Simulation of a molecular QCA wire

Molecular Quantum Dot Cellular Automata (MQCA) are among the most promising emerging technologies for the expected theoretical operating frequencies (THz), the high device densities and the non-cryogenic working temperature. In this work we simulated a molecular QCA wire, based on a molecule synthesized ad-hoc for this technology. The results discussed are obtained by means of iterative steps of ab-initio calculation

Procedimento per la generazione e l'analisi di segnali di elettrochemiluminescenza e relativo sistema

La presente invenzione si riferisce a un procedimento per la generazione e l‟analisi di segnali di elettrochemiluminescenza, che comprende le operazioni di generare uno stimolo in una cella elettrochimica comprendente un elettrodo di lavoro comprendente nanotubi di carbonio in contatto con una soluzione da misurare, cui è applicato detto stimolo, e rilevare e analizzare un segnale di elettrochemiluminescenza rappresentativo di radiazione di elettrochemiluminescenza emessa da detta soluzione in risposta a detto stimol

Optimized Sampling Rate for Voltammetry-Based Electrochemical Sensing in Wearable and IoT Applications

The recent advancements in electrochemical measurements are guiding the development of new platforms for in-situ point-of-care monitoring of human-metabolite, markers and drugs. Despite this, the application of Voltammetry-Based Sensing (VBS) techniques is still limited in wearable, portable, or IoT systems. In order to use VBS approaches to measure analytes in small and low-power electronic platforms for diagnostics, several improvements are required. For example, the definition of a method to achieve the right trade-off between sample rate and sensing performance is still missing. To develop a method to define the best sampling rate, we present here an extensive analysis of experimental data to prove that is feasible to detect drugs such as paracetamol by Staircase Cyclic Voltammetry (SCV) or Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DVP) direct detection methods, with low sampling frequency. Our results prove that the proposed method helps the development of systems capable of discriminating the minimum pharmacology concentration of the metabolite under analysis with a massive reduction of the sampling frequency

Fully Digital Amplitude Estimation System for In-Vivo Stem Impedance Monitoring

Smart agriculture aims to improve food production and reduce the waste of water and chemicals by monitoring the crops with sensors. Direct and in-vivo crop monitoring can improve the information extracted and increase the impact of smart agriculture. Here, we propose a system to estimate the amplitude of a signal traveling inside a plant stem in vivo. The amplitude of this signal is strictly related to the impedance of the plant, a promising parameter to monitor plant status. This approach allows monitoring the plant impedance with an electric signal carrying other information. The plant stem will act as a communication channel, removing the need for wireless communication systems

Design of Wireless Power Smart Personal Protective Equipment for Industrial Internet of Things

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is crucial in safeguarding against workplace hazards. However, incidents still occur due to improper PPE usage. With the rise of Industry 4.0 and increasing industrial automation, efforts aim to develop systems for real-time monitoring of PPE. We have developed a proof-of-concept of wireless-powered smart PPE that integrates commercial off-the-shelf electronics with PPE. The smart PPE consists of a power harvesting system, an Ultra-High Frequency Radio-Frequency Identification (UHF RFID) tag for tracking and data communication, and a microcontroller directly supporting capacitive sensing used to recognize the correct wearing of the PPE. A common UHF RFID reader interrogates and powers the smart PPE at the same time using the EPCglobal Class-1 Generation-2 communication protocol. The power harvester is more than 30 % efficient at -10 dBm, and the capacitive measurement shows a peak consumption of less than 100 μA at 1.8 V. Finally, the smart PPE was tested in a realistic scenario. The test was conducted by distancing the smart PPE from the reader from 1 m to 4 m in 1 m steps. The results showed that the wireless power supply and the communication data are feasible up to 4 m. The proposed smart PPE is an ultra-low-power wearable solution that easily integrates into industrial infrastructure and is easily miniaturized, ensuring a significant improvement in workplace safety by enabling real-time monitoring of correct PPE usage

SharkTooth: A Scalable Real-Time Algorithm for BLE-Based Wireless Body Sensor Networks Synchronization

The rapid expansion of Wireless Body Sensor Networks (WBSNs) in healthcare, rehabilitation, and movement analysis demands precise time synchronization across sensor nodes to ensure reliable multi-modal data fusion. Existing synchronization solutions for Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)-based WBSNs often rely on hardware-level timestamping or operate in advertising mode, limiting their scalability, interoperability, or usability in real-time interactive applications. In this paper, we present SharkTooth, a novel, scalable, and real-time synchronization algorithm that operates entirely at the application layer of BLE. Unlike prior approaches, SharkTooth does not require any firmware modifications or specialized hardware, and it is compatible with commercial off-the-shelf BLE devices. The algorithm employs an adaptive timestamp correction technique that mitigates both deterministic drift and unpredictable delays caused by packet retransmissions and protocol variability. Extensive experimental validation using up to 12 sensor nodes and 18 BLE network configurations demonstrates submillisecond synchronization accuracy, with a median absolute average synchronization error between 0.21 ms and 0.62 ms, even in congested network scenarios. Compared to state-ofthe-art solutions, SharkTooth is uniquely capable of delivering robust, long-term synchronization in high-throughput, multinode systems using only connection-based BLE communication. By prioritizing compatibility, reproducibility, and real-world performance, SharkTooth advances the design of scalable and interoperable WBSNs for next-generation biomedical and wearable IoT applications