11 research outputs found
Koncentracija bakterija i gljivica u zraku objekta kavezno držanih nesilica.
This paper describes the concentrations of airborne bacteria and fungi in a cage housed laying hens facility, during a production year. Levels of airborne bacteria established in the air of the poultry house ranged from 1.02Ć10 4 CFU/m3 measured in April, to 7.72Ć10 4 CFU/m3 measured in December. Mean values of the total number of fungi ranged from 0.075Ć10 4 CFU/m3 measured in September, to 8.56Ć10 4 CFU/m3 measured in June. Established values of air temperature, relative humidity and air velocity were, generally, in accordance with the technology-predicted ranges. The determined number of bacteria and fungi in the air, as well as the statistically significant impact of microclimate conditions on their number in the air of the cage housed laying hens facility, are in accordance with considerations for standards set for air quality in livestock buildings and the development of reliable systems for monitoring the above factors. The aim is to create production that, besides the economic aspects, must include the protection of animals and people, as well as safety of food and environmenU radu je prikazana koncentracija bakterija i gljivica u zraku objekta kavezno smjeÅ”tenih nesilica tijekom proizvodne godine. Broj bakterija izmjerenih u zraku objekta kretao se od 1,02Ć10 4 CFU/m3, mjereno u travnju, do 7,72Ć10 4 CFU/m3, mjereno u prosincu. Srednje vrijednosti ukupnog broja gljivica iznosile su od 0,075Ć10 4 CFU/m3, izmjerene u rujnu, do 8,56Ć10 4 CFU/m3, izmjereno u lipnju. Izmjerene vrijednosti temperature zraka, relativne vlažnosti i brzine strujanja zraka bile su veÄinom u tehnologijom predviÄenim rasponima. UtvrÄeni broj bakterija i gljivica u zraku, kao i statistiÄki znaÄajan utjecaj mikroklimatskih uvjeta na njihov broj u zraku objekta kavezno držanih nesilica, ukazuju na potrebu za postavljanjem standarda o kakvoÄi zraka u nastambama za životinje te razvoj pouzdanog sustava za praÄenje navedenih Äimbenika. Cilj je stvoriti proizvodnju koja, osim zadovoljenja ekonomskih Äimbenika, mora sadržavati i zaÅ”titu životinja i ljudi, kao i sigurnost hrane i okoliÅ”a
Los hidrocarburos aromĆ”ticos policĆclicos en cuatro tipos de los jamones croatas
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) represent an important contaminant group in a variety of food products. Since PAHs are commonly present in meat products, this study aimed to determine PAH content in four types of Croatian dry-cured hams (Dalmatian, DrniÅ”, Krk and Istrian) produced by four different processing methods. Determination and quantification of PAHs were performed by High performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD). Out of 15 investigated PAHs, 13 compounds were detected. The total average benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) and PAH4 levels obtained from dry-cured hams ranged from 0.05-0.10 Āµg/kg and 0.41-0.67 Āµg/kg, respectively. Even though Krk and Istrian dry-cured ham manufacturing processes do not include the smoking phase, no significant differences were found between investigated dry-cured hams in terms of BaP, PAH4, PAH8 and PAH 15 contents. The presence of detected PAHs in non-smoked dry-cured hams could be a result of the addition of spices in the salting phase. BaP and PAH4 contents found in dry-cured ham samples did not exceed the currently legal levels according to the European legislation.PolicikliÄki aromatski ugljikovodici (PAH-ovi) Äesti su kontaminanti u prehrambenim proizvodima. S obzirom da mesni proizvodi u znaÄajnoj mjeri mogu biti kontaminirani PAH-ovima, cilj ovog rada bio je odrediti njihov udio u Äetiri vrste hrvatskih prÅ”uta. Istraživanje je provedeno na Dalmatinskom, DrniÅ”kom, KrÄkom i Istarskom prÅ”utu, Äiji se tehnoloÅ”ki procesi proizvodnje razlikuju. Analiza PAH spojeva provedena je primjenom visokouÄinkovite tekuÄinske kromatografije sa flourescentnom detekcijom (HPLC-FLD). Od 15 istraživanih PAH spojeva, identificirano je i kvantificirano 13 spojeva. ProsjeÄna koncentracija benz(a)pirena (BaP) iznosila je 0,05-0,10 Āµg/kg, dok su prosjeÄne koliÄine PAH4 