewood as their main source of cooking fuel.For the lighting source of energy, 65% of the households argued that they use electricity as their main source of lighting.Additionally, the correlation analysis indicates that income has a positive relationship with the quantity of energy consumption, while there is a negative relationship between price of a particular source of energy and its consumption. The study suggests that there is a need of a good policy that will reduce the households much dependence on firewood to other cleaner source of energy

An Analysis of the Determinants of Households' Energy Choice: A Search for Conceptual Framework

The aim of this paper was conceptual analysis of the determinants of household energy choice and consumption in order to provide information on current understanding of the pattern of household energy consumption behaviour in developing countries. Data for this study was obtained from existing literatures on household energy demand and the economic impact of energy as well. The methodology heavily relied on existing previous literatures on the subject being dealt with. The paper showed that previous studies (individually) used various but limited econometric models for analysing household energy consumption behaviour which limit the scope of their analysis. Variables like; degree days, electric water heater, electric clothes dryer, dish washer, number in house, family income, age of respondents, nature of employment, municipality of residence, expenditure per capita, private water connection, age of household head, were found to be positively significant related to household energy choice and consumption. The paper concluded that, not all factors are equally important in explaining household consumption behaviour for different areas. Finally, the paper pointed out three important aspects to be covered by future studies on household energy, choice, and consumption. Keywords: Households; Energy choice; Consumption; Determinants; Conceptual Framework JEL Classifications: Q20; Q30; Q4

From biomass cooking fuel source to modern alternative for Bauchi State households: a preliminary analysis

Biomass as the source of cooking fuel is one of the causes of indoor air pollution, desertification, soil erosion and other visual problems. The main aim of this study is to carry out a feasibility analysis in order to ascertain the possibility of conducting a study on the factors influencing household cooking fuel choice in Bauchi State.A total of 30 households were chosen systematically from the study area.A logit regression model was used to analyse the data. Cronbach's alpha value of 0.71 shows good reliability and acceptability as a valid study. Therefore, a study to analyse the determinants of household cooking fuel choice in Bauchi State is feasible and may provide conclusions relevant for policy making.Logit results show that income, number of rooms and nature of the home building are the variables that are positively related to the odds of adopting modern cooking fuel sources. Age of household head, gender of household head and home appliances are negatively related to the odds of adopting modern cooking fuel sources. Therefore, appropriate relevant policies will encourage households to adopt modern sources of cooking fuels

An analysis of the determinants of households’ energy choice: A search for conceptual framework

The aim of this paper was conceptual analysis of the determinants of household energy choice and consumption in order to provide information on current understanding of the pattern of household energy consumption behavior in developing countries.Data for this study was obtained from existing literature's on household energy demand and the economic impact of energy as well.The methodology heavily relied on existing previous literature's on the subject being dealt with.The paper showed that previous studies (individually) used various but limited econometric models for analyzing household energy consumption behavior which limit the scope of their analysis Variables like; degree days, electric water heater, electric clothes dryer, dish washer, number in house, family income, age of respondents, nature of employment, municipality of residence, expenditure per capita, private water connection, age of household head, were found to be positively significant related to household energy choice and consumption.The paper concluded that, not all factors are equally important in explaining household consumption behavior for different areas.Finally, the paper pointed out three important aspects to be covered by future studies on household energy, choice, and consumption

Axiom of the relative income hypothesis and household energy choice and consumption in developing areas: empirical evidence using Verme model

According to the relative income hypothesis, consumption behavior of households does not depend solely on their absolute income but also relatively on other peoples' income and consumption behavior. Households try to maintain their consumption pattern in such a way to meet the average consumption standard of their community. This study was conducted with the major aim of testing the validity of this axiom in relation to the household energy choice and consumption in the context of developing countries. In total, 540 households were utilized as the samples of the study. The study used both statistical and econometric (Verme model) tools. Both the cooking and lighting aspects of household energy sources were examined separately. The study found that all the various tests methods confirmed the validity of the axiom of relative income hypothesis in relation to household energy choice and consumption. Therefore, if the policy makers of developing areas take this aspect into consideration, it will simplify the process of making and implementing policies for shifting households away from using traditional biomass energy sources to modern, clean sources of energy

An analysis of household cooking fuel choice: a case of Bauchi State, Nigeria

The primary purpose of this study is to assess the factors that influence households’ choice of cooking fuel in Bauchi State, Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach: In total, 750 samples were selected using multistage area cluster sampling, of which 539 responses were analysed. Multinomial logit model was used to estimate the factors that determine a household’s main cooking fuel choice in Bauchi State, Nigeria.Findings: The result has shown that income, location, price of firewood, hours of electricity supply and home ownership are among the factors that have a significant impact on influencing the type of cooking fuel to be adopted by households.Research limitations/implications: The study cannot offer any explanation about the influence of time dimension on the pattern of household cooking fuel choice in the study area.Practical implications: Implementation of policies to increase the income of households, ensuring the availability of clean cooking fuel source and the increase in the price of firewood will encourage households to switch from using firewood to using cleaner fuel sources such as kerosene, electricity and gas. Originality/value: This study has contributed to the existing literature on household energy choice by conducting a micro-level analysis of households’ cooking fuel choice in Bauchi State where a similar study has not been conducted. The study developed approximately 13 hypotheses (out of which two were found to be irrelevant) and added one new variable to test the impact of the neighbourhood’s source of cooking fuel on households’ cooking fuel choice

An analysis of the determinants of household cooking fuel source in Bauchi State, Nigeria: A preliminary study

High rate of biomass fuel use such as plant residue and firewood as the main source of cooking fuel for households in Bauchi state is one of the major factors that cause problems like; indoor air pollution, desertification, soil erosion,lung cancer and other visual problems.This is a pilot study conducted to assess the factors that influence the choice of household main source of cooking fuel in Bauchi state, Nigeria.Being a pilot study, the main aim is to carry out a feasibility analysis in order to ascertain the possibility of conducting a study on the factors influencing household cooking fuel choice in Bauchi state.A total of 30 households were chosen systematically from one rural and one urban areas of the state. Logit regression model was used to analyse the data.Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.71 shows a good reliability and accepted as a valid study and analysis.Therefore, a study to analyse the determinants of household cooking fuel choice in Bauchi state is feasible and may likely discover a valid conclusion that may benefit particularly, the people of Bauchi state.The Logit results show that marital status of the household head, income, number of rooms, nature of the home building and size of the house; are the variables that significantly and positively related to the odd of adopting modern cooking fuel sources. Therefore, policies to increase these factors will encourage households in Bauchi state to adopt modern sources of cooking fuels. On the other hand, age of the household head, gender of the household head and home appliances are negatively and significantly related to the odd of adopting modern cooking fuel sources.Therefore policies to discourage these factors; will encourage the households in Bauchi state to reduce the use of traditional biomass fuels for cooking purpose