Os efeitos do e-commerce na produtividade das firmas comerciais no Brasil

With the emergence of the internet, the e-commerce grows on daily basis, in Brazil and in the world. In 2007 was still very low by Brazilian trade firms, even considering only firms with 20 or more employees. Only 855 firms adopted this practice in a total of 38.339 firms. The set up of this kind of innovation allows reduction of transaction costs, but, in the other hand, it demands logistics and information technology upgrades, and also qualified personnel. Theses improvements could dealt by public policies. The current studied developed a pioneering evaluation of the effects of e-commerce in the Brazilian economy. More specically, the effects of adoption of this kind of innovation in the productivity of wholesale and retail firms were analyzed. The studied followed an econometric methodology that tries to control the possible effects of endogeneity and self-selection bias. In other words, it tries to control the possible bias caused by the fact that the choice of adoption or not e-commerce might be influenced by the productivity. The study used microdata of the 2007 Annual Trade Survey (Pesquisa Annual de Comércio), by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografica e Estatística, the Brazilian nacional statistics agency). The methodology was used by Bertschek, Fryges and Kaiser (2004) to evaluate the impact of business-to-business e-commerce on the productivity of German firms

CT-Info: uma visão a fundo

O presente estudo adota uma metodologia diferenciada de avaliação dos fundos setoriais e tem por objetivo realizar uma dissecção da dinâmica de funcionamento e dos impactos do CT-Info à luz do que está estabelecido como seu foco, que é fomentar projetos em empresas brasileiras do setor de informática. Para tanto, foi realizada uma investigação que buscou responder a três questões fundamentais: qual o perfil das empresas que obtiveram recursos concedidos pelo CT-Info? Como se desenvolveu a dinâmica de utilização desses recursos? Qual a motivação para que empresas recorram ou não ao instrumento? Por um lado, os resultados apontam para uma captura do instrumento pelo complexo acadêmico-universitário. Por outro, para as poucas empresas beneficiárias, apesar das dificuldades burocráticas, os resultados obtidos foram muito expressivos.This articles adopts a differentiated methodology for evaluating sectoral funds, and its aim is to analyze the functioning and the impacts of CT-Info in what regards to its focus: to support projects in Brazilian information technology firms. To accomplish this goal, the research tried to answer three fundamental questions: what is the profile of the firms supported by CT-Info? How was the dynamics of utilization of the resources? What was the motivation for firms to use or not to use the instrument? In one hand, results point to a capture of the instrument by the Academy. On the other hand, for the few supported firms, despite bureaucratic difficulties, the obtained results were very important

Os Efeitos do E-Commerce na Produtividade das Firmas Comerciais no Brasil.

With the emergence of the internet, the e-commerce grows on daily basis, in Brazil and in the world. In 2007 was still very low by Brazilian trade firms, even considering only firms with 20 or more employees. Only 855 firms adopted this practice in a total of 38.339 firms. The set up of this kind of innovation allows reduction of transaction costs, but, in the other hand, it demands logistics and information technology upgrades, and also qualified personnel. Theses improvements could dealt by public policies.The current studied developed a pioneering evaluation of the effects of e-commerce in the Brazilian economy. More specifically, the effects of adoption of this kind of innovation in the productivity of wholesale and retail firms were analyzed. The studied followed an econometric methodology that tries to control the possible effects of endogeneity and self-selection bias. In other words, it tries to control the possible bias caused by the fact that the choice of adoption or not e-commerce might be influenced by the productivity. The study used microdata of the 2007 Annual Trade Survey (Pesquisa Annual de Comércio), by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics(Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, the Brazilian nacional statistics agency). The methodology was used by Bertschek, Fryges and Kaiser (2004) to evaluate the impact of business-to-business e-commerce on the productivity of German firms.

Implementation of a Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional (BALANCE) Program for improvement on quality of diet and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events: A randomized, multicenter trial

Background: Appropriate dietary recommendations represent a key part of secondary prevention in cardiovascular disease (CVD). We evaluated the effectiveness of the implementation of a nutritional program on quality of diet, cardiovascular events, and death in patients with established CVD. Methods: In this open-label, multicenter trial conducted in 35 sites in Brazil, we randomly assigned (1:1) patients aged 45 years or older to receive either the BALANCE Program (experimental group) or conventional nutrition advice (control group). The BALANCE Program included a unique nutritional education strategy to implement recommendations from guidelines, adapted to the use of affordable and regional foods. Adherence to diet was evaluated by the modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index. The primary end point was a composite of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular death, cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, stroke, myocardial revascularization, amputation, or hospitalization for unstable angina. Secondary end points included biochemical and anthropometric data, and blood pressure levels. Results: From March 5, 2013, to Abril 7, 2015, a total of 2534 eligible patients were randomly assigned to either the BALANCE Program group (n = 1,266) or the control group (n = 1,268) and were followed up for a median of 3.5 years. In total, 235 (9.3%) participants had been lost to follow-up. After 3 years of follow-up, mean modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index (scale 0-70) was only slightly higher in the BALANCE group versus the control group (26.2 ± 8.4 vs 24.7 ± 8.6, P <.01), mainly due to a 0.5-serving/d greater intake of fruits and of vegetables in the BALANCE group. Primary end point events occurred in 236 participants (18.8%) in the BALANCE group and in 207 participants (16.4%) in the control group (hazard ratio, 1.15; 95% CI 0.95-1.38; P =.15). Secondary end points did not differ between groups after follow-up. Conclusions: The BALANCE Program only slightly improved adherence to a healthy diet in patients with established CVD and had no significant effect on the incidence of cardiovascular events or death. © 2019 The Author