spojeva iznosile 0,41-0,67 Āµg/kg. UnatoÄ tome Å”to proces proizvodnje KrÄkog i Istarskog prÅ”uta ne ukljuÄuje fazu dimljenja, nisu odreÄene statistiÄki znaÄajne razlike u udjelima BaP, PAH4, PAH8 i PAH15 spojeva izmeÄu svih istraživanih prÅ”uta. Kontaminacija PAH-ovima kod nedimljenih prÅ”uta je mogla bi biti posljedica primjene zaÄina u fazi soljenja. Koncentracije PAH spojeva odreÄene u uzrocima hrvatskih vrsta prÅ”uta nisu prekoraÄile dopuÅ”tene razine odreÄene trenutno važeÄim zakonodavstvom Europske Unije.Polyzyklische aromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe (PAH) sind Kontaminate, die in Lebensmitteln hƤufig erscheinen. Da Fleischprodukte hƤufig mit polyzyklischen aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen kontaminiert sein kƶnnen, ist das Ziel dieser Arbeit, ihren Anteil in vier Sorten des kroatischen PrÅ”ut zu untersuchen. Die Untersuchung wurde am Dalmatiniski, DrniÅ”ki, KrÄki und Istarski PrÅ”ut durchgefĆ¼hrt, deren Technologieverfahren sich unterscheiden. Die Analyse der polyzyklischen aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffe wurde anhand der HochleistungsflĆ¼ssigkeitschromatograhpie mit Fluoreszentdetektor (HPLC-FLD) vorgenommen. Von den 15 untersuchten PAH-Verbindungen wurden 13 Verbindungen identifiziert und quantifiziert. Die durchschnittliche Konzentration von Benz(a)pyren betrug 0,05-0,10 Āµg/kg, wƤhrend eine durchschnittliche Menge von PAH4 āVerbindungen 0,41-0,67 Āµg/kg ermittelt wurde. Obwohl das Herstellungsverfahren des KrÄki und Istarski PrÅ”ut keine RƤucherungsphase umfasst, wurden keine statistisch relevanten Unterschiede bei den Anteilen der BaP-, PAH4-, PAH- und PAH15-Verbindungen bei den untersuchten PrÅ”ut festgestellt. Die Kontaminierung mit polyzyklischen aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen bei nicht gerƤucherten PrÅ”ut kƶnnte die Folge der Verwendung von GewĆ¼rzen in der Salzungsphase sein. Die Konzentration der PAH-Verbindungen, die bei den Proben der kroatischen PrÅ”ut -Sorten ermittelt wurde, Ć¼berschreitet nicht die zulƤssigen Grenzwerte, die durch die aktuell gĆ¼ltige Gesetzgebung der EuropƤischen Union vorgeschrieben sind.Gli idrocarburi policiclici aromatici (PAH) sono frequenti agenti contaminanti nei prodotti alimentari. PoichĆ© i prodotti a base di carne possono essere significativamente contaminati dagli PAH, questo studio aveva come scopo quello di accertare la loro presenza e la loro percentuale in quattro differenti tipi di prosciutto crudo croato. La ricerca ĆØ stata condotta su prosciutti crudi croati differenti (dalmata, di DrniÅ”, dellāisola di Veglia e istriano) i cui processi tecnologici di produzione si differenziano lāuno dallāaltro. Lāanalisi tendente ad accertare la presenza dei composti PAH ĆØ stata condotta con la tecnica della cromatografia liquida ad alta prestazione con rivelatori a fluorescenza (HPLC-FLD). Dei 15 PAH oggetto della ricerca, ne sono stati identificati e quantificati ben 13. Ć stata rilevata una concentrazione media di benzo[a]pirene (BaP) pari a 0,05-0,10 Āµg/kg, contro una concentrazione media di composti PAH4 pari a 0,41-0,67 Āµg/kg. Nonostante il fatto che il processo di produzione del prosciutto crudo dellāisola di Veglia e del prosciutto crudo istriano non preveda la fase dellāaffumicamento, non sono state accertate differenze statisticamente significative nelle percentuali dei composti BaP, PAH4, PAH8 e PAH15 tra tutti i prosciutti esaminati. La presenza contaminante dāidrocarburi policiclici aromatici nei prosciutti crudi non affumicati potrebbe essere dovuta allāaggiunta di spezie nella fase della salatura. Le concentrazioni di PAH accertate nei campioni dei prosciutti crudi croati esaminati non hanno superato i livelli consentiti previsti dalla legislazione attualmente in vigore nellāUnione Europea.Hidrocarburos aromĆ”ticos policĆclicos (HAP) son contaminantes frecuentes en los productos alimenticios. Tomando en cuenta que los productos cĆ”rnicos pueden estar contaminados en gran medida por los HAP, el fin de este trabajo fue determinar su contenido en cuatro tipos de los jamones croatas. La investigaciĆ³n fue hecha en los jamones de Dalmacia, DrniÅ”, Krk e Istria, con los procesos tecnolĆ³gicos de producciĆ³n diferentes. El anĆ”lisis de los compuestos HAP fue hecho por la cromatografĆa de lĆquidos de alta resoluciĆ³n con detecciĆ³n por fluorescencia (HPLC-FLD). Entre los 15 compuestos HAP analizados, 13 fueron identificados. La concentraciĆ³n media del benz(a)pireno (BaP) fue 0,05-0,10 Āµg/kg, mientras la cantidad media de los compuestos PAH4 fue 0,41-0,67 Āµg/kg. A pesar de que los procesos de producciĆ³n de los jamones de Krk y de Istria no incluyen la fase del ahumado, no fueron determinadas las diferencias estadĆsticamente significativas en el contenido de los compuestos BaP, HAP4, HAP8 y HAP15 en todos los jamones analizados. La contaminaciĆ³n por los PAH de los jamones no ahumados pudo ser la consecuencia del uso de las especies en la fase de salazĆ³n. Las concentraciones de los compuestos HAP determinadas en las muestras de los jamones de Croacia no excedieron los niveles determinados por la legislaciĆ³n actual de la UniĆ³n Europea
Analiza dugoroÄnih fiskalnih uÄinaka demografskih promjena
Ciljevi projekta: Primijeniti standardnu metodologiju Europske komisije kako bi se procijenilo dugoroÄno kretanje fiskalnih rashoda povezanih sa starenjem (izdataka za zdravstvo, mirovine, obrazovanje i sl.) i prihoda ovisnih o demografskoj strukturi (doprinosi za socijalne izdatke), te kako bi se ocijenila dugoroÄna fiskalna održivost. Važan cilj projekta je i definiranje potreba za podacima nužnim za Å”to pouzdaniju dugoroÄnu procjenu fiskalnih rashoda (podaci o strukturi izdataka za zdravstvo s obzirom na dob i spol, podaci o izdacima za skrb za stare i nemoÄne osobe i sl.), te edukacija eksperata iz Ministarstva financija kako bi u buduÄnosti samostalno mogli nastaviti s provedbom ovakve analize.
Sadržaj projekta: Istraživanje zapoÄinje razradom metodologije za ocjenu fiskalnih uÄinaka starenja stanovniÅ”tva i analizom demografskog stanja i demografskih projekcija za Hrvatsku. Nakon toga prikupit Äe se potrebni podaci za provedbu analize, te primijeniti metodologija za ocjenu fiskalnih uÄinaka demografskih promjena u Hrvatskoj
Koncentracija bakterija i gljivica u zraku objekta kavezno držanih nesilica.
This paper describes the concentrations of airborne bacteria and fungi in a cage housed laying hens facility, during a production year. Levels of airborne bacteria established in the air of the poultry house ranged from 1.02Ć10 4 CFU/m3 measured in April, to 7.72Ć10 4 CFU/m3 measured in December. Mean values of the total number of fungi ranged from 0.075Ć10 4 CFU/m3 measured in September, to 8.56Ć10 4 CFU/m3 measured in June. Established values of air temperature, relative humidity and air velocity were, generally, in accordance with the technology-predicted ranges. The determined number of bacteria and fungi in the air, as well as the statistically significant impact of microclimate conditions on their number in the air of the cage housed laying hens facility, are in accordance with considerations for standards set for air quality in livestock buildings and the development of reliable systems for monitoring the above factors. The aim is to create production that, besides the economic aspects, must include the protection of animals and people, as well as safety of food and environmenU radu je prikazana koncentracija bakterija i gljivica u zraku objekta kavezno smjeÅ”tenih nesilica tijekom proizvodne godine. Broj bakterija izmjerenih u zraku objekta kretao se od 1,02Ć10 4 CFU/m3, mjereno u travnju, do 7,72Ć10 4 CFU/m3, mjereno u prosincu. Srednje vrijednosti ukupnog broja gljivica iznosile su od 0,075Ć10 4 CFU/m3, izmjerene u rujnu, do 8,56Ć10 4 CFU/m3, izmjereno u lipnju. Izmjerene vrijednosti temperature zraka, relativne vlažnosti i brzine strujanja zraka bile su veÄinom u tehnologijom predviÄenim rasponima. UtvrÄeni broj bakterija i gljivica u zraku, kao i statistiÄki znaÄajan utjecaj mikroklimatskih uvjeta na njihov broj u zraku objekta kavezno držanih nesilica, ukazuju na potrebu za postavljanjem standarda o kakvoÄi zraka u nastambama za životinje te razvoj pouzdanog sustava za praÄenje navedenih Äimbenika. Cilj je stvoriti proizvodnju koja, osim zadovoljenja ekonomskih Äimbenika, mora sadržavati i zaÅ”titu životinja i ljudi, kao i sigurnost hrane i okoliÅ”a
Utjecaj godiŔnjeg doba na koncentraciju praŔine i endotoksina u zraku nastambe za kokoŔi nesilice
In the present study, air quality in a cage-housed laying hen house was investigated throughout the seasons by assessing dust and endotoxin concentrations. Measurements were done twice a month during the 1-year production cycle. The mean levels of dust and endotoxins ranged from 0.60 mg/m3 in May to 2.83 mg/m3 in November, and from 203.15 EU/m3 in August to 745.53 EU/m3 in April. Significantly higher concentrations of dust and endotoxins in the poultry house were determined in the autumn and winter seasons, and endotoxins in the spring season as well, compared to the summer (P<0.05 all). The results suggested that the cooler periods of the year pose a greater risk for the welfare and performance of laying hens, but also for the health of humans working in these settings in terms of the levels of airborne dust and endotoxins.U ovom radu istraživana je kvaliteta zraka u nastambi kavezno držanih kokoÅ”i nesilica u svim godiÅ”njim dobima utvrÄivanjem koncentracije praÅ”ine i endotoksina. Mjerenja su provoÄena dva puta na mjesec tijekom jednogodiÅ”njeg proizvodnog ciklusa. Srednje vrijednosti koncentracije praÅ”ine i endotoksina kretale su se od 0,60 mg/m3 (svibanj) do 2,83 mg/m3 (studeni), odnosno od 203,15 EU/m3 (kolovoz) do 745,53 EU/m3 (travanj). ZnaÄajno veÄe koncentracije praÅ”ine i endotoksina u peradarniku ustanovljene su ujesen i zimi, endotoksini takoÄer i u proljeÄe, u usporedbi s ljetom (P<0,05 sve). Iz rezultata istraživanja može se zakljuÄiti da hladnija razdoblja godine predstavljaju veÄi rizik za dobrobit i proizvodnost kokoÅ”i nesilica, ali i za zdravlje zaposlenika u ovim nastambama s obzirom na koncentraciju praÅ”ine i endotoksina u zraku
Analysing overlay journals: The state-of-the-art in 2021 and possible perspectives
The rising importance of preprints and the growing number of journals accepting them necessitates the (re)definition of an overlay journal and its place in todayās publishing context. Using a snowball search strategy, we searched Web of Science and Scopus databases for articles on overlay journals. We identified 28 overlay journals that fit the traditional overlay journal definition (they did not host articles but provided links to final versions on repositories or they searched repositories for viable preprints to publish) or that defined themselves as overlay journals. Most journals were not indexed in bibliographic databases, and crucial information such as journal ownership was not publicly available. Likewise, most journals both self-hosted articles and provided links to final versions on repositories, which might mean repositories are more valuable in their āopen-accessā functionality than in the capacity for hosting articles. Editorial policies and practices of these overlay journals were often undeveloped or non-existent. It seems overlay journals remain a niche publishing model in 2021, especially due to the increased number of journals accepting preprints and using preprint servers in their core functionality. However, overlay journals can take an āactiveā approach in finding, reviewing, and publishing preprints, replacing other inefficient publishing models
Policija na hitan psihijatrijski pregled dovodi najÄeÅ”Äe osobe intoksicirane alkoholom
The aim of this study was to analyze possible the differences in sociodemographic characteristics between the patients intoxicated with alcohol and the other psychiatric patients brought for the urgent psychiatric examination, at the Department for urgent psychiatry, with the police escort, in the years 2001 and 2002. From the total number of 5,534 exams performed at the ambulance for urgent psychiatry in year 2001, and 2002, 282 patient have been brought with the police escort. The police had been bringing the patients, most often man, intoxicated with alcohol. Those patients were mostly observed, or just examined, and committed again to the police station. The rest of the patients were the schizophrenics, the patients who had attempted suicide, and the patients with personality disorders. Those patients mostly remained on coercive hospital treatment, in the accordance with the Croatian Law on Mental Health. The female patients have been brought practically in the same number with the police escort, as the male patients, mostly because of the following disorders: alcohol intoxication, schizophrenia, mood disorders (manic episode), or attempted suicide. In conclusion, our results confirm the criminal element of alcoholism, that has been already pointed out.Cilj ovoga istraživanja jest analizirati razlike u sociodemografskim karakteristikama izmeÄu pacijenata intoksiciranih alkoholom i ostalih psihijatrijskih pacijenata hitno dovedenih na pregled, u hitnu psihijatrijsku ambulantu, u pratnji policije tijekom 2001. i 2002. godine. Od ukupno 5.534 pregleda, obavljenih u hitnoj psihijatrijskoj ambulanti u 2001. i 2002. godini, 282 pacijenta su dovedena u pratnji policije. Policija je dovodila pacijente koji su veÄinom bili muÅ”karci intoksicirani alkoholom. Ti pacijenti su ÄeÅ”Äe opservirani ili samo pregledani i ponovno u pratnji policije upuÄeni u policijsku postaju. Ostali pacijenti ukljuÄivali su shizofrene pacijente, pacijente koji su pokuÅ”ali samoubojstvo i pacijenti s poremeÄajima osobnosti. Ti pacijenti su veÄinom ostajali na obveznom bolniÄkom lijeÄenju i to prisilno, prema Zakonu o zaÅ”titi osoba s duÅ”evnim smetnjama. Ženske pacijentice dovedene su gotovo u istom broju u pratnji policije kao i muÅ”ki pacijenti, zbog sljedeÄih poremeÄaja: alkoholna intoksikacija, shizofrenija, poremeÄaji raspoloženja (maniÄne epizode) ili pokuÅ”aja suicida. NaÅ”i rezultati potvrÄuju dosada veÄ isticanu kriminogenu ulogu alkohola
NUTRITIVE VALUE OF TROUT (ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS) FARMED IN THE ADRIATIC SEA
Cilj ovog rada bio je odreÄivanje kemijskog sastava fileta svježe i hladno dimljene kalifornijske pastrve (Oncorhynchus mykiss)uzgojene u Jadranskom moru mjerenjem udjela vode, masti, proteina, soli, pepela, sastava masnih kiselina s naglaskom na eikozapentaensku (EPA) i dokozaheksaensku (DHA) masnu kiselinu te fizikalnih karakteristika mjerenjem pH i odreÄivanjem boje. Analize su izvrÅ”ene na homogeniziranom miÅ”iÄju nakon odvajanja kože i kostiju. OdreÄivanje udjela vode, pepela, ukupne koliÄine masti i proteina izvrÅ”eno je prema referentnim metodama AOAC (1995). Za odreÄivanje sastava masnih kiselina pripremljeni su metilni esteri prema metodi HRN EN ISO 5509 (2004) te su analizirani plinskom kromatografijom prema metodi HRN EN ISO 5508 (1999). Rezultati su pokazali da je istražena svježa pastrva uzgojena u moru odliÄan izvor proteina (21,21%) te da ima neÅ”to niže vrijednosti udjela masti (5,21%) i omega-3 masnih kiselina (12,52 %) od rezultata drugih istraživanja. Proces hladnog dimljenja ne uzrokuje gubitke na udjelu masti i omega-3 masnih kiselina. Fileti svježe i dimljene kalifornijske pastrve uzgojene u Jadranskom moru mogu se smatrati namirnicama visoke prehrambene vrijednosti.The aim of this study was to determinethe chemical composition of fresh and cold smoked rainbow trout fillets (Oncorhynchusmykiss)farmed in the Adriatic sea by measuring water, fat, protein, salt and ash content, fatty acid profile with an emphasis oneicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) fatty acids. Physical characteristics were determined by pH and color measurements. Analysis was performed on homogenized fish muscles without skin and bones. Determination of moisture, ash, fat and protein was conducted according to AOAC (1995). Determination of fatty acid content of previously prepared methyl esters (HRN EN ISO 5509, 2004) was conducted by gas chromatography according to HRN EN ISO 5508 (1999). Results showed that fresh rainbow trout farmed in the Adriatic sea is an excellent protein source (21.21%) but has slightly lower fat (5.21%) and omega-3 fatty acid content (12.52 %) compared to the results of other studies. Fat and omega-3 fatty acid content was not decreased by the process of cold smoking. Overall, fresh and smoked trout farmed in the Adriatic may be regarded as food high in nutritional